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Author : Tadeusz Baczko
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8361597174
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2007-09-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264039667
A conference proceedings that discusses policy needs, measurement issues, and some of the challenges in describing cross-cutting and emerging topics in science, technology and innovation.
Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Developing Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators for the Future
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309297479
Since the 1950s, under congressional mandate, the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) - through its National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) and predecessor agencies - has produced regularly updated measures of research and development expenditures, employment and training in science and engineering, and other indicators of the state of U.S. science and technology. A more recent focus has been on measuring innovation in the corporate sector. NCSES collects its own data on science, technology, and innovation (STI) activities and also incorporates data from other agencies to produce indicators that are used for monitoring purposes - including comparisons among sectors, regions, and with other countries - and for identifying trends that may require policy attention and generate research needs. NCSES also provides extensive tabulations and microdata files for in-depth analysis. Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators of STI activities that would enable NCSES to respond to changing policy concerns. This report also identifies and assesses both existing and potential data resources and tools that NCSES could exploit to further develop its indicators program. Finally, the report considers strategic pathways for NCSES to move forward with an improved STI indicators program. The recommendations offered in Capturing Change in Science, Technology, and Innovation are intended to serve as the basis for a strategic program of work that will enhance NCSES's ability to produce indicators that capture change in science, technology, and innovation to inform policy and optimally meet the needs of its user community.
Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Affairs,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Panel on Developing Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators for the Future
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 77 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309253925
The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), at the U.S. National Foundation, is 1 of 14 major statistical agencies in the federal government, of which at least 5 collect relevant information on science, technology, and innovation activities in the United States and abroad. The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 expanded and codified NCSES's role as a U.S. federal statistical agency. Important aspects of the agency's mandate include collection, acquisition, analysis, and reporting and dissemination of data on research and development trends, on U.S. competitiveness in science, technology, and research and development, and on the condition and progress of U.S. science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Improving Measures of Science, Technology and Innovation: Interim Report examines the status of the NCSES's science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators. This report assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators designed to better reflect fundamental and rapid changes that are reshaping global science, technology and innovation systems. The book also determines the international scope of STI indicators and the need for developing new indicators that measure developments in innovative activities in the United States and abroad, and Offers foresight on the types of data, metrics and indicators that will be particularly influential in evidentiary policy decision-making for years to come. In carrying out its charge, the authoring panel undertook a broad and comprehensive review of STI indicators from different countries, including Japan, China, India and several countries in Europe, Latin America and Africa. Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation makes recommendations for near-term action by NCSES along two dimensions: (1) development of new policy-relevant indicators that are based on NCSES survey data or on data collections at other statistical agencies; and (2) exploration of new data extraction and management tools for generating statistics, using automated methods of harvesting unstructured or scientometric data and data derived from administrative records.
Author : Fred Gault
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857933652
'A great book to understand and foster innovation at all levels: a truly innovative piece of work.' Enrico Giovannini, Minister of Labour and Social Policies, Italy 'This book brings together original contributions from world leading experts on innovation indicators and is unique in several respects. First, the focus is upon innovation in terms of commercialized products and processes and not on secondary indicators of research or patenting. Second, it combines academic perspectives with user perspectives from industry and international organizations. Third, it strikes a good balance between old and new indicators, opening up new dimensions of innovation for measuring. It is a book worth reading for scholars studying innovation, for policy makers and, not least, for innovation managers in the private sector.' Bengt-Åke Lundvall, Aalborg University, Denmark and Sciences-Po, Paris, France This Handbook comprehensively examines indicators and statistical measurement related to innovation (as defined in the OECD/Eurostat Oslo Manual). It deals with the development and the use of innovation indicators to support decision-making and is written by authors who are practitioners, who know what works and what does not, in order to improve the development of indicators to satisfy future policy needs. This unique volume presents: the historical and geographical context for innovation indicators and measurement practical examples of how measurement is actually undertaken new areas of innovation indicators and measurement, including consumer innovation, public sector innovation and social innovation. This informative Handbook will appeal to policy makers in government departments, statistical offices and research institutes and international organizations such as the EU, OECD and the UN, as well as university departments of economics, sociology, law, science and technology, and public policy.
Author : Dirk Meissner,Leonid Gokhberg,Alexander Sokolov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642318276
The book gives practical guidance for policy makers, analysts and researchers on how to make the most of the potential of Foresight studies. Based on the concept of evidence-based policy-making, Foresight studies are common practice in many countries and are commonly understood as a supportive tool in designing future-oriented strategies. The book outlines approaches and experiences of integrating such Foresight studies in the making and implementation of science, technology and innovation (STI) policies at different national levels. It delivers insights into practical approaches of developing STI policy measures oriented towards future societal and technological challenges based on evidence drawn from comparable policy measures worldwide. Authors from leading academic institutions, international organizations and national governments provide a sound theoretical foundation and framework as well as checklists and guidelines for leveraging the potential impact of STI policies.
Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210039697
This publication provides a guide to the thinking that underpins the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (STIP) Review programme of UNCTAD within the context of sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda. It has been written primarily for Member State governments that are considering or implementing STIP reviews as well as all those involved in UNCTAD intergovernmental mechanisms including the Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD). It outlines the framework, the methods and the various possible steps in the implementation process of STIP Reviews and their expected short- and medium-term outcomes.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264307575
The OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2018 is the twelfth edition in a series that biennially reviews key trends in science, technology and innovation (STI) policy in OECD countries and a number of major partner economies. The 14 chapters within this edition look at a range of ...
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on National Statistics,Technology Panel on Developing Science,Research Council National,Robert E. Litan,Andrew W. Wyckoff,Kaye Husbands Fealing
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 6613527394
The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), at the U.S. National Foundation, is 1 of 14 major statistical agencies in the federal government, of which at least 5 collect relevant information on science, technology, and innovation activities in the United States and abroad. The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 expanded and codified NCSES's role as a U.S. federal statistical agency. Important aspects of the agency's mandate include collection, acquisition, analysis, and reporting and dissemination of data on research and development trends, on U.S. competitiveness in science, technology, and research and development, and on the condition and progress of U.S. science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Improving Measures of Science, Technology and Innovation: Interim Report examines the status of the NCSES's science, technology, and innovation (STI) indicators. This report assesses and provides recommendations regarding the need for revised, refocused, and newly developed indicators designed to better reflect fundamental and rapid changes that are reshaping global science, technology and innovation systems. The book also determines the international scope of STI indicators and the need for developing new indicators that measure developments in innovative activities in the United States and abroad, and Offers foresight on the types of data, metrics and indicators that will be particularly influential in evidentiary policy decision-making for years to come. In carrying out its charge, the authoring panel undertook a broad and comprehensive review of STI indicators from different countries, including Japan, China, India and several countries in Europe, Latin America and Africa. Improving Measures of Science, Technology, and Innovation makes recommendations for near-term action by NCSES along two dimensions: (1) development of new policy-relevant indicators that are based on NCSES survey data or on data collections at other statistical agencies; and (2) exploration of new data extraction and management tools for generating statistics, using automated methods of harvesting unstructured or scientometric data and data derived from administrative records.
Author : José Luis Verdegay,Julio Brito,Carlos Cruz
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030973445
This book presents computational intelligence methodologies and its applications to sustainable development goals. Along 18 chapters prepared by reputed scientists around the world, this book explores and focuses on the impacts produced by the application of artificial intelligence and mainly of computational intelligence, in sustainable development goals and on analysing how particularly computational intelligence can influence the ability to comply in a timely manner with all the sustainable development goals. Specialists from STEM areas will find in this book an attractive showcase of instances and research lines to be explored.
Author : Jozefczyk, Jerzy,Orski, Donat
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781616928131
Knowledge-Based Intelligent System Advancements: Systemic and Cybernetic Approaches presents selected new AI–based ideas and methods for analysis and decision making in intelligent information systems derived using systemic and cybernetic approaches. This book is useful for researchers, practitioners and students interested intelligent information retrieval and processing, machine learning and adaptation, knowledge discovery, applications of fuzzy based methods and neural networks.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Committee on the Review of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships (STIP) for Development and Implications for the Future of USAID
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309452472
The United States has long recognized that the nation's prosperity and security depend on how we address challenges of disasters, poverty, famine, and disease around the world. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has played a vital role in promoting U.S. national and international interests by advancing strategies for employing science, technology, and innovation to respond to global challenges. The focus by USAID on science, technology, and innovation is critical to improve development outcomes. At the core of this progress is the engagement of science institutions and other innovative enterprises and their commitment to work in partnership with USAID to research, test, and scale solutions. The Role of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships in the Future of USAID provides an assessment and advice on the current and future role for science, technology, and innovation in assistance programs at USAID and on the role of partnerships in the public and private sectors to expand impact. This report examines challenges and opportunities for USAID in expanding the utilization of science, technology, and innovation in development assistance; assesses how USAID has deployed science, technology, and innovation; and recommends priority areas for improvement going forward in partnership with others.
Author : Bronwyn H. Hall,Adam B. Jaffe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 1680834010
The measurement of scientific, technological, and innovative activities (STI) in the economy is an increasing challenge faced by statistical agencies around the world. Measuring Science, Technology, and Innovation: A Review surveys the current state of the art including the concept of indicators, their quality and use, and a schematic model of the STI system that can identify gaps in the set of indicators commonly in use. The authors review the developments in STI measurement that have taken place in the rest of the world, particularly the widespread use of innovation surveys. The monograph concludes with a discussion of the measurement gaps and issues in the U.S., which we identify as innovation (especially in the service sector), non-R&D investment related to innovation, data timeliness, data linkages, measurement related to public policy goals, and the sources of capital for innovation.After an introduction, Section 2 summarizes the framework for analysis of the STI system that is most widely used by economists. Section 3 considers how the specific data currently collected by the U.S. government, and indicators constructed from those data, relate to the important concepts within the framework. Section 4 expands this discussion by reviewing data collected and indicators published by other countries and international organizations. Section 5 then turns to the issues of policy, and draws explicit connections between important policy questions and indicators, using the framework of Section 2. Section 6 builds on these discussions to highlight gaps and issues with the existing indicators, and Section 7 provides concluding comments.
Author : L. Earl
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781847201645
This book takes stock of what is known about the process of innovation and its effects, and the policy interventions that influence both. It provides insights into future research required to support evidence-based policy-making and makes clear the need to take a systems approach to the analysis of innovation, its outcomes and its impacts. The contributors explore the fact that economic theory, statistical measurement and the need to achieve targets are combining to shift policy focus towards the economic and social impacts of innovation. This is forcing economists and statisticians to look for new measures, indicators, and analytical frameworks to support the public policy debate and the implementations of change necessary for success. The book emphasizes the importance of linkages and communities of practice in measuring and analyzing innovation, and focuses on: the importance of social sciences as well as natural sciences to the activity of innovation. policy-relevant discussions on the measurement gaps in the activity of innovation quantitative results of analysis relating to the output of innovation activities theoretical frameworks and concepts for measurement of the activity of innovation suggestions for new measurement directions for the activity of innovation which will lead into an international forum to discuss indicator development at the OECD over the next decade. Illustrating that the expectations of innovation policies are being raised, this book will prove fascinating reading for policy analysts, economists, academics and students with an interest in innovation, industrial dynamics and science and technology.
Author : Wolfgang Glänzel,Henk F. Moed,Ulrich Schmoch,Mike Thelwall
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1103 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030025113
This handbook presents the state of the art of quantitative methods and models to understand and assess the science and technology system. Focusing on various aspects of the development and application of indicators derived from data on scholarly publications, patents and electronic communications, the individual chapters, written by leading experts, discuss theoretical and methodological issues, illustrate applications, highlight their policy context and relevance, and point to future research directions. A substantial portion of the book is dedicated to detailed descriptions and analyses of data sources, presenting both traditional and advanced approaches. It addresses the main bibliographic metrics and indexes, such as the journal impact factor and the h-index, as well as altmetric and webometric indicators and science mapping techniques on different levels of aggregation and in the context of their value for the assessment of research performance as well as their impact on research policy and society. It also presents and critically discusses various national research evaluation systems. Complementing the sections reflecting on the science system, the technology section includes multiple chapters that explain different aspects of patent statistics, patent classification and database search methods to retrieve patent-related information. In addition, it examines the relevance of trademarks and standards as additional technological indicators. The Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators is an invaluable resource for practitioners, scientists and policy makers wanting a systematic and thorough analysis of the potential and limitations of the various approaches to assess research and research performance.
