The Ecology Of Natural Disturbance And Patch Dynamics

Author : Steward T.A. Pickett,P. S. White
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080504957

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The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics by Steward T.A. Pickett,P. S. White Pdf

Ecologists are aware of the importance of natural dynamics in ecosystems. Historically, the focus has been on the development in succession of equilibrium communities, which has generated an understanding of the composition and functioning of ecosystems. Recently, many have focused on the processes of disturbances and the evolutionary significance of such events. This shifted emphasis has inspired studies in diverse systems. The phrase "patch dynamics" (Thompson, 1978) describes their common focus. The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics brings together the findings and ideas of those studying varied systems, presenting a synthesis of diverse individual contributions.

Author : Erik A. Beever,Inger Suzanne Prange,Dominick A. DellaSala
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780429530494

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Disturbance Ecology and Biological Diversity by Erik A. Beever,Inger Suzanne Prange,Dominick A. DellaSala Pdf

This book presents cascading effects of ecological disturbances on a multitude of ecosystem components. It includes agricultural development, large infrequent disturbances, forest harvesting, non-native grazing in deserts, ground transportation, powerline corridors, fires, urban ecology, disturbance in aquatic ecosystems, land-use dynamics on diversity, habitat fragmentation, sedimentation of wetlands, and contemporary climate change. The book facilitates users in understanding why disturbances are occurring while recommending mitigation and remediation strategies.

Author : H. A. Mooney,M. Godron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642691379

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Disturbance and Ecosystems by H. A. Mooney,M. Godron Pdf

The earth's landscapes are being increasingly impacted by the activities of man. Unfortunately, we do not have a full understanding of the consequences of these disturbances on the earth's productive capacity. This problem was addressed by a group of French and U.S. ecologists who are specialists at levels of integration extending from genetics to the biosphere at a meeting at Stanford, California, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. With a few important exceptions it was found at this meeting that most man-induced disturbances of ecosystems can be viewed as large scale patterns of disturbances that have occurred, generally on a small scale, in ecosystems through evolutionary time. Man has induced dramatic large-scale changes in the environment which must be viewed at the biosphere level. Acid deposition and CO increase are two 2 examples of the consequences of man's increased utilization of fossil fuels. It is a matter of considerable concern that we cannot yet fully predict the ecological consequences of these environmental changes. Such problems must be addressed at the international level, yet substantive mechanisms to do this are not available.

Author : D.C. Glenn-Lewin,R.K. Peet,T.T. Veblen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1992-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 0412269007

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Plant Succession by D.C. Glenn-Lewin,R.K. Peet,T.T. Veblen Pdf

'Succession' is the term used to describe the phenomenon of changes in vegetational types in both time and space. The subject of the colonization and exploitation of 'new' areas by plants is a key one in ecology and this book summarizes the theoretical arguments currently raging about the topic.

Author : L.R. Walker
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 868 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1999-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080550843

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Ecosystems of Disturbed Ground by L.R. Walker Pdf

As the human population inexorably grows, its cumulative impact on the Earth's resources is hard to ignore. The ability of the Earth to support more humans is dependent on the ability of humans to manage natural resources wisely. Because disturbance alters resource levels, effective management requires understanding of the ecology of disturbance. This book is the first to take a global approach to the description of both natural and anthropogenic disturbance regimes that physically impact the ground. Natural disturbances such as erosion, volcanoes, wind, herbivory, flooding and drought plus anthropogenic disturbances such as foresty, grazing, mining, urbanization and military actions are considered. Both disturbance impacts and the biotic recovery are addressed as well as the interactions of different types of disturbance. Other chapters cover processes that are important to the understanding of disturbance of all types including soil processes, nutrient cycles, primary productivity, succession, animal behaviour and competition. Humans react to disturbances by avoiding, exacerbating, or restoring them or by passing environmental legislation. All of these issues are covered in this book. Managers need better predictive models and robust data-collections that help determine both site-specfic and generalized responses to disturbance. Multiple disturbances have a complex effect on both physical and biotic processes as they interact. This book provides a wealth of detail about the process of disturbance and recovery as well as a synthesis of the current state of knowledge about disturbance theory, with extensive documentation.

Author : C. Max Finlayson,Mark Everard,Kenneth Irvine,Robert J. McInnes,Beth A. Middleton,Anne A. van Dam,Nick C. Davidson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1546 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9048134935

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The Wetland Book by C. Max Finlayson,Mark Everard,Kenneth Irvine,Robert J. McInnes,Beth A. Middleton,Anne A. van Dam,Nick C. Davidson Pdf

In discussion with Ramsar’s Max Finlayson and Nick Davidson, and several members of the Society of Wetland Scientists, Springer is proposing the development of a new Encyclopedia of Wetlands, a comprehensive resource aimed at supporting the trans- and multidisciplinary research and practice which is inherent to this field. Aware both that wetlands research is on the rise and that researchers and students are often working or learning across several disciplines, we are proposing a readily accessible online and print reference which will be the first port of call on key concepts in wetlands science and management. This easy-to-follow reference will allow multidisciplinary teams and transdisciplinary individuals to look up terms, access further details, read overviews on key issues and navigate to key articles selected by experts.

Author : J. Goldammer
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034872560

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Tropical Forests in Transition by J. Goldammer Pdf

In evolutionary time scales natural disturbances have affected the vegetation on Earth. During the Quaternary the forest biomes of the tropics were subjected to manifold disturbances. Climate changes and climate oscillations were associated with changing precipitation and drought regimes, flooding, siltation, landslides, etc. The prehistorical forest was also influenced by the effects of large wildlife populations. Large-scale catastrophies in the forest biomes were mainly caused by abiotic environmental alterations, the small-scale disturbances were and still are related to both biotic and abiotic processes. Both the large-and the small-scale disturbances have played a significant role in shaping distribution, dynamics, structure and composition of the paleoforest. After the expansion of hominids and early humans, and later, by modern humans, the anthropogenic influences on the tropical forest began to overlap natural disturbances. Today's anthropogenic impacts on the tropical forests differ qualitatively and quanitatively from the natural disturbances. The speed of tropical deforestation and savannization is dramatically increasing. The physical and chemical impacts of forest conversion and biomass burning add to other anthropogenic influences on the atmosphere and climate. The expected anthropogenic climate change will also have considerable impacts on the tropical flora and fauna. The book on "Tropical Forests in Transition" synthesizes information on changing environmental conditions and human impacts on the tropical forest by looking back to the paleoecology, analyzing the impact of modern human populations and modeling the future of the tropical forest in a changing environment. The aim of the book is to strengthen multidisciplinary thinking in disturbance ecology.

Author : Monica G. Turner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461247425

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Landscape Heterogeneity and Disturbance by Monica G. Turner Pdf

Landscape pattern is generated by a variety of processes, including disturbances. In turn, the heterogeneity of the landscape may enhance or retard the spread of disturbance. The complex relationship between landscape pattern and disturbance is the subject of this book. It is designed to present an illustrative analysis of the topic, presenting the perspectives of several different disciplines. The book includes conceptual considerations, empirical studies, and management examples. Important features include: hypotheses about the spread of disturbance and the effects of scale changes in landscape studies; the multidisciplinary approach; and the explicit focus on the landscape level. The intended audience comprises graduate students, academics, and professionals interested in landscape ecology. The reader will receive a state-of-the-art treatment of a current topic in landscape ecology.

Author : Andrew J. Hansen,Francesco DiCastri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461228042

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Landscape Boundaries by Andrew J. Hansen,Francesco DiCastri Pdf

The emergence of landscape ecology during the 1980s represents an impor tant maturation of ecological theory. Once enamored with the conceptual beauty of well-balanced, homogeneous ecosystems, ecologists now assert that much of the essence of ecological systems lies in their lumpiness. Patches with differing properties and behaviors lie strewn across the land scape, products of the complex interactions of climate, disturbance, and biotic processes. It is the collective behavior of this patchwork of eco systems that drives pattern and process of the landscape. is not an end point This realization of the importance of patch dynamics in itself, however. Rather, it is a passage to a new conceptual framework, the internal workings of which remain obscure. The next tier of questions includes: What are the fundamental pieces that compose a landscape? How are these pieces bounded? To what extent do these boundaries influence communication and interaction among patches of the landscape? Will con sideration of the interactions among landscape elements help us to under stand the workings of landscapes? At the core of these questions lies the notion of the ecotone, a term with a lineage that even predates ecosystem. Late in the nineteenth century, F. E. Clements realized that the transition zones between plant communi ties had properties distinct from either of the adjacent communities. Not until the emergence of patch dynamics theory, however, has central signif icance of the ecotone concept become apparent.

Author : C. DeLong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Ecological disturbances
ISBN : MINN:31951D03419048W

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Land Units and Benchmarks for Developing Natural-disturbance Based Forest Management Guidance for Northeastern British Columbia by C. DeLong Pdf

"There has been a steady increase in the use of knowledge of natural disturbance dynamics as a basis for forest management policy directed towards maintaining biological diversity. While the merits of this approach are currently being debated, especially in light of climate change, knowledge of natural disturbance patterns provides useful baseline information to assist with landscape level planning and stand level forest practices. This document outlines an ecological land delineation process that focuses on differences in disturbance rate and pattern and successional dynamics for northeast British Columbia. It provides some general principles regarding natural disturbance-based management and, for each delineated unit, detailed information on location, climate, vegetation, natural disturbance dynamics, forest management effects on natural pattern, and recommended forest practices based on the natural disturbance-based management paradigm."--Document.

Author : Marjorie Holland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461596868

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Ecotones by Marjorie Holland Pdf

We live in a changing world; one in which there is much concern and discussion about the topics of global change, loss of biodiversity, and increasing threats to the sustainability of ecosystems. The effects these changes may have on the environment have lead governments and sCientists to make predictions as to how soon changes might occur, where, and with what impact for large and small regions of the Earth. Along with this concern for change in various regions has come the need to understand the role of boundaries between these regions and between landscape elements. Much previous ecological research has dealt with processes within relatively homogeneous landscape units or even the collective characteristics of a composite landscape. Now, however, there is an appreciation that abiotic and biotic components move across heterogeneous landscapes and that the boundaries between these units take on important control functions in this dynamic spatial system. Furthermore, landscape boundaries (or ecotones) are important not only in satisfying life-cycle needs of many organisms, but generally are characterized by high biological diversity.

Author : Paul Rogers
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Forest dynamics
ISBN : MINN:31951D03009653D

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Disturbance Ecology and Forest Management by Paul Rogers Pdf

Author : Timothy J.B. Boyle,Christopher E.B. Boyle
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642789749

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Biodiversity, Temperate Ecosystems, and Global Change by Timothy J.B. Boyle,Christopher E.B. Boyle Pdf

Reviewed here is the current state of knowledge concerning the relationship between global change and biodiversity of temperate ecosystems. The aim is to improve the ability to conserve biodiversity under conditions of global change. The book focuses on: - The threats posed by global change to biodiversity in temperate ecosystems; - Levels and spatial patterns of diversity in temperate ecosystems; - The impact of global change on genetic diversity; - The effects of disturbance (natural and anthropogenic) on temperate ecosystems; - Existing research priorities and programmes.

Author : Lee E. Frelich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2002-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139439336

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Forest Dynamics and Disturbance Regimes by Lee E. Frelich Pdf

Temperate-zone forests are being shaped continuously by wind, fire and grazing. This book considers these disturbances and consequent issues such as recovery from disturbance, the changing composition of tree species within the forest and the formation of mosaics of different forest types across the landscape.

Author : Simon A. Levin,Thomas M. Powell,John H. Steele
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642501555

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Patch Dynamics by Simon A. Levin,Thomas M. Powell,John H. Steele Pdf

From the preface by Joel E. Cohen: "A century from now humanity will live in a managed - or mismanaged - global garden. We are debating the need to preserve tropical forests. Farming of the sea is providing an increasing part of our fish supply. We are beginning to control atmospheric emissions. In 100 years, we shall use novel farming practices and genetic engineering of bacteria to manipulate the methane production of rice fields. The continental shelf will be providing food, energy, possibly even living space. To make such intensive management possible will require massive improvements in data collection and analysis, and especially in our concepts. A century hence we will live on a wired earth: the oceans and the crust of the earth will receive the same comprehensive monitoring now devoted to weather. As the peoples of currently developing countries increase their levels of wealth, the need for global management will become irresistible as impatience with the accidents of nature and intolerance of mismanagement of the environment - especially of living resources - grow. Our control of physical perturbations and chemical inputs to the environment will be judged by the consequences to living organisms and biological communities. How can we obtain the factual and theoretical foundation needed to move from our present, fragmented knowledge and limited abilities to a managed, global garden?" This problem was addressed in the lectures and workshops of a summer school on patch dynamics at Cornell University. The school emphasized the analysis and interpretation of spatial patterns in terrestrial and marine environments. This book contains the course material of this school, combining general reviews with specific applications.