The Critical Public Health Value Of Vaccines

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The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0309461561

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The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

Immunization against disease is among the most successful global health efforts of the modern era, and substantial gains in vaccination coverage rates have been achieved worldwide. However, that progress has stagnated in recent years, leaving an estimated 20 million children worldwide either undervaccinated or completely unvaccinated. The determinants of vaccination uptake are complex, mutable, and context specific. A primary driver is vaccine hesitancy - defined as a "delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccination services". The majority of vaccine-hesitant people fall somewhere on a spectrum from vaccine acceptance to vaccine denial. Vaccine uptake is also hampered by socioeconomic or structural barriers to access. On August 17-20, 2020, the Forum on Microbial Threats at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 4-day virtual workshop titled The Critical Public Health Value of Vaccines: Tackling Issues of Access and Hesitancy. The workshop focused on two main areas (vaccine access and vaccine confidence) and gave particular consideration to health systems, research opportunities, communication strategies, and policies that could be considered to address access, perception, attitudes, and behaviors toward vaccination. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID 19 Vaccine Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309682244

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Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus Pdf

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the societal disruption it has brought, national governments and the international community have invested billions of dollars and immense amounts of human resources to develop a safe and effective vaccine in an unprecedented time frame. Vaccination against this novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), offers the possibility of significantly reducing severe morbidity and mortality and transmission when deployed alongside other public health strategies and improved therapies. Health equity is intertwined with the impact of COVID-19 and there are certain populations that are at increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. In the United States and worldwide, the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on people who are already disadvantaged by virtue of their race and ethnicity, age, health status, residence, occupation, socioeconomic condition, or other contributing factors. Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine offers an overarching framework for vaccine allocation to assist policy makers in the domestic and global health communities. Built on widely accepted foundational principles and recognizing the distinctive characteristics of COVID-19, this report's recommendations address the commitments needed to implement equitable allocation policies for COVID-19 vaccine.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2)

Robert Black,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Marleen Temmerman,Neff Walker
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 Book PDF

Author : Robert Black,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Marleen Temmerman,Neff Walker
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464803680

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Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) by Robert Black,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Marleen Temmerman,Neff Walker Pdf

The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.

Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition E-Book

Jennifer Hamborsky, MPH, MCHES,Andrew Kroger, MD, MPH,Charles (Skip) Wolfe
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine Preventable Diseases 13th Edition E Book Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Hamborsky, MPH, MCHES,Andrew Kroger, MD, MPH,Charles (Skip) Wolfe
Publisher : Public Health Foundation
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-19
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9780990449126

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Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition E-Book by Jennifer Hamborsky, MPH, MCHES,Andrew Kroger, MD, MPH,Charles (Skip) Wolfe Pdf

The Public Health Foundation (PHF) in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is pleased to announce the availability of Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition or “The Pink Book” E-Book. This resource provides the most current, comprehensive, and credible information on vaccine-preventable diseases, and contains updated content on immunization and vaccine information for public health practitioners, healthcare providers, health educators, pharmacists, nurses, and others involved in administering vaccines. “The Pink Book E-Book” allows you, your staff, and others to have quick access to features such as keyword search and chapter links. Online schedules and sources can also be accessed directly through e-readers with internet access. Current, credible, and comprehensive, “The Pink Book E-Book” contains information on each vaccine-preventable disease and delivers immunization providers with the latest information on: Principles of vaccination General recommendations on immunization Vaccine safety Child/adult immunization schedules International vaccines/Foreign language terms Vaccination data and statistics The E-Book format contains all of the information and updates that are in the print version, including: · New vaccine administration chapter · New recommendations regarding selection of storage units and temperature monitoring tools · New recommendations for vaccine transport · Updated information on available influenza vaccine products · Use of Tdap in pregnancy · Use of Tdap in persons 65 years of age or older · Use of PCV13 and PPSV23 in adults with immunocompromising conditions · New licensure information for varicella-zoster immune globulin Contact [email protected] for more information. For more news and specials on immunization and vaccines visit the Pink Book's Facebook fan page

Canadian Immunization Guide

Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation,Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization
Canadian Immunization Guide Book PDF

Author : Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation,Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Immunization
ISBN : 0660193922

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Canadian Immunization Guide by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation,Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization Pdf

The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.

Financing Vaccines in the 21st Century

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Evaluation of Vaccine Purchase Financing in the United States
Financing Vaccines in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Evaluation of Vaccine Purchase Financing in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2003-12-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309133258

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Financing Vaccines in the 21st Century by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Evaluation of Vaccine Purchase Financing in the United States Pdf

The national immunization system has achieved high levels of immunization, particularly for children. However, this system faces difficult challenges for the future. Significant disparities remain in assuring access to recommended vaccines across geographic and demographic populations. These disparities result, in part, from fragmented publicâ€"private financing in which a large number of children and adults face limited access to immunization services. Access for adults lags well behind that of children, and rates of immunizations for those who are especially vulnerable because of chronic health conditions such as diabetes or heart and lung disease, remain low. Financing Vaccines in the 21st Century: Assuring Access and Availability addresses these challenges by proposing new strategies for assuring access to vaccines and sustaining the supply of current and future vaccines. The book recommends changes to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)-the entity that currently recommends vaccines-and calls for a series of public meetings, a post-implementation evaluation study, and development of a research agenda to facilitate implementation of the plan.

Systematizing the One Health Approach in Preparedness and Response Efforts for Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Proceedings of a Workshop

National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Health And Medicine Division,Board On Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Systematizing the One Health Approach in Preparedness and Response Efforts for Infectious Disease Outbreaks Proceedings of a Workshop Book PDF

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Health And Medicine Division,Board On Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309093376

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Systematizing the One Health Approach in Preparedness and Response Efforts for Infectious Disease Outbreaks: Proceedings of a Workshop by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Health And Medicine Division,Board On Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

On February 23-25, 2021, a planning committee convened by the Forum on Microbial Threats at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 3-day virtual workshop titled Systematizing the One Health Approach in Preparedness and Response Efforts for Infectious Disease Outbreaks. The workshop gave particular consideration to research opportunities, multisectoral collaboration mechanisms, community-engagement strategies, educational opportunities, and policies that speakers have found effective in implementing the core capacities and interventions of One Health principles to strengthen national health systems and enhance global health security. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust

Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on the Review of the National Immunization Program's Research Procedures and Data Sharing Program
Vaccine Safety Research Data Access and Public Trust Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on the Review of the National Immunization Program's Research Procedures and Data Sharing Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005-04-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309165242

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Vaccine Safety Research, Data Access, and Public Trust by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on the Review of the National Immunization Program's Research Procedures and Data Sharing Program Pdf

The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) is a large, linked database of patient information that was developed jointly by CDC and several private managed care organizations in 1991. It includes data on vaccination histories, health outcomes, and characteristics of more than 7 million patients of eight participating health organizations. Researchers from CDC and the managed care groups have used VSD information to study whether health problems are associated with vaccinations. The subsequent VSD data sharing program was launched in 2002 to allow independent, external researchers access to information in the database. In this report, the committee that was asked to review aspects of this program recommends that two new oversight groups are needed to ensure that the policies and procedures of the VSD and its data sharing program are implemented as fairly and openly as possible.

Vaccine Anxieties

James Fairhead,Melissa Leach
Vaccine Anxieties Book PDF

Author : James Fairhead,Melissa Leach
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-04-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136549236

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Vaccine Anxieties by James Fairhead,Melissa Leach Pdf

This book explores how parents understand and engage with childhood vaccination in contrasting global contexts. This rapidly advancing and universal technology has sparked dramatic controversy, whether over MMR in the UK or oral polio vaccines in Nigeria. Combining a fresh anthropological perspective with detailed field research, the book examines anxieties emerging as highly globalized vaccine technologies and technocracies encounter the deeply intimate personal and social worlds of parenting and childcare, and how these are part of transforming science-society relations. It retheorizes anxieties about technologies, integrating bodily, social and wider political dimensions, and challenges common views of ignorance, risk, trust and rumour - and related dichotomies between Northern risk society and Southern developing society - that dominate current scientific and policy debates. In so doing, the book reflects critically on the stereotypes that at times pass for explanations of public engagement with both routine vaccination and vaccine research. It suggests routes to improved dialogue between health professionals and the people they serve, and new ways to address science-society relations in a globalized world.

Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan

Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Review of Priorities in the National Vaccine Plan
Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Review of Priorities in the National Vaccine Plan
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010-05-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309156202

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Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Review of Priorities in the National Vaccine Plan Pdf

Vaccination is a fundamental component of preventive medicine and public health. The use of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases has resulted in dramatic decreases in disease, disability, and death in the United States and around the world. The current political, economic, and social environment presents both opportunities for and challenges to strengthening the U.S. system for developing, manufacturing, regulating, distributing, funding, and administering safe and effective vaccines for all people. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. The book makes recommendations about priority actions in the update to the National Vaccine Plan that are intended to achieve the objectives of disease prevention and enhancement of vaccine safety. It is centered on the plan's five goals in the areas of vaccine development, safety, communication, supply and use, and global health.

Vaccine Hesitancy

Maya J. Goldenberg
Vaccine Hesitancy Book PDF

Author : Maya J. Goldenberg
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0822966905

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Vaccine Hesitancy by Maya J. Goldenberg Pdf

The public has voiced concern over the adverse effects of vaccines from the moment Dr. Edward Jenner introduced the first smallpox vaccine in 1796. The controversy over childhood immunization intensified in 1998, when Dr. Andrew Wakefield linked the MMR vaccine to autism. Although Wakefield’s findings were later discredited and retracted, and medical and scientific evidence suggests routine immunizations have significantly reduced life-threatening conditions like measles, whooping cough, and polio, vaccine refusal and vaccine-preventable outbreaks are on the rise. This book explores vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents in the industrialized North. Although biomedical, public health, and popular science literature has focused on a scientifically ignorant public, the real problem, Maya J. Goldenberg argues, lies not in misunderstanding, but in mistrust. Public confidence in scientific institutions and government bodies has been shaken by fraud, research scandals, and misconduct. Her book reveals how vaccine studies sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry, compelling rhetorics from the anti-vaccine movement, and the spread of populist knowledge on social media have all contributed to a public mistrust of the scientific consensus. Importantly, it also emphasizes how historical and current discrimination in health care against marginalized communities continues to shape public perception of institutional trustworthiness. Goldenberg ultimately reframes vaccine hesitancy as a crisis of public trust rather than a war on science, arguing that having good scientific support of vaccine efficacy and safety is not enough. In a fraught communications landscape, Vaccine Hesitancy advocates for trust-building measures that focus on relationships, transparency, and justice.

Vaccine Hesitancy

Maya J. Goldenberg
Vaccine Hesitancy Book PDF

Author : Maya J. Goldenberg
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780822988014

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Vaccine Hesitancy by Maya J. Goldenberg Pdf

Winner, 2022 PSA Women's Caucus Prize in Feminist Philosophy of Science Award The public has voiced concern over the adverse effects of vaccines from the moment Dr. Edward Jenner introduced the first smallpox vaccine in 1796. The controversy over childhood immunization intensified in 1998, when Dr. Andrew Wakefield linked the MMR vaccine to autism. Although Wakefield’s findings were later discredited and retracted, and medical and scientific evidence suggests routine immunizations have significantly reduced life-threatening conditions like measles, whooping cough, and polio, vaccine refusal and vaccine-preventable outbreaks are on the rise. This book explores vaccine hesitancy and refusal among parents in the industrialized North. Although biomedical, public health, and popular science literature has focused on a scientifically ignorant public, the real problem, Maya J. Goldenberg argues, lies not in misunderstanding, but in mistrust. Public confidence in scientific institutions and government bodies has been shaken by fraud, research scandals, and misconduct. Her book reveals how vaccine studies sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry, compelling rhetorics from the anti-vaccine movement, and the spread of populist knowledge on social media have all contributed to a public mistrust of the scientific consensus. Importantly, it also emphasizes how historical and current discrimination in health care against marginalized communities continues to shape public perception of institutional trustworthiness. Goldenberg ultimately reframes vaccine hesitancy as a crisis of public trust rather than a war on science, arguing that having good scientific support of vaccine efficacy and safety is not enough. In a fraught communications landscape, Vaccine Hesitancy advocates for trust-building measures that focus on relationships, transparency, and justice.

Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines

David Bishai,Logan Brenzel,William Padula
Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines Book PDF

Author : David Bishai,Logan Brenzel,William Padula
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780192649409

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Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines by David Bishai,Logan Brenzel,William Padula Pdf

Applying economics to vaccine delivery can save money and lives. With better analytical knowledge and better skills in decision-analysis, decision makers can improve vaccination program sustainability, efficiency, and financial predictability, leading to overall improvement in health system allocative efficiency. This handbook is a practical and accessible guide to the theory, methods, and research of health economics applied to immunization, and an essential and timely addition to the series of Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. By bringing these principles of vaccines and economics together, it is a valuable resource for public health workers, healthcare practitioners, educators, students, researchers, decision makers, and all those working in the immunization field. The handbook guides readers through this critical subject, whether they are already versed in economics or new to the subject. The handbook includes practical examples relevant to high-, middle-, and low-income settings. It offers background information on vaccines and the vaccine landscape, with relevant reviews of vaccine financing, vaccine adoption, and scaling up vaccine delivery. The handbook's main chapters are on principles, costing, economic evaluation, advanced methods, and financing and resource tracking. Summarizing both theory and applications, it is suitable for self-learning and for training and courses. Links to online exercises and resources will help readers learn and apply key insights.

Vaccines for the 21st Century

Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Priorities for Vaccine Development
Vaccines for the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Priorities for Vaccine Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2001-02-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309174988

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Vaccines for the 21st Century by Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Priorities for Vaccine Development Pdf

Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades. The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers.

Adverse Effects of Vaccines

Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines
Adverse Effects of Vaccines Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 894 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2012-04-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309214353

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Adverse Effects of Vaccines by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines Pdf

In 1900, for every 1,000 babies born in the United States, 100 would die before their first birthday, often due to infectious diseases. Today, vaccines exist for many viral and bacterial diseases. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, passed in 1986, was intended to bolster vaccine research and development through the federal coordination of vaccine initiatives and to provide relief to vaccine manufacturers facing financial burdens. The legislation also intended to address concerns about the safety of vaccines by instituting a compensation program, setting up a passive surveillance system for vaccine adverse events, and by providing information to consumers. A key component of the legislation required the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with the Institute of Medicine to assess concerns about the safety of vaccines and potential adverse events, especially in children. Adverse Effects of Vaccines reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), including the varicella zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, the hepatitis B vaccine, and the human papillomavirus vaccine, among others. For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. It finds that while no vaccine is 100 percent safe, very few adverse events are shown to be caused by vaccines. In addition, the evidence shows that vaccines do not cause several conditions. For example, the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism or childhood diabetes. Also, the DTaP vaccine is not associated with diabetes and the influenza vaccine given as a shot does not exacerbate asthma. Adverse Effects of Vaccines will be of special interest to the National Vaccine Program Office, the VICP, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccine safety researchers and manufacturers, parents, caregivers, and health professionals in the private and public sectors.