The Foundations Of Computability Theory

Author : Borut Robič
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783662624210

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The Foundations of Computability Theory by Borut Robič Pdf

This book offers an original and informative view of the development of fundamental concepts of computability theory. The treatment is put into historical context, emphasizing the motivation for ideas as well as their logical and formal development. In Part I the author introduces computability theory, with chapters on the foundational crisis of mathematics in the early twentieth century, and formalism. In Part II he explains classical computability theory, with chapters on the quest for formalization, the Turing Machine, and early successes such as defining incomputable problems, c.e. (computably enumerable) sets, and developing methods for proving incomputability. In Part III he explains relative computability, with chapters on computation with external help, degrees of unsolvability, the Turing hierarchy of unsolvability, the class of degrees of unsolvability, c.e. degrees and the priority method, and the arithmetical hierarchy. Finally, in the new Part IV the author revisits the computability (Church-Turing) thesis in greater detail. He offers a systematic and detailed account of its origins, evolution, and meaning, he describes more powerful, modern versions of the thesis, and he discusses recent speculative proposals for new computing paradigms such as hypercomputing. This is a gentle introduction from the origins of computability theory up to current research, and it will be of value as a textbook and guide for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the domains of computability theory and theoretical computer science. This new edition is completely revised, with almost one hundred pages of new material. In particular the author applied more up-to-date, more consistent terminology, and he addressed some notational redundancies and minor errors. He developed a glossary relating to computability theory, expanded the bibliographic references with new entries, and added the new part described above and other new sections.

Author : Carol Critchlow,David Eck
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Computer science
ISBN : OCLC:1148175537

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Foundations of Computation \ by Carol Critchlow,David Eck Pdf

Author : Robert I. Soare
Publisher : Springer
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642319334

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Turing Computability by Robert I. Soare Pdf

Turing's famous 1936 paper introduced a formal definition of a computing machine, a Turing machine. This model led to both the development of actual computers and to computability theory, the study of what machines can and cannot compute. This book presents classical computability theory from Turing and Post to current results and methods, and their use in studying the information content of algebraic structures, models, and their relation to Peano arithmetic. The author presents the subject as an art to be practiced, and an art in the aesthetic sense of inherent beauty which all mathematicians recognize in their subject. Part I gives a thorough development of the foundations of computability, from the definition of Turing machines up to finite injury priority arguments. Key topics include relative computability, and computably enumerable sets, those which can be effectively listed but not necessarily effectively decided, such as the theorems of Peano arithmetic. Part II includes the study of computably open and closed sets of reals and basis and nonbasis theorems for effectively closed sets. Part III covers minimal Turing degrees. Part IV is an introduction to games and their use in proving theorems. Finally, Part V offers a short history of computability theory. The author has honed the content over decades according to feedback from students, lecturers, and researchers around the world. Most chapters include exercises, and the material is carefully structured according to importance and difficulty. The book is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in computer science and mathematics and researchers engaged with computability and mathematical logic.

Author : Steven Homer,Alan L. Selman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461406815

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Computability and Complexity Theory by Steven Homer,Alan L. Selman Pdf

This revised and extensively expanded edition of Computability and Complexity Theory comprises essential materials that are core knowledge in the theory of computation. The book is self-contained, with a preliminary chapter describing key mathematical concepts and notations. Subsequent chapters move from the qualitative aspects of classical computability theory to the quantitative aspects of complexity theory. Dedicated chapters on undecidability, NP-completeness, and relative computability focus on the limitations of computability and the distinctions between feasible and intractable. Substantial new content in this edition includes: a chapter on nonuniformity studying Boolean circuits, advice classes and the important result of Karp─Lipton. a chapter studying properties of the fundamental probabilistic complexity classes a study of the alternating Turing machine and uniform circuit classes. an introduction of counting classes, proving the famous results of Valiant and Vazirani and of Toda a thorough treatment of the proof that IP is identical to PSPACE With its accessibility and well-devised organization, this text/reference is an excellent resource and guide for those looking to develop a solid grounding in the theory of computing. Beginning graduates, advanced undergraduates, and professionals involved in theoretical computer science, complexity theory, and computability will find the book an essential and practical learning tool. Topics and features: Concise, focused materials cover the most fundamental concepts and results in the field of modern complexity theory, including the theory of NP-completeness, NP-hardness, the polynomial hierarchy, and complete problems for other complexity classes Contains information that otherwise exists only in research literature and presents it in a unified, simplified manner Provides key mathematical background information, including sections on logic and number theory and algebra Supported by numerous exercises and supplementary problems for reinforcement and self-study purposes

Author : Neil D. Jones
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262100649

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Computability and Complexity by Neil D. Jones Pdf

Computability and complexity theory should be of central concern to practitioners as well as theorists. Unfortunately, however, the field is known for its impenetrability. Neil Jones's goal as an educator and author is to build a bridge between computability and complexity theory and other areas of computer science, especially programming. In a shift away from the Turing machine- and G�del number-oriented classical approaches, Jones uses concepts familiar from programming languages to make computability and complexity more accessible to computer scientists and more applicable to practical programming problems. According to Jones, the fields of computability and complexity theory, as well as programming languages and semantics, have a great deal to offer each other. Computability and complexity theory have a breadth, depth, and generality not often seen in programming languages. The programming language community, meanwhile, has a firm grasp of algorithm design, presentation, and implementation. In addition, programming languages sometimes provide computational models that are more realistic in certain crucial aspects than traditional models. New results in the book include a proof that constant time factors do matter for its programming-oriented model of computation. (In contrast, Turing machines have a counterintuitive "constant speedup" property: that almost any program can be made to run faster, by any amount. Its proof involves techniques irrelevant to practice.) Further results include simple characterizations in programming terms of the central complexity classes PTIME and LOGSPACE, and a new approach to complete problems for NLOGSPACE, PTIME, NPTIME, and PSPACE, uniformly based on Boolean programs. Foundations of Computing series

Author : E. Börger
Publisher : North Holland
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1989-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : UCAL:B4502346

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Computability, Complexity, Logic by E. Börger Pdf

The theme of this book is formed by a pair of concepts: the concept of formal language as carrier of the precise expression of meaning, facts and problems, and the concept of algorithm or calculus, i.e. a formally operating procedure for the solution of precisely described questions and problems. The book is a unified introduction to the modern theory of these concepts, to the way in which they developed first in mathematical logic and computability theory and later in automata theory, and to the theory of formal languages and complexity theory. Apart from considering the fundamental themes and classical aspects of these areas, the subject matter has been selected to give priority throughout to the new aspects of traditional questions, results and methods which have developed from the needs or knowledge of computer science and particularly of complexity theory. It is both a textbook for introductory courses in the above-mentioned disciplines as well as a monograph in which further results of new research are systematically presented and where an attempt is made to make explicit the connections and analogies between a variety of concepts and constructions.

Author : Richard L. Epstein
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1989-11-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0534103561

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Computability : Computable Functions Logic and the Foundations of Math by Richard L. Epstein Pdf

An introduction to recursion theory and particularly to the theory of computing, including fourteen readings by Hilbert, Godel, Turing, Post, Church, and others along with a discussion of issues such as self-reference and infinite sets. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author : A. Sernadas,Cristina Sernadas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Computational complexity
ISBN : 1904987885

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Foundations of Logic and Theory of Computation by A. Sernadas,Cristina Sernadas Pdf

The book provides a self-contained introduction to mathematical logic and computability theory for students of mathematics or computer science. It is organized around the failures and successes of Hilbert's programme for the formalization of Mathematics. It is widely known that the programme failed with Gödel's incompleteness theorems and related negative results about arithmetic. Unfortunately, the positive outcomes of the programme are less well known, even among mathematicians. The book covers key successes, like Gödel's proof of the completeness of first-order logic, Gentzen's proof of its consistency by purely symbolic means, and the decidability of a couple of useful theories. The book also tries to convey the message that Hilbert's programme made a significant contribution to the advent of the computer as it is nowadays understood and, thus, to the latest industrial revolution. Part I of the book addresses Hilbert's programme and computability. Part II presents first-order logic, including Gödel's completeness theorem and Gentzen's consistency theorem. Part III is focused on arithmetic, representability of computable maps, Gödel's incompleteness theorems and decidability of Presburger arithmetic. Part IV provides detailed answers to selected exercises. The book can be used at late undergraduate level or early graduate level. An undergraduate course would concentrate on Parts I and II, leaving out the Gentzen calculus, and sketching the way to the 1st incompleteness theorem. A more advanced course might skip early material already known to the students and concentrate on the positive and negative results of Hilbert's programme, thus covering Gentzen's proof of consistency and Part III in full.

Author : Leszek Antoni Gąsieniec,Jesper Jansson,Christos Levcopoulos
Publisher : Springer
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030250270

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Fundamentals of Computation Theory by Leszek Antoni Gąsieniec,Jesper Jansson,Christos Levcopoulos Pdf

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Symposium on Fundamentals of Computation Theory, FCT 2019, held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in August 2019. The 21 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 submissions. In addition, the book contains 3 invited talks in full-paper length. The papers were organized in topical sections named: formal methods, complexity, and algorithms.

Author : Akeo Adachi
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 4274021904

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Foundations of Computation Theory by Akeo Adachi Pdf

Author : Maribel Fernandez
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781848824348

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Models of Computation by Maribel Fernandez Pdf

A Concise Introduction to Computation Models and Computability Theory provides an introduction to the essential concepts in computability, using several models of computation, from the standard Turing Machines and Recursive Functions, to the modern computation models inspired by quantum physics. An in-depth analysis of the basic concepts underlying each model of computation is provided. Divided into two parts, the first highlights the traditional computation models used in the first studies on computability: - Automata and Turing Machines; - Recursive functions and the Lambda-Calculus; - Logic-based computation models. and the second part covers object-oriented and interaction-based models. There is also a chapter on concurrency, and a final chapter on emergent computation models inspired by quantum mechanics. At the end of each chapter there is a discussion on the use of computation models in the design of programming languages.

Author : Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401011389

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Logic, Foundations of Mathematics, and Computability Theory by Robert E. Butts,Jaakko Hintikka Pdf

The Fifth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held at the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, 27 August to 2 September 1975. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, and was sponsored by the National Research Council of Canada and the University of Western Ontario. As those associated closely with the work of the Division over the years know well, the work undertaken by its members varies greatly and spans a number of fields not always obviously related. In addition, the volume of work done by first rate scholars and scientists in the various fields of the Division has risen enormously. For these and related reasons it seemed to the editors chosen by the Divisional officers that the usual format of publishing the proceedings of the Congress be abandoned in favour of a somewhat more flexible, and hopefully acceptable, method of pre sentation. Accordingly, the work of the invited participants to the Congress has been divided into four volumes appearing in the University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science. The volumes are entitled, Logic, Foundations of Mathematics and Computability Theory, Foun dational Problems in the Special Sciences, Basic Problems in Methodol ogy and Linguistics, and Historical and Philosophical Dimensions of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science.

Author : Richard L. Epstein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Computable functions
ISBN : 049502886X

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Computability by Richard L. Epstein Pdf

Author : Eugenio G. Omodeo,Alberto Policriti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319418421

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Martin Davis on Computability, Computational Logic, and Mathematical Foundations by Eugenio G. Omodeo,Alberto Policriti Pdf

This book presents a set of historical recollections on the work of Martin Davis and his role in advancing our understanding of the connections between logic, computing, and unsolvability. The individual contributions touch on most of the core aspects of Davis’ work and set it in a contemporary context. They analyse, discuss and develop many of the ideas and concepts that Davis put forward, including such issues as contemporary satisfiability solvers, essential unification, quantum computing and generalisations of Hilbert’s tenth problem. The book starts out with a scientific autobiography by Davis, and ends with his responses to comments included in the contributions. In addition, it includes two previously unpublished original historical papers in which Davis and Putnam investigate the decidable and the undecidable side of Logic, as well as a full bibliography of Davis’ work. As a whole, this book shows how Davis’ scientific work lies at the intersection of computability, theoretical computer science, foundations of mathematics, and philosophy, and draws its unifying vision from his deep involvement in Logic.

Author : Kumaraswamy Velupillai
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0198295278

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Computable Economics by Kumaraswamy Velupillai Pdf

In the field of economic analysis, computability in the formation of economic hypotheses is seen as the way forward. In this book, Professor Velupillai implements a theoretical research program along these lines. Choice theory, learning rational expectations equlibria, the persistence of adaptive behavior, arithmetical games, aspects of production theory, and economic dynamics are given recursion theoretic (i.e. computable) interpretations.