The Dynamic Effect Of Social And Political Instability On Output

Author : Mr.Lorenzo E. Bernal-Verdugo,Davide Furceri,Mr.Dominique M. Guillaume
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484339268

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The Dynamic Effect of Social and Political Instability on Output by Mr.Lorenzo E. Bernal-Verdugo,Davide Furceri,Mr.Dominique M. Guillaume Pdf

The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamic effect of social and political instability on output. Using a panel of up to 183 countries from 1980 to 2010, the results of the paper suggest that social conflicts have a significant and negative impact on output in the short-term with the magnitude of the effect being a function of the intensity of political instability. The results also show that the recovery of output over the medium-term depends on the ability of the country to implement, in the aftermath of a social instability episode, reforms aimed at improving the level of governance. The results are robust to different checks and estimation strategies.

Author : Mr.Lorenzo E. Bernal-Verdugo,Davide Furceri,Mr.Dominique M. Guillaume
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484381687

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The Dynamic Effect of Social and Political Instability on Output by Mr.Lorenzo E. Bernal-Verdugo,Davide Furceri,Mr.Dominique M. Guillaume Pdf

The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamic effect of social and political instability on output. Using a panel of up to 183 countries from 1980 to 2010, the results of the paper suggest that social conflicts have a significant and negative impact on output in the short-term with the magnitude of the effect being a function of the intensity of political instability. The results also show that the recovery of output over the medium-term depends on the ability of the country to implement, in the aftermath of a social instability episode, reforms aimed at improving the level of governance. The results are robust to different checks and estimation strategies.

Author : Mr.Ari Aisen,Mr.Francisco José Veiga
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781455211906

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How Does Political Instability Affect Economic Growth? by Mr.Ari Aisen,Mr.Francisco José Veiga Pdf

The purpose of this paper is to empirically determine the effects of political instability on economic growth. Using the system-GMM estimator for linear dynamic panel data models on a sample covering up to 169 countries, and 5-year periods from 1960 to 2004, we find that higher degrees of political instability are associated with lower growth rates of GDP per capita. Regarding the channels of transmission, we find that political instability adversely affects growth by lowering the rates of productivity growth and, to a smaller degree, physical and human capital accumulation. Finally, economic freedom and ethnic homogeneity are beneficial to growth, while democracy may have a small negative effect.

Author : Mr.Alexei P Kireyev
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513511832

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Building Integrated Economies in West Africa by Mr.Alexei P Kireyev Pdf

The West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) has a long and varied history, and this book examines how the WAEMU can achieve its development and stability objectives, improve the livelihood of its people, and enhance the inclusiveness of its economic growth, all while preserving its financial stability, enhancing its competitiveness, and maintaining its current fixed exchange rates.

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-03-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475577600

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West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

This West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) IMF staff report focuses on common policies for member countries. The region continued to experience a strong upswing in 2013, and the immediate outlook is for further vigorous growth and moderate inflation. Delays in implementing reforms, at both the national and regional levels, are the principal medium-term risk. It highlights that with continued strong growth projected for the region, countries are encouraged to seek opportunities to strengthen fiscal sustainability while maintaining public investment efforts.

Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 75 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484319963

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Guinea-Bissau by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. Pdf

The staff report for the 2013 Article IV Consultation on Guinea-Bissau highlights the economic development and policies. Guinea-Bissau’s medium-term challenges are to diversify its economy, reduce widespread poverty, and generate employment opportunities. Recurrent internal conflicts have negatively affected economic growth, poverty reduction, and social advancement in Guinea-Bissau. The economic performance will depend critically on establishing a visibly inclusive political process while moving toward demobilization, and professionalization of the military forces. In the baseline, uncertainties about implementation of those conditions suggest scope for only a slow and weak recovery, leaving real per capita incomes below 2011 levels until at least 2016.

Author : Mr.Ayhan Kose,Mr.Prakash Loungani
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484322598

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IMF Research Bulletin June 2013 by Mr.Ayhan Kose,Mr.Prakash Loungani Pdf

The June issue of the IMF Research Bulletin looks at the role of IMF programs and capacity building in fostering structural reforms and the economics of Arab countries undergoing political transitions. The Q&A analyzes the neutral interest rate through the experiences of several Latin American countries. The Research Bulletin also includes its regular features: a listing of IMF Working Papers and Staff Discussion Notes, information on the forthcoming IMF Economic Review and the Fourteenth Jacques Polack Annual Research Conference, and recommended readings from IMF Publications.

Author : Alexander Kott,Gary Citrenbaum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781441962355

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Estimating Impact by Alexander Kott,Gary Citrenbaum Pdf

Sociological theories of crime include: theories of strain blame crime on personal stressors; theories of social learning blame crime on its social rewards, and see crime more as an institution in conflict with other institutions rather than as in- vidual deviance; and theories of control look at crime as natural and rewarding, and explore the formation of institutions that control crime. Theorists of corruption generally agree that corruption is an expression of the Patron–Client relationship in which a person with access to resources trades resources with kin and members of the community in exchange for loyalty. Some approaches to modeling crime and corruption do not involve an explicit simulation: rule based systems; Bayesian networks; game theoretic approaches, often based on rational choice theory; and Neoclassical Econometrics, a rational choice-based approach. Simulation-based approaches take into account greater complexities of interacting parts of social phenomena. These include fuzzy cognitive maps and fuzzy rule sets that may incorporate feedback; and agent-based simulation, which can go a step farther by computing new social structures not previously identified in theory. The latter include cognitive agent models, in which agents learn how to perceive their en- ronment and act upon the perceptions of their individual experiences; and reactive agent simulation, which, while less capable than cognitive-agent simulation, is adequate for testing a policy’s effects with existing societal structures. For example, NNL is a cognitive agent model based on the REPAST Simphony toolkit.

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Author : Mr.Rabah Arezki,Markus Bruckner
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781455221066

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Food Prices and Political Instability by Mr.Rabah Arezki,Markus Bruckner Pdf

We examine the effects that variations in the international food prices have on democracy and intra-state conflict using panel data for over 120 countries during the period 1970-2007. Our main finding is that in Low Income Countries increases in the international food prices lead to a significant deterioration of democratic institutions and a significant increase in the incidence of anti-government demonstrations, riots, and civil conflict. In the High Income Countries variations in the international food prices have no significant effects on democratic institutions and measures of intra-state conflict. Our empirical results point to a significant externality of variations in international food prices on Low Income Countries' social and political stability.

Author : Cem Işık,Asif Razzaq,Vishal Dagar
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832514344

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Economic development, social consequences, and technological innovation under climate change covid-19 pandemic conditions by Cem Işık,Asif Razzaq,Vishal Dagar Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309452960

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Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author : Adam Szirmai
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 760 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2005-01-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521817633

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The Dynamics of Socio-Economic Development by Adam Szirmai Pdf

Why are poor countries poor and rich countries rich? How are wealth and poverty related to changes in nutrition, health, life expectancy, education, population growth and politics? This modern, non-technical 2005 introduction to development studies explores the dynamics of socio-economic development and stagnation in developing countries. Taking a quantitative and comparative approach to contemporary debates within their broader context, Szirmai examines historical, institutional, demographic, sociological, political and cultural factors. Key chapters focus on economic growth, technological change, industrialisation, agricultural development, and consider social dimensions such as population growth, health and education. Each chapter contains comparative statistics on trends from a sample of twenty-nine developing countries. This rich statistical database allows students to strengthen their understanding of comparative development experiences. Assuming no prior knowledge of economics the book is suited for use in inter-disciplinary development studies programmes as well as economics courses, and will also interest practitioners pursuing careers in developing countries.

Author : Bret Lee Billet
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1412826640

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Investment Behavior of Multinational Corporations in Developing Areas by Bret Lee Billet Pdf

If political power is directly related to economic wealth, then multinational corporations are powerful actors in the international system. The sales of some are greater than the gross national product of some of the most economically advanced countries in the world. This book examines key political and economic factors that influence the behavior of multinationals when they decide where to make direct investments, as well as how their investment decisions affect the development process and policies in host countries. It also looks for discernible patterns in the behavior of multinationals that originate in different home countries. These include corporations from Development Assistance Committee (DAC) countries that are members of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Japan, and the United States.

Author : Deborah M. Figart,John Marangos
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317983323

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Living Standards and Social Well-Being by Deborah M. Figart,John Marangos Pdf

Too many of the world’s citizens face impoverished living standards. The economic and financial crises have made matters worse. The viewpoint of Living Standards and Social Well-Being is that the fundamental objective for an economy is provisioning, not simply efficiency. The chapters in this volume examine how economies across the globe come to understand what constitutes a living and how they can improve living standards, including balancing paid work with family life and civic responsibility. The authors provide historical, theoretical, and empirical studies of moving economies at the macro level and households at the micro level toward improved living standards. It is argued that achieving well-being and decent living standards, through work and welfare state policies, is a social responsibility. Such improvements could be delivered through basic income policies, family support, job guarantees, decent work, shorter work weeks, and support from social welfare. These issues are important for economics and the other social sciences and in particular for social economics. This book was published as a special issue of the Review of Social Economy.