The Cold War Politics Of Genetic Research

Author : William deJong-Lambert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400728400

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The Cold War Politics of Genetic Research by William deJong-Lambert Pdf

This book uses the reaction of a number of biologists in the United States and Great Britain to provide an overview of one of the most important controversies in Twentieth Century biology, the “Lysenko Affair.” The book is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of history/history of science. It covers a number of topics which are relevant to understanding the sources and dimensions of the Lysenko controversy, including the interwar eugenics movement, the Scopes Trial, the popularity of Lamarckism as a theory of heredity prior to the synthesis of genetics and Natural Selection, and the Cold War. The book focuses particularly on portrayals—both positive and negative—of Lysenko in the popular press in the U.S. and Europe, and thus by extension the relationship between scientists and society. Because the Lysenko controversy attracted a high level of interest among the lay community, it constitutes a useful historical example to consider in context with current topics that have received a similar level of attention, such as Intelligent Design or Climate Change.

Author : William deJong-Lambert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400728394

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The Cold War Politics of Genetic Research by William deJong-Lambert Pdf

This book uses the reaction of a number of biologists in the United States and Great Britain to provide an overview of one of the most important controversies in Twentieth Century biology, the “Lysenko Affair.” The book is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of history/history of science. It covers a number of topics which are relevant to understanding the sources and dimensions of the Lysenko controversy, including the interwar eugenics movement, the Scopes Trial, the popularity of Lamarckism as a theory of heredity prior to the synthesis of genetics and Natural Selection, and the Cold War. The book focuses particularly on portrayals—both positive and negative—of Lysenko in the popular press in the U.S. and Europe, and thus by extension the relationship between scientists and society. Because the Lysenko controversy attracted a high level of interest among the lay community, it constitutes a useful historical example to consider in context with current topics that have received a similar level of attention, such as Intelligent Design or Climate Change.

Author : Greta Jones
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0608203548

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Science, Politics and the Cold War by Greta Jones Pdf

Author : John H. Perkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1997-12-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780195355031

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Geopolitics and the Green Revolution by John H. Perkins Pdf

During the last 100 years, the worldwide yields of cereal grains, such as wheat and rice, have increased dramatically. Since the 1950s, developments in plant breeding science have been heralded as a "Green Revolution" in modern agriculture. But what factors have enabled and promoted these technical changes? And what are the implications for the future of agriculture? This new book uses a framework of political ecology and environmental history to explore the "Green Revolution's" emergence during the 20th century in the United States, Mexico, India, and Britain. It argues that the national security planning efforts of each nation were the most important forces promoting the development and spread of the "Green Revolution"; when viewed in the larger scheme, this period can be seen as the latest chapter in the long history of wheat use among humans, which dates back to the neolithic revolution. Efforts to reform agriculture and mitigate some of the harsh environmental and social consequences of the "Green Revolution" have generally been insensitive to the deeply embedded nature of high yielding agriculture in human ecology and political affairs. This important insight challenges those involved in agriculture reform to make productivity both sustainable and adequate for a growing human population.

Author : David H. Price
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780822374381

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Cold War Anthropology by David H. Price Pdf

In Cold War Anthropology, David H. Price offers a provocative account of the profound influence that the American security state has had on the field of anthropology since the Second World War. Using a wealth of information unearthed in CIA, FBI, and military records, he maps out the intricate connections between academia and the intelligence community and the strategic use of anthropological research to further the goals of the American military complex. The rise of area studies programs, funded both openly and covertly by government agencies, encouraged anthropologists to produce work that had intellectual value within the field while also shaping global counterinsurgency and development programs that furthered America’s Cold War objectives. Ultimately, the moral issues raised by these activities prompted the American Anthropological Association to establish its first ethics code. Price concludes by comparing Cold War-era anthropology to the anthropological expertise deployed by the military in the post-9/11 era.

Author : Joseph Smith,Simon Davis
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442281868

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Historical Dictionary of the Cold War by Joseph Smith,Simon Davis Pdf

“Cold war” was a term coined in 1945 by left-leaning British writer George Orwell to predict how powers made unconquerable by having nuclear weapons would conduct future relations. It was popularized in 1947 by American journalist Walter Lippmann amid mounting tensions between the erstwhile World War II Allies - the capitalist democracies - the United States of America and Britain - versus the Soviet Union, a communist dictatorship. As the grand alliance of the “Big Three” they had defeated Nazi Germany, its satellites and Japan in World War II but became rivals who split the world into an American-led Western “bloc” and Soviet-led Eastern “bloc.” Both were secured from direct attack by arraying ever-greater nuclear and conventional forces against the other while seeking global supremacy by other means. The 45-year Cold War lasted until the Soviet Union collapsed between 1989 and 1991. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of the Cold War contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 400 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, crucial countries and peripheral conflicts, the increasingly lethal weapons systems, and the various political and military strategies. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about this crucial period in history.

Author : David Joravsky
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226410326

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The Lysenko Affair by David Joravsky Pdf

The Lysenko affair was perhaps the most bizarre chapter in the history of modern science. For thirty years, until 1965, Soviet genetics was dominated by a fanatical agronomist who achieved dictatorial power over genetics and plant science as well as agronomy. "A standard source both for Soviet specialists and for sociologists of science."—American Journal of Sociology "Joravsky has produced . . . the most detailed and authoritative treatment of Lysenko and his view on genetics."—New York Times Book Review

Author : Elspeth O'Riordan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-09-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9783031060755

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Understanding the Cold War by Elspeth O'Riordan Pdf

This book provides an advanced introduction to the Cold War, assessing its origins, development and conclusion as a dynamic interaction between superpower confrontation and complex regional and local situations. The evolution of the subject’s scholarly debate is discussed throughout and the contest situated alongside enduring historical themes including decolonisation, development, nationalism and globalisation. Regional case studies, on Europe, East and Southeast Asia, Latin America and the Middle East, illuminate the Cold War’s global reach. Thematic analysis considers competition in military, strategic and economic spheres, as well as in aspects of culture, ideology, society, and Human Rights. The Cold War’s transnational elements and facets of international cooperation are also highlighted. The book unpacks the subject’s extensive scholarly discourse, underlining the interdisciplinary character of today’s Cold War historiography and the importance of understanding that its development has been informed by a vibrant interface between international history, international relations and the Cold War itself.

Author : M. Meloni
Publisher : Springer
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137377722

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Political Biology by M. Meloni Pdf

This book explores the socio-political implications of human heredity from the second half of the nineteenth century to the present postgenomic moment. It addresses three main phases in the politicization of heredity: the peak of radical eugenics (1900-1945), characterized by an aggressive ethos of supporting the transformation of human society via biological knowledge; the repositioning, after 1945, of biological thinking into a liberal-democratic, human rights framework; and the present postgenomic crisis in which the genome can no longer be understood as insulated from environmental signals. In Political Biology, Maurizio Meloni argues that thanks to the ascendancy of epigenetics we may be witnessing a return to soft heredity - the idea that these signals can cause changes in biology that are themselves transferable to succeeding generations. This book will be of great interest to scholars across science and technology studies, the philosophy and history of science, and political and social theory.

Author : Giles Scott-Smith,Charlotte A. Lerg
Publisher : Springer
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781137598677

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Campaigning Culture and the Global Cold War by Giles Scott-Smith,Charlotte A. Lerg Pdf

This book explores the lasting legacy of the controversial project by the Congress for Cultural Freedom, funded by the CIA, to promote Western culture and liberal values in the battle of ideas with global Communism during the Cold War. One of the most important elements of this campaign was a series of journals published around the world: Encounter, Preuves, Quest, Mundo Nuevo, and many others, involving many of the most famous intellectuals to promote a global intellectual community. Some of them, such as Minerva and China Quarterly, are still going to this day. This study examines when and why these journals were founded, who ran them, and how we should understand their cultural message in relation to the secret patron that paid the bills.

Author : Greg Whitesides
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108420440

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Science and American Foreign Relations since World War II by Greg Whitesides Pdf

Chronicles the critical role the sciences have played in American foreign relations since World War II.

Author : Russell Bonduriansky,Troy Day
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691204147

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Extended Heredity by Russell Bonduriansky,Troy Day Pdf

Bonduriansky and Day challenge the premise that genes alone mediate the transmission of biological information across generations and provide the raw material for natural selection. They explore the latest research showing that what happens during our lifetimes—and even our parents’ and grandparents’ lifetimes—can influence the features of our descendants. Based on this evidence, Bonduriansky and Day develop an extended concept of heredity that upends ideas about how traits can and cannot be transmitted across generations, opening the door to a new understanding of inheritance, evolution, and even human health. --Adapted from publisher description.

Author : Maurizio Meloni
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351689380

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Impressionable Biologies by Maurizio Meloni Pdf

During the twentieth century, genes were considered the controlling force of life processes, and the transfer of DNA the definitive explanation for biological heredity. Such views shaped the politics of human heredity: in the eugenic era, controlling heredity meant intervening in the distribution of "good" and "bad" genes. However, since the turn of the twenty-first century, this centrality of genes has been challenged by a number of "postgenomic" disciplines. The rise of epigenetics in particular signals a shift from notions of biological fixedness to ideas of plasticity and "impressionability" of biological material. This book investigates a long history of the beliefs about the plasticity of human biology, starting with ancient medicine, and analyses the biopolitical techniques required to govern such permeability. It looks at the emergence of the modern body of biomedicine as a necessary displacement or possibly reconfiguration of earlier plastic views. Finally, it analyses the returning of plasticity to contemporary postgenomic views and argues that postgenomic plasticity is neither a modernistic plasticity of instrumental management of the body nor a postmodernist celebration of potentialities. It is instead a plasticity that disrupts clear boundaries between openness and determination, individual and community, with important implications for notions of risk, responsibility and intervention.

Author : William deJong-Lambert,Nikolai Krementsov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-01-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9783319391762

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The Lysenko Controversy as a Global Phenomenon, Volume 1 by William deJong-Lambert,Nikolai Krementsov Pdf

This volume covers the global history of the Lysenko controversy, while exploring in greater depth the background of D. Lysenko’s career and influence in the USSR. By presenting the rise and fall of T.D. Lysenko in a variety of aspects—his influence upon art, unrecognized predecessors, and the extent to which genetics continued in the USSR even while he was in power, and the revival of his reputation today—the authors provide a fresh perspective on one of the most notorious episodes in the history of science.

Author : Tanya Fitzgerald,Steven J. Courtney
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-31
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783031368011

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Critical Education Policy and Leadership Studies by Tanya Fitzgerald,Steven J. Courtney Pdf

This edited collection is a Festschrift to Helen M. Gunter, a leading scholar in the field of education policy and leadership. We draw on the concept of the Festschrift as a collection of papers, or chapters, that recognise, honour, and celebrate the work and contributions of an esteemed academic. Gunter’s work has opened up the field of critical education policy and leadership studies and provoked, if not revitalised, scholarly thinking about the origins, structures, patterns and impact of the field. Gunter’s personal commitment to intellectual leadership of the field and public education resonates across all her scholarly works. The core intention of this unique collection is to recognise Gunter’s scholarly contributions as an academic, practitioner and public intellectual. Invited authors have been asked to reflect critically on ways in which Gunter’s work and intellectual support have influenced their own research, teaching and academic engagement. In their reflections, contributors not only speak to the intellectual work of Gunter but suggest how they have taken this work forward and how this has advanced the field of education as well as the production of knowledge.