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Author : Christiaan Grootaert
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Consumption (Economics)
ISBN : OCLC:1044066751
Author : Christiaan Grootaert,World Bank
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105037534323
This paper surveys three alternative approaches to the measurement and analysis of welfare, reflective of the thinking that has been ongoing in the Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study. The first approach advocates the derivation of true indexes of welfare from the preference paramaters estimated in an integrated model of household expenditures deflated by a price index and an adult equivalence scale as a measure of welfare. The third approach consists of the calculation of full income for households. These last two approaces are in a sense shortcut versions of the first, requiring less data. The choice of approach must be based on careful investigation of the trade-off between conceptual rigor and practical constraints on data collection and use. Welfare is a multidimensional concept; attention is given to short-term stochastic variations, asset accumulation, and vulnerability of the household. The paper also discusses the multipurpose household survey needed to gather data and some principles about data presentation.
Author : Steven Howes,Jean Olson Lanjouw
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821338625
World Bank Discussion Paper No. 356. The World Bank has become the world's largest lender in the health, nutrition, and population (HNP) sectors, requiring the institution to seek ever greater evidence that its work is effective on the ground. This paper reviews the literature on the causes of observed changes in health and fertility levels, on the evaluation of policies, and on programs designed to accelerate these changes. It presents a framework that delineates the relationships between Bank activities in the HNP sectors, the characteristics of a health care system, household behavior, and changes in health outcomes. The paper also describes a strategy for assessing the development effectiveness of the Bank's work in these sectors. The underlying thesis is that changes in health policy and improved outcomes depend on the the demand for health services and on institutional incentives that drive health care system performance.
Author : Raylynn Oliver
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821339346
Living Standards Measurement Survey Working Paper No. 130.This document presents a set of Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) questionnaires that have been developed for use in the Russian-speaking countries of the former Soviet Union. The questionnaires are available in English and Russian, as well as in an electronic format. The document describes in detail how to modify the questionnaires for use in any specific country. The author guides the questionnaire writer through the modification process, illustrating the important aspects of LSMS surveys, the translation and field-testing procedures, and a section-by-section description of the types of modification that are likely to be required to suit particular goals and circumstances.Also available in Russian : (ISBN 0-8213-3935-4) / Stock No. 13935
Author : Angus Deaton,Salman Zaidi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821349902
In September 2001, staff from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund met with the objective of strengthening collaboration between the two organizations in projects of civil service reform. This strengthened collaboration will have key benefits in ensuring consistency between the conflicting goals of the two organizations, establishing realistic objectives within the reform process, and maintaining a core set of wage and employment data. The principal conclusion arrived at was that World Bank and IMF staff should be engaging in collaboration earlier in the reform process. To guide the collaboration, six foundations were identified. These include: develop a medium-term fiscal framework; foster national ownership by making reforms politically feasible; focus and streamline conditionality; agree on sequencing and timing of reforms; and strengthen data collection. These principals will be tested for effectiveness in several focus countries.
Author : Paul Glewwe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821338331
World Bank Technical Paper No. 354. Water users' organizations are one example of community participation at work in the sectors of irrigation, drinking water supply, and sanitation. This paper looks at the conditions under which these organizations are most effective in managing water systems. It identifies key external factors and internal structures for sustainable user associations, as well as the conditions for partnership between government agencies and the associations.
Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821342266
A poverty line helps focus the attention of governments and civil society on the living conditions of the poor. This paper offers a critical overview of alternative approaches to setting poverty lines. In reviewing the methods found in practice, the paper tries to throw light on, and go some way toward resolving, ongoing debates about poverty measurement, emphasizing those debates which would appear to have greatest bearing on policy discussions.
Author : Sudhanshu Handa,Monica Neitzert
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0821340875
This paper explores the impact of six noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) on Jamaicans' decisions to retire. Using the 1991 and 1992 Survey of Living Conditions database it examines the significantly negative impact that NCCDs have on people remaining in employment. Chapters present findings that suggest the need to integrate health and labor market policies; discuss health transition and the labor market in Jamaica; give data, samples, and health measures; provide an econometric model; examine NCCDs in respect to gender and other social issues; and present sensitivity analysis on the impact of physical health status on employment.
Author : Lindawati Gani,Beta Yulianita Gitaharie,Zaäfri Husodo,Ari Kuncoro
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351846240
Asia and the Pacific have become the growth engine of the world economy with the contribution of two-third of the global growth. The book discusses current issues in economics, business, and accounting in which economic agents, as individuals, entrepreneurs and professionals, as well as countries in the Asia and Pacific regions compete and collaborate with each other and with the rest of the globe. Areas covered in the book include economic development and sustainability, labor market competition, Islamic economic and business, marketing, finance, accounting standard compliances, and taxation. It will help shed light on what business and economic scholars in regions have done in terms of research and knowledge development, as well as the new frontiers of research that have been explored and opening up. This is an Open Access ebook, and can be found on www.taylorfrancis.com.
Author : Christiaan Grootaert
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Paul Glewwe,Harry Anthony Patrinos
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821341677
As part of the restructuring of the educational system in 1989, the Vietnamese government implemented policy changes such as promoting the establishment of "people's" and community educational institutions, permitting the establishment of private institutions and transforming public institutions into private ones. Since Vietnam has only recently moved from a centrally planned to a market economy, private schools are still relatively rare in Vietnam. This paper examines the nature of private schooling in Vietnam using data from the 1992-93 Vietnam Living Standards Survey.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781135149017
Author : Manfred Zeller,Richard L. Meyer
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780801872266
Since the 1980s when the microfinance revolution began, much has been accomplished, but the field became more refined in the 1990s as a result of shifts in paradigms, strategies, and development practices. This volume addresses the three policy objectives that now occupy those who wish to use credit as a development tool: financial sustainability of microfinance institutions, outreach to the poor, and welfare impact. Inevitable tradeoffs exist among these objectives, and the book advances an analytical framework that assists students of and experts in microfinance to identify the tradeoffs and synergies at the institutional level and in the policy environment. The book features a wealth of empirical data and innovative analytical studies, and critically discusses the role of public support for microfinance institutions (MFIs) in light of the social costs and benefits generated by such financial systems. The book is organized into five parts. The first discusses the demand for and access to financial services by the poor, emphasizing that demand-oriented, pro-poor financial services are crucial in reaching the poor. The second is concerned with two of the criteria used to evaluate MFIsoutreach and financial sustainability. The third features innovative econometric studies seeking to evaluate the impact of MFIs at the household level. The fourth looks at the role of both public- and private-sector institutions in developing sustainable financial systems. And the fifth summarizes implications for policy and research. Given the lack of sound, empirical literature on microfinance, this volume is sure to advance knowledge and research methodology in the field.
Author : Harold Alderman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0821342452
Albania provides a small amount of social assistance to nearly 20% of its population through a system which allows a degree of community discretion in determining distribution. This study investigates the poverty targeting of this program. It indicates that relative to other safety net programs in low income countries, social assistance in Albania is fairly well targeted to the poor.
Author : Maneka Jayasinghe
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811687433
This book investigates the relationships between economies of scale in food consumption and a number of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households and household behavioural choices since food is the major share of household expenditure for poor households. The characteristics considered comprise household size, location, income, and gender of the head of household while the behavioural choices considered comprise the decision to consume home-grown food and the decision to adopt domestic technology to aid food preparation and consumption. The book proposes two theoretical models to rationalize the role of the consumption of home-grown food and the adoption of domestic technology in enhancing economies of scale in food consumption. Econometric models are also used to empirically test the validity of the two theoretical models while adjusted poverty estimations are derived numerically using the estimated equivalence scales. Although data used in applying these techniques are based on four Household Income and Expenditure Surveys conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) in Sri Lanka, the methodology can be used for similar analysis in relation to any other country.