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Author : Marco Vivarelli
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009806394
The impact of technical change on employment is investigated in this book which offers a critical appraisal of how current economic theory addresses this key policy issue.
Author : Richard Michael Cyert,David C. Mowery
Publisher : Ballinger Publishing Company
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105038491267
Job desplacement; The employment and labor market adjustment: evidence from the displaced worker surveys; Technological change and the extent of frictional and structural unemployment; The effects of technological change on skills and the distribution of earnings and income; Sectoral patterns of technology adoption; Trade, tax, and diffusion policy issues.
Author : Richard Michael Cyert,David C. Mowery,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Technology and Employment
Publisher : Washington, D.C. (2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington 20418) : National Academy Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : NAP:11429
This report addresses a number of issues that have surfaced in the debates over the impact of technological change on employment. These issues include the effects of technological change on levels of employment and unemployment within the economy; on the displacement of workers in specific industries or sectors of the economy; on skill requirements; on the welfare of women, minorities, and labor force entrants in a technologically transformed economy; and on the organization of the firm and the workplace. It concludes that technological change will contribute significantly to growth in employment opportunities and wages, although workers in specific occupations and industries may have to move among jobs and careers. Recommends initiatives and options to assist workers in making such transitions. ISBN 0-309-03744-1 (pbk.).
Author : Falk Urban
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 69 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783668114029
Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - Other, grade: 1,0, University of Paderborn, language: English, abstract: Technology as a Matter of Economic Interest A timeliness object of discussion since the first noteworthy appearance of economic literature has always been the construct of technological unemployment. The fear of people being put out of work by some machines really took off during the industrial revolution in the late 18th century owed to the invention of the steam machine, which eventually lead to the automation of the weaving craft. The economic interest in the relationship between new technology and its social impact is mostly based on the idea of increased productivity. If we consider a production function containing an arbitrary number of input factors, then given a certain amount of output, profits will decrease, if any of those inputs is becoming more expensive. In the course of time before human and property rights were installed, this have been most often the factors land and labor. Labor insofar, as it depended massively on the ability of keeping people healthy and well-nourished and also on the expected life span which was certainly lower, centuries ago. The United Kingdom was affected first and severest by the invention of the steam-engine. Ulrike Herrmann (2013) explains the necessity of this invention on the scarcity of labor due to the wars and famines plaguing the Europe of that era. This disruptive general purpose technology is the first encounter of employees with massive technological unemployment and the almost obliteration of certain professions, i. e. weavers.
Author : David H. Autor,David A. Mindell,Elisabeth Reynolds
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262547307
Why the United States lags behind other industrialized countries in sharing the benefits of innovation with workers and how we can remedy the problem. The United States has too many low-quality, low-wage jobs. Every country has its share, but those in the United States are especially poorly paid and often without benefits. Meanwhile, overall productivity increases steadily and new technology has transformed large parts of the economy, enhancing the skills and paychecks of higher paid knowledge workers. What’s wrong with this picture? Why have so many workers benefited so little from decades of growth? The Work of the Future shows that technology is neither the problem nor the solution. We can build better jobs if we create institutions that leverage technological innovation and also support workers though long cycles of technological transformation. Building on findings from the multiyear MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, the book argues that we must foster institutional innovations that complement technological change. Skills programs that emphasize work-based and hybrid learning (in person and online), for example, empower workers to become and remain productive in a continuously evolving workplace. Industries fueled by new technology that augments workers can supply good jobs, and federal investment in R&D can help make these industries worker-friendly. We must act to ensure that the labor market of the future offers benefits, opportunity, and a measure of economic security to all.
Author : Donald Leach,Howard Wagstaff,Anne-Marie Bostyn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105038015827
Study of the future impact of technological change on employment and its implications for postindustrial society - considers unemployment trends, and the potential of the industrial sector, service sector and public sector for employment creation; claims that economic growth and higher productivity will not ensure full employment; argues for a work attitude that dissociates income from work, and for employment policies, fiscal policies and subsidies to expand employment opportunity; draws examples from the UK. References, statistical tables.
Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309038874
Beginning by dispelling some of the myths about services, this provocative volume examines the growth in services, the way technology has shaped this growth, and the consequences for the American economy. Chapters discuss such topics as the effects of technology on employment patterns and wages, international trade in services, and the relationship between services and the traditional manufacturing industries.
Author : Marco Vivarelli
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Employees
ISBN : OCLC:652178517
Author : Ajay Agrawal,Joshua Gans,Avi Goldfarb,Catherine Tucker
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226833125
A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.
Author : Kevin LaGrandeur,James J. Hughes
Publisher : Springer
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319511658
This book examines the current state of the technologically-caused unemployed, and attempts to answer the question of how to proceed into an era beyond technological unemployment. Beginning with an overview of the most salient issues, the experts collected in this work present their own novel visions of the future and offer suggestions for adapting to a more symbiotic economic relationship with AI. These suggestions include different modes of dealing with education, aging workers, government policies, and the machines themselves. Ultimately, they lay out a whole new approach to economics, one in which we learn to merge with and adapt to our increasingly intelligent creations.
Author : United States. National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Government publications
ISBN : STANFORD:36105061220534
Author : Carl Benedikt Frey
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691210797
From the Industrial Revolution to the age of artificial intelligence, Carl Benedikt Frey offers a sweeping account of the history of technological progress and how it has radically shifted the distribution of economic and political power among society's members. As the author shows, the Industrial Revolution created unprecedented wealth and prosperity over the long run, but the immediate consequences of mechanization were devastating for large swaths of the population.These trends broadly mirror those in our current age of automation. But, just as the Industrial Revolution eventually brought about extraordinary benefits for society, artificial intelligence systems have the potential to do the same. Benedikt Frey demonstrates that in the midst of another technological revolution, the lessons of the past can help us to more effectively face the present. --From publisher description.
Author : Mark A. Dutz,Rita K. Almeida,Truman G. Packard
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-04-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781464812231
While adoption of new technologies is understood to enhance long-term growth and average per-capita incomes, its impact on lower-skilled workers is more complex and merits clarification. Concerns abound that advanced technologies developed in high-income countries would inexorably lead to job losses of lower-skilled, less well-off workers and exacerbate inequality. Conversely, there are countervailing concerns that policies intended to protect jobs from technology advancement would themselves stultify progress and depress productivity. This book squarely addresses both sets of concerns with new research showing that adoption of digital technologies offers a pathway to more inclusive growth by increasing adopting firms’ outputs, with the jobs-enhancing impact of technology adoption assisted by growth-enhancing policies that foster sizable output expansion. The research reported here demonstrates with economic theory and data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico that lower-skilled workers can benefit from adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies biased towards skilled workers, and often do. The inclusive jobs outcomes arise when the effects of increased productivity and expanding output overcome the substitution of workers for technology. While the substitution effect replaces some lower-skilled workers with new technology and more highly-skilled labor, the output effect can lead to an increase in the total number of jobs for less-skilled workers. Critically, output can increase sufficiently to increase jobs across all tasks and skill types within adopting firms, including jobs for lower-skilled workers, as long as lower-skilled task content remains complementary to new technologies and related occupations are not completely automated and replaced by machines. It is this channel for inclusive growth that underlies the power of pro-competitive enabling policies and institutions—such as regulations encouraging firms to compete and policies supporting the development of skills that technology augments rather than replaces—to ensure that the positive impact of technology adoption on productivity and lower-skilled workers is realized.
Author : Enrico Moretti
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780547750118
Makes correlations between success and geography, explaining how such rising centers of innovation as San Francisco and Austin are likely to offer influential opportunities and shape the national and global economies in positive or detrimental ways.
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464813566
Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.
