The Ethics Of Neuroscience And National Security

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The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security

Nicholas G. Evans
The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security Book PDF

Author : Nicholas G. Evans
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780429824142

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The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security by Nicholas G. Evans Pdf

New advances in neuroscience promise innovations in national security, especially in the areas of law enforcement, intelligence collection, and armed conflict. But ethical questions emerge about how we can, and should, use these innovations. This book draws on the open literature to map the development of neuroscience, particularly through funding by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, in certain areas like behavior prediction, behavior modification, and neuroenhancement, and its use in the creation of novel weapons. It shows how advances in neuroscience and new technologies raise ethical issues that challenge the norms of law enforcement, intelligence collection, and armed conflict, broadly grouped under the term "national security." Increasing technological sophistication without attention to ethics, this book argues, risks creating conditions for the development of "dual-use" technologies that may be prone to misuse, are grounded in an incomplete understanding of the brain, or are based on a limited view of the political contexts in which these technologies arise. A concluding section looks at policy and regulatory options that might promote the benefits of emerging neuroscience, while mitigating attendant risks. Key Features: First broad survey of the ethics of neuroscience as it applies to national security Innovative ethical analysis over a range of cross-cutting technologies including behavior prediction and modification tools, human enhancement, and novel lethal and nonlethal weapons Ethical analysis covering all stages from the development, testing, and use (or misuse) of these technologies; and decisions from the individual scientist to the nation state Strong policy focus at multiple levels, from self-governance to international regulation Combination of philosophical analysis with grounded, practical recommendations

The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security

Nicholas Evans
The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security Book PDF

Author : Nicholas Evans
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0429447256

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The Ethics of Neuroscience and National Security by Nicholas Evans Pdf

New advances in neuroscience promise innovations in national security, especially in the areas of law enforcement, intelligence collection, and armed conflict. But ethical questions emerge about how we can, and should, use these innovations. This book draws on the open literature to map the development of neuroscience, particularly through funding by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, in certain areas like behavior prediction, behavior modification, and neuroenhancement, and its use in the creation of novel weapons. It shows how advances in neuroscience and new technologies raise ethical issues that challenge the norms of law enforcement, intelligence collection, and armed conflict, broadly grouped under the term "national security." Increasing technological sophistication without attention to ethics, this book argues, risks creating conditions for the development of "dual-use" technologies that may be prone to misuse, are grounded in an incomplete understanding of the brain, or are based on a limited view of the political contexts in which these technologies arise. A concluding section looks at policy and regulatory options that might promote the benefits of emerging neuroscience, while mitigating attendant risks. Key Features: First broad survey of the ethics of neuroscience as it applies to national security Innovative ethical analysis over a range of cross-cutting technologies including behavior prediction and modification tools, human enhancement, and novel lethal and nonlethal weapons Ethical analysis covering all stages from the development, testing, and use (or misuse) of these technologies; and decisions from the individual scientist to the nation state Strong policy focus at multiple levels, from self-governance to international regulation Combination of philosophical analysis with grounded, practical recommendations

Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense

James Giordano
Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense Book PDF

Author : James Giordano
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781482228342

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Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense by James Giordano Pdf

Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense: Practical Considerations, Neuroethical Concerns is the second volume in the Advances in Neurotechnology series. It specifically addresses the neuroethical, legal, and social issues arising from the use of neurotechnology in national security and defense agendas and applications. Of particular concer

Neurotechnology

James Giordano
Neurotechnology Book PDF

Author : James Giordano
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781439825860

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Neurotechnology by James Giordano Pdf

New technologies that allow us to investigate mechanisms and functions of the brain have shown considerable promise in treating brain disease and injury. These emerging technologies also provide a means to assess and manipulate human consciousness, cognitions, emotions, and behaviors, bringing with them the potential to transform society. Neurotechnology: Premises, Potential, and Problems explores the technical, moral, legal, and sociopolitical issues that arise in and from today’s applications of neuroscience and technology and discusses their implications for the future. Some of the issues raised in this thought-provoking volume include: Neurotechnology in education: an enablement, a treatment, or an enhancement? The potential and limitations of neuroimaging technology in determining patient prognoses Tissue implantation technology as a way of engendering personalized medicine Neuroprostheses: restoration of functions of the disabled vs. enhancement to transhuman capabilities Deep brain stimulation and its use in restoring, preserving, or changing patients’ personal identity The benefit and risk of cognitive performance tools Cyborg technology and its potential to change our vision of humanity Methodologies for reducing the risk of neurotechnology’s impact on ethical, legal, and social issues With contributions from an international group of experts working on the cutting edge of neurotechnology, this volume lays the groundwork to appreciate the ethical, legal, and social aspects of the science in ways that keep pace with this rapidly progressing field.

The Applied Ethics of Emerging Military and Security Technologies

Braden R. Allenby
The Applied Ethics of Emerging Military and Security Technologies Book PDF

Author : Braden R. Allenby
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351894821

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The Applied Ethics of Emerging Military and Security Technologies by Braden R. Allenby Pdf

The essays in this volume illustrate the difficult real world ethical questions and issues arising from accelerating technological change in the military and security domains, and place those challenges in the context of rapidly shifting geopolitical and strategic frameworks. Specific technologies such as autonomous robotic systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, cybersecurity and cyberconflict, and biotechnology are highlighted, but the essays are chosen so that the broader implications of fundamental systemic change are identified and addressed. Additionally, an important consideration with many of these technologies is that even if they are initially designed and intended for military or security applications, they inevitably spread to civil society, where their application may raise very different ethical questions around such core values as privacy, security from criminal behaviour, and state police power. Accordingly, this volume is of interest to students of military or security domains, as well as to those interested in technology and society, and the philosophy of technology.

National Security Intelligence and Ethics

Seamus Miller,Milton Regan,Patrick F. Walsh
National Security Intelligence and Ethics Book PDF

Author : Seamus Miller,Milton Regan,Patrick F. Walsh
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1003164196

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National Security Intelligence and Ethics by Seamus Miller,Milton Regan,Patrick F. Walsh Pdf

"This volume examines the ethical issues that arise as a result of national security intelligence collection and analysis. Powerful new technologies enable the collection, communication, and analysis of national security data on an unprecedented scale. Data collection now plays a central role in intelligence practice, yet this development raises a host of ethical and national security problems, such as: privacy; autonomy; threats to national security and democracy by foreign states; and accountability for liberal democracies. This volume provides a comprehensive set of in-depth ethical analyses of these problems by combining contributions from both ethics scholars and intelligence practitioners. It provides the reader with a practical understanding of relevant operations, the issues that they raise, and analysis of how responses to these issues can be informed by a commitment to liberal democratic values. This combination of perspectives is crucial in providing an informed appreciation of ethical challenges that is also grounded in the realities of the practice of intelligence. This book will be of great interest to all students of intelligence studies, ethics, security studies, foreign policy, and International Relations"--

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience

John Bickle
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience Book PDF

Author : John Bickle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199719501

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The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience by John Bickle Pdf

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Neuroscience is a state-of-the-art collection of interdisciplinary research spanning philosophy (of science, mind, and ethics) and current neuroscience. Containing chapters written by some of the most prominent philosophers working in this area, and in some cases co-authored with neuroscientists, this volume reflects both the breadth and depth of current work in this exciting field. Topics include the nature of explanation in neuroscience; whether and how current neuroscience is reductionistic; consequences of current research on the neurobiology of learning and memory, perception and sensation, neurocomputational modeling, and neuroanatomy; the burgeoning field of neuroethics and the neurobiology of motivation that increasingly informs it; implications from neurology and clinical neuropsychology, especially in light of some bizarre symptoms involving misrepresentations of self; the extent and consequences of multiple realization in actual neuroscience; the new field of neuroeudamonia; and the neurophilosophy of subjectivity. This volume will interest philosophers working in numerous fields who wish to see how current neuroscience is being brought to bear directly on philosophical issues. It will also be of interest to neuroscientists who wish to learn how the research programs of some of their colleagues are being enriched by interaction with philosophers, and finally to those working in any interdisciplinary field who wish to see how two seemingly disparate disciplines--one traditional and humanistic, the other new and scientific--are being brought together to both disciplines' mutual benefit.

Neuroscience perspectives on Security: Technology, Detection, and Decision Making

Elena Rusconi,Kenneth C. Scott-Brown,Andrea Szymkowiak
Neuroscience perspectives on Security Technology Detection and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Elena Rusconi,Kenneth C. Scott-Brown,Andrea Szymkowiak
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-03
Category : Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
ISBN : 9782889196005

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Neuroscience perspectives on Security: Technology, Detection, and Decision Making by Elena Rusconi,Kenneth C. Scott-Brown,Andrea Szymkowiak Pdf

In security science, efficient operation depends typically on the interaction between technology, human and machine detection and human and machine decision making. A perfect example of this interplay is ‘gatekeeping’, which is aimed to prevent the passage of people and objects that represent known threats from one end to the other end of an access point. Gatekeeping is most often achieved via visual inspections, mass screening, random sample probing and/or more targeted controls on attempted passages at points of entry. Points of entry may be physical (e.g. national borders) or virtual (e.g. connection log-ons). Who and what are defined as security threats and the resources available to gatekeepers determine the type of checks and technologies that are put in place to ensure appropriate access control. More often than not, the net performance of technology-aided screening and authentication systems ultimately depends on the characteristics of human operators. Assessing cognitive, affective, behavioural, perceptual and brain processes that may affect gatekeepers while undertaking this task is fundamental. On the other hand, assessing the same processes in those individuals who try to breach access to secure systems (e.g. hackers), and try to cheat controls (e.g. smugglers) is equally fundamental and challenging. From a security standpoint it is vital to be able to anticipate, focus on and correctly interpret the signals connected with such attempts to breach access and/or elude controls, in order to be proactive and to enact appropriate responses. Knowing cognitive, behavioral, social and neural constraints that may affect the security enterprise will undoubtedly result in a more effective deployment of existing human and technological resources. Studying how inter-observer variability, human factors and biology may affect the security agenda, and the usability of existing security technologies, is of great economic and policy interest. In addition, brain sciences may suggest the possibility of novel methods of surveillance and intelligence gathering. This is just one example of a typical security issue that may be fruitfully tackled from a neuroscientific and interdisciplinary perspective. The objective of our Research Topic was to document across relevant disciplines some of the most recent developments, ideas, methods and empirical findings that have the potential to expand our knowledge of the human factors involved in the security process. To this end we welcomed empirical contributions using different methodologies such as those applied in human cognitive neuroscience, biometrics and ethology. We also accepted original theoretical contributions, in the form of review articles, perspectives or opinion papers on this topic. The submissions brought together researchers from different backgrounds to discuss topics which have scientific, applicative and social relevance.

Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense

James Giordano
Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense Book PDF

Author : James Giordano
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781482228335

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Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense by James Giordano Pdf

Neurotechnology in National Security and Defense: Practical Considerations, Neuroethical Concerns is the second volume in the Advances in Neurotechnology series. It specifically addresses the neuroethical, legal, and social issues arising from the use of neurotechnology in national security and defense agendas and applications. Of particular concern are the use of various neurotechnologies in military and intelligence operations training, acquisition of neurobiological and cognitive data for intelligence and security, military medical operations, warfighter performance augmentation, and weaponization of neuroscience and neurotechnology. The contributors discuss the neuroethical questions and problems that these applications generate as well as potential solutions that may be required and developed. The book examines how developments in neurotechnology in national security and defense agendas are impacted by and affect ethical values and constructs, legal considerations, and overall conduct of the social sphere. Presenting an integrative perspective, leading international experts lay the scientific groundwork and establish the premises necessary to appreciate the ethical aspects of neurotechnology in national security and defense. It is not a question of "if" neurotechnology will be used in such ways, but when, how, and to what extent. Therefore, it is imperative to foster a deeper understanding of neurotechnology, the problems and debates arising from its use in national security and defense, and how such issues can and should be addressed. In doing so, we can guide and govern the use of these innovative neurotechnologies in ways that uphold ethical accountability.

Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies

National Research Council,Division on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Standing Committee for Technology Insight--Gauge, Evaluate, and Review,Committee on Military and Intelligence Methodology for Emergent Neurophysiological and Cognitive/Neural Science Research in the Next Two Decades
Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Standing Committee for Technology Insight--Gauge, Evaluate, and Review,Committee on Military and Intelligence Methodology for Emergent Neurophysiological and Cognitive/Neural Science Research in the Next Two Decades
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2008-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309118941

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Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies by National Research Council,Division on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Standing Committee for Technology Insight--Gauge, Evaluate, and Review,Committee on Military and Intelligence Methodology for Emergent Neurophysiological and Cognitive/Neural Science Research in the Next Two Decades Pdf

Emerging Cognitive Neuroscience and Related Technologies, from the National Research Council, identifies and explores several specific research areas that have implications for U.S. national security, and should therefore be monitored consistently by the intelligence community. These areas include: neurophysiological advances in detecting and measuring indicators of psychological states and intentions of individuals the development of drugs or technologies that can alter human physical or cognitive abilities advances in real-time brain imaging breakthroughs in high-performance computing and neuronal modeling that could allow researchers to develop systems which mimic functions of the human brain, particularly the ability to organize disparate forms of data. As these fields continue to grow, it will be imperative that the intelligence community be able to identify scientific advances relevant to national security when they occur. To do so will require adequate funding, intelligence analysts with advanced training in science and technology, and increased collaboration with the scientific community, particularly academia. A key tool for the intelligence community, this book will also be a useful resource for the health industry, the military, and others with a vested interest in technologies such as brain imaging and cognitive or physical enhancers.

The Oxford Handbook of International Psychological Ethics

Mark M. Leach,Michael J. Stevens,Geoff Lindsay,Yesim Korkut,Andrea Ferrero
The Oxford Handbook of International Psychological Ethics Book PDF

Author : Mark M. Leach,Michael J. Stevens,Geoff Lindsay,Yesim Korkut,Andrea Ferrero
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-08-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199739165

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The Oxford Handbook of International Psychological Ethics by Mark M. Leach,Michael J. Stevens,Geoff Lindsay,Yesim Korkut,Andrea Ferrero Pdf

The Oxford Handbook of International Psychological Ethics is the much-needed comprehensive source of information on psychological ethics from an international perspective. This volume presents cutting-edge research and findings related to recent, current, and future international developments and issues related to psychological ethics.

Mind Wars

Jonathan D. Moreno
Mind Wars Book PDF

Author : Jonathan D. Moreno
Publisher : Bellevue Literary Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781934137505

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Mind Wars by Jonathan D. Moreno Pdf

“One of the most important thinkers describes the literally mind-boggling possibilities that modern brain science could present for national security.” —LAWRENCE J. KORB, former US Assistant Secretary of Defense “Fascinating and frightening.” —Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists The first book of its kind, Mind Wars covers the ethical dilemmas and bizarre history of cutting-edge technology and neuroscience developed for military applications. As the author discusses the innovative Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the role of the intelligence community and countless university science departments in preparing the military and intelligence services for the twenty-first century, he also charts the future of national security. Fully updated and revised, this edition features new material on deep brain stimulation, neuro hormones, and enhanced interrogation. With in-depth discussions of “psyops” mind control experiments, drugs that erase both fear and the need to sleep, microchip brain implants and advanced prosthetics, supersoldiers and robot armies, Mind Wars may read like science fiction or the latest conspiracy thriller, but its subjects are very real and changing the course of modern warfare. Jonathan D. Moreno has been a senior staff member for three presidential advisory commissions and has served on a number of Pentagon advisory committees. He is an ethics professor at the University of Pennsylvania and the editor-in-chief of the Center for American Progress’ online magazine Science Progress.

Ethics Challenges in Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology Practice

Ezra E. Griffith
Ethics Challenges in Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology Practice Book PDF

Author : Ezra E. Griffith
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780231544849

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Ethics Challenges in Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology Practice by Ezra E. Griffith Pdf

Forensic psychiatry and psychology involve specialized practice with unique patients, including children, the incarcerated, and involuntary clients, presenting practitioners with specific ethics challenges. In this volume, Ezra E. H. Griffith offers a selection of engaging essays that guide practicing forensic specialists through particular situations that often result in ethics dilemmas. In chapters covering topics such as forensic practice and critical feminist theory, neuroethics in court, work with asylum applicants, and ethics problems presented by the internet, the contributors demonstrate methods to help practitioners resolve problems that they are likely to encounter in forensic practice. The concentrated focus on thinking through ethics quandaries encourages forensic practitioners to reflect regularly on the ethics dimensions of their work and provides them with the tools to create ethics-based solutions that are transparent and understandable and best serve their clients. This essential book provides a roadmap for specialists in these evolving fields to recognize dilemmas through reflection and consideration, thoughtfully articulate the problems, and create solutions.

The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics

Anna C. Mastroianni,Jeffrey P. Kahn,Nancy E. Kass
The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics Book PDF

Author : Anna C. Mastroianni,Jeffrey P. Kahn,Nancy E. Kass
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 992 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190245214

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The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics by Anna C. Mastroianni,Jeffrey P. Kahn,Nancy E. Kass Pdf

Natural disasters and cholera outbreaks. Ebola, SARS, and concerns over pandemic flu. HIV and AIDS. E. coli outbreaks from contaminated produce and fast foods. Threats of bioterrorism. Contamination of compounded drugs. Vaccination refusals and outbreaks of preventable diseases. These are just some of the headlines from the last 30-plus years highlighting the essential roles and responsibilities of public health, all of which come with ethical issues and the responsibilities they create. Public health has achieved extraordinary successes. And yet these successes also bring with them ethical tension. Not all public health successes are equally distributed in the population; extraordinary health disparities between rich and poor still exist. The most successful public health programs sometimes rely on policies that, while improving public health conditions, also limit individual rights. Public health practitioners and policymakers face these and other questions of ethics routinely in their work, and they must navigate their sometimes competing responsibilities to the health of the public with other important societal values such as privacy, autonomy, and prevailing cultural norms. This Oxford Handbook provides a sweeping and comprehensive review of the current state of public health ethics, addressing these and numerous other questions. Taking account of the wide range of topics under the umbrella of public health and the ethical issues raised by them, this volume is organized into fifteen sections. It begins with two sections that discuss the conceptual foundations, ethical tensions, and ethical frameworks of and for public health and how public health does its work. The thirteen sections that follow examine the application of public health ethics considerations and approaches across a broad range of public health topics. While chapters are organized into topical sections, each chapter is designed to serve as a standalone contribution. The book includes 73 chapters covering many topics from varying perspectives, a recognition of the diversity of the issues that define public health ethics in the U.S. and globally. This Handbook is an authoritative and indispensable guide to the state of public health ethics today.

The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics

Tom L. Beauchamp,R.G. Frey
The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics Book PDF

Author : Tom L. Beauchamp,R.G. Frey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 997 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780195371963

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The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics by Tom L. Beauchamp,R.G. Frey Pdf

Edited by Tom L. Beauchamp and R.G. Frey.