The Foundations Of Scientific Inference

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The Foundations of Scientific Inference

Author : Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822982944

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The Foundations of Scientific Inference by Wesley C. Salmon Pdf

After its publication in 1967, The Foundations of Scientific Inference taught a generation of students and researchers about the problem of induction, the interpretation of probability, and confirmation theory. Fifty years later, Wesley C. Salmon’s book remains one of the clearest introductions to these fundamental problems in the philosophy of science. With The Foundations of Scientific Inference, Salmon presented a coherent vision of the nature of scientific reasoning, explored the philosophical underpinnings of scientific investigation, and introduced readers to key movements in epistemology and to leading philosophers of the twentieth century—such as Karl Popper, Rudolf Carnap, and Hans Reichenbach—offering a critical assessment and developing his own distinctive views on topics that are still of central importance today. This anniversary edition of Salmon’s foundational work in the philosophy of science features a detailed introduction by Christopher Hitchcock, which examines the book’s origins, influences, and major themes, its impact and enduring effects, the disputes it raised, and its place in current studies, revisiting Salmon’s ideas for a new audience of philosophers, historians, scientists, and students.

The Foundations of Scientific Inference

Author : Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Science
ISBN : OCLC:213800382

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The Foundations of Scientific Inference by Wesley C. Salmon Pdf

The Foundations of Scientific Inference

Author : Wesley Salmon
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1967-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780822971252

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The Foundations of Scientific Inference by Wesley Salmon Pdf

Not since Ernest Nagel’s 1939 monograph on the theory of probability has there been a comprehensive elementary survey of the philosophical problems of probablity and induction. This is an authoritative and up-to-date treatment of the subject, and yet it is relatively brief and nontechnical. Hume’s skeptical arguments regarding the justification of induction are taken as a point of departure, and a variety of traditional and contemporary ways of dealing with this problem are considered. The author then sets forth his own criteria of adequacy for interpretations of probability. Utilizing these criteria he analyzes contemporary theories of probability, as well as the older classical and subjective interpretations.

Foundations of Inference in Natural Science

Author : J O Wisdom
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135027865

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Foundations of Inference in Natural Science by J O Wisdom Pdf

Originally published in 1952. This book is a critical survey of the views of scientific inference that have been developed since the end of World War I. It contains some detailed exposition of ideas – notably of Keynes – that were cryptically put forward, often quoted, but nowhere explained. Part I discusses and illustrates the method of hypothesis. Part II concerns induction. Part III considers aspects of the theory of probability that seem to bear on the problem of induction and Part IV outlines the shape of this problem and its solution take if transformed by the present approach.

Scientific Inference

Author : Harold Jeffreys
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1937
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:$B190520

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Scientific Inference by Harold Jeffreys Pdf

The Structure of Scientific Inference

Author : Mary Hesse
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-05-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780520359871

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The Structure of Scientific Inference by Mary Hesse Pdf

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1974.

Foundations and Philosophy of Epistemic Applications of Probability Theory

Author : W.L. Harper,Cliff Hooker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Gardening
ISBN : 9027706174

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Foundations and Philosophy of Epistemic Applications of Probability Theory by W.L. Harper,Cliff Hooker Pdf

Proceedings of an International Research Colloquium held at the University of Western Ontario, 10-13 May 1973.

Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World

Author : Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691221489

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Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World by Wesley C. Salmon Pdf

The philosophical theory of scientific explanation proposed here involves a radically new treatment of causality that accords with the pervasively statistical character of contemporary science. Wesley C. Salmon describes three fundamental conceptions of scientific explanation--the epistemic, modal, and ontic. He argues that the prevailing view (a version of the epistemic conception) is untenable and that the modal conception is scientifically out-dated. Significantly revising aspects of his earlier work, he defends a causal/mechanical theory that is a version of the ontic conception. Professor Salmon's theory furnishes a robust argument for scientific realism akin to the argument that convinced twentieth-century physical scientists of the existence of atoms and molecules. To do justice to such notions as irreducibly statistical laws and statistical explanation, he offers a novel account of physical randomness. The transition from the "reviewed view" of scientific explanation (that explanations are arguments) to the causal/mechanical model requires fundamental rethinking of basic explanatory concepts.

Four Decades of Scientific Explanation

Author : Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006-06-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780822973027

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Four Decades of Scientific Explanation by Wesley C. Salmon Pdf

As Aristotle stated, scientific explanation is based on deductive argument--yet, Wesley C. Salmon points out, not all deductive arguments are qualified explanations. The validity of the explanation must itself be examined. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation provides a comprehensive account of the developments in scientific explanation that transpired in the last four decades of the twentieth century. It continues to stand as the most comprehensive treatment of the writings on the subject during these years. Building on the historic 1948 essay by Carl G. Hempel and Paul Oppenheim, "Studies in the Logic of Explanation,” which introduced the deductive-nomological (D-N) model on which most work on scientific explanation was based for the following four decades, Salmon goes beyond this model's inherent basis of describing empirical knowledge to tells us “not only what, but also why.” Salmon examines the predominant models in chronological order and describes their development, refinement, and criticism or rejection. Four Decades of Scientific Explanation underscores the need for a consensus of approach and ongoing evaluations of methodology in scientific explanation, with the goal of providing a better understanding of natural phenomena.

Models and Inferences in Science

Author : Emiliano Ippoliti,Fabio Sterpetti,Tom Nickles
Publisher : Springer
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319281636

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Models and Inferences in Science by Emiliano Ippoliti,Fabio Sterpetti,Tom Nickles Pdf

The book answers long-standing questions on scientific modeling and inference across multiple perspectives and disciplines, including logic, mathematics, physics and medicine. The different chapters cover a variety of issues, such as the role models play in scientific practice; the way science shapes our concept of models; ways of modeling the pursuit of scientific knowledge; the relationship between our concept of models and our concept of science. The book also discusses models and scientific explanations; models in the semantic view of theories; the applicability of mathematical models to the real world and their effectiveness; the links between models and inferences; and models as a means for acquiring new knowledge. It analyzes different examples of models in physics, biology, mathematics and engineering. Written for researchers and graduate students, it provides a cross-disciplinary reference guide to the notion and the use of models and inferences in science.

The Logical Foundations of Statistical Inference

Author : Henry E. Kyburg Jr.
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401021753

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The Logical Foundations of Statistical Inference by Henry E. Kyburg Jr. Pdf

Everyone knows it is easy to lie with statistics. It is important then to be able to tell a statistical lie from a valid statistical inference. It is a relatively widely accepted commonplace that our scientific knowledge is not certain and incorrigible, but merely probable, subject to refinement, modifi cation, and even overthrow. The rankest beginner at a gambling table understands that his decisions must be based on mathematical ex pectations - that is, on utilities weighted by probabilities. It is widely held that the same principles apply almost all the time in the game of life. If we turn to philosophers, or to mathematical statisticians, or to probability theorists for criteria of validity in statistical inference, for the general principles that distinguish well grounded from ill grounded generalizations and laws, or for the interpretation of that probability we must, like the gambler, take as our guide in life, we find disagreement, confusion, and frustration. We might be prepared to find disagreements on a philosophical and theoretical level (although we do not find them in the case of deductive logic) but we do not expect, and we may be surprised to find, that these theoretical disagreements lead to differences in the conclusions that are regarded as 'acceptable' in the practice of science and public affairs, and in the conduct of business.

Statistical Inference as Severe Testing

Author : Deborah G. Mayo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781107054134

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Statistical Inference as Severe Testing by Deborah G. Mayo Pdf

Unlock today's statistical controversies and irreproducible results by viewing statistics as probing and controlling errors.

Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance

Author : Wesley C. Salmon
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1971-09-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780822974116

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Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance by Wesley C. Salmon Pdf

According to modern physics, many objectively improbable events actually occur, such as the spontaneous disintegration of radioactive atoms. Because of high levels of improbability, scientists are often at a loss to explain such phenomena. In this main essay of this book, Wesley Salmon offers a solution to scientific explanation based on the concept of statistical relevance (the S-R model). In this vein, the other two essays herein discuss “Statistical Relevance vs. Statistical Inference,” and “Explanation and Information.”

The Logic of Scientific Inference

Author : Jennifer Trusted
Publisher : MacMillan Publishing Company
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015001153751

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The Logic of Scientific Inference by Jennifer Trusted Pdf

Paradoxes in Scientific Inference

Author : Mark Chang
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781466509870

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Paradoxes in Scientific Inference by Mark Chang Pdf

Paradoxes are poems of science and philosophy that collectively allow us to address broad multidisciplinary issues within a microcosm. A true paradox is a source of creativity and a concise expression that delivers a profound idea and provokes a wild and endless imagination. The study of paradoxes leads to ultimate clarity and, at the same time, in