The Gender Implications Of Public Sector Downsizing
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The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing by Martín Rama Pdf
Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing by Martin Rama Pdf
Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. In Vietnam during the massive downsizing in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. But in the downsizing in the early part of this decade women are less likely than men to be retrenched in large numbers.Men and women may be affected differently by the transition from central planning to a market economy and especially by the privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. After briefly reviewing the international evidence on this issue, Rama looks at the recent experience of Vietnam and the prospects of its new reform program.During the massive downsizing in Vietnam in the early 1990s, many more women than men were laid off. Women withdrew from the labor force in larger numbers than men after separation, but the difference nearly vanished after a year. Economic reforms were associated with a considerable decline in the gender gap in earnings, both in the state sector and outside it.Women are less likely to be retrenched in large numbers in the downsizing in the early part of this decade. Labor redundancies are concentrated in male-dominated sectors, such as mining, transport, and construction; redundancies are smaller in female-dominated sectors, such as footwear, textiles, and garments. Moreover, temporary and short-term contracts are more prevalent in female-dominated sectors, suggesting demand for women's work.Assistance programs for redundant workers have potential gender biases. Rama shows that separation packages defined as a multiple of earnings favor men more, while lump-sum packages favor women more. Packages based on seniority are roughly gender neutral, but require a substantially higher expenditure to reach the same acceptance rate as the other two.This paper - a product of Public Service Delivery, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to address social protection issues in the context of economic reforms. The study was supported by the Vietnam Country Office, East Asia and Pacific Region, and by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project quot;Efficient Public Sector Downsizingquot; (RPO 683-67). The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Author : Asian Development Bank Publisher : Asian Development Bank Page : 140 pages File Size : 53,5 Mb Release : 2012-08-01 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9789290927495
Gender Tool Kit: Public Sector Management by Asian Development Bank Pdf
This tool kit assists staff and consultants of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in conceptualizing and designing gender-responsive programs and projects in public sector management (PSM). It aims to help users identify and investigate gender issues and to build practical design elements into PSM programs and projects. It guides users on key questions to be asked and data to be collected during project preparation, and provides a menu of entry points for designing gender-inclusive PSM programs. Consisting of three parts, the tool kit provides guidance on gender issues on key PSM subsectors and sector policy reforms. Case studies from ADB programs and projects have been included to illustrate good practices in mainstreaming gender concerns in PSM.
Analyzing the Distributional Impact of Reforms, 2 by Aline Coudouel,Stefano Paternostro Pdf
"The analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms on the well-being or welfare of different stakeholder groups, particularly on th e poor and vulnerable, has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. In recent years this type of work has been labeled as Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and is increasingly implemented to promote evidence-based policy choices and foster debate on policy reform options. While information is available on the general approach, techniques, and tools for distributional analysis, each sector displays a series of specific characteristics. These have implications for the analysis of distributional impacts, including the types of impacts and transmission channels that warrant particular attention, the tools and techniques most appropriate, the data source typically utilized, and the range of political economy factors most likely to affect the reform process. This volume provides an overview of the specific issues arising in the analysis of the distributional impacts of policy and institutional reforms in selected sectors. Each chapter offers guidance on the selection of tools and techniques most adapted to the reforms under scrutiny, and offers examples of applications of these approaches. This is a companion to the first volume, which offers guidance on trade, monetary and exchange rate policy, utility provision, agricultural markets, land policy, and education."
Are Public Sector Workers Underpaid? by Sarah Bales,Martín Rama Pdf
Does the public sector overpay or underpay workers relative to what they could earn in the private sector? Usual comparisons focus on similar jobs, but in a Developing country it is more sensible to focus on similar workers, as shown by the case of Vietnam.
Labor Issues in Infrastructure Reform by Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility Pdf
Fears of job loss and changes in employment status have often led workers and unions to oppose privatization and to take actions that delay or block reforms. Many developing country governments have been reluctant to undertake reforms because of labor opposition and the political costs involved. Such difficulties are often compounded by concerns about the social impact of reforms, particularly in countries where social safety nets and labor markets are lacking. The objective of the Toolkit, which includes a CD-ROM, is to provide practical tools and information to help policy makers and practitioners deal with these sensitive issues. The Toolkit helps governments identify and select appropriate strategies and approaches, offers guidelines for design and implementation based on best practice and actual experience, and indicates the factors influencing the choice of strategy and options. The Toolkit is illustrated with examples, checklists, and templates that walk decision makers through best practice methodologies.
Author : World Bank,World Bank Staff Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 186 pages File Size : 45,9 Mb Release : 2001-01-01 Category : Political Science ISBN : 0821350420
The World Bank Research Program 2001 by World Bank,World Bank Staff Pdf
This publication is a compilation of reports on research projects initiated, under way, or completed in fiscal year 2001 (July 1, 2000 through June 30, 2001). The abstracts cover 150 research projects from the World Bank and grouped under 11 major headings including poverty and social development, health and population, education, labor and employment, environment, infrastructure and urban development, and agriculture and rural development. The abstracts detail the questions addressed, the analytical methods used, the findings to date and their policy implications. Each abstract identifies the expected completion date of each project, the research team, and reports or publications produced.
Organizational Downsizing, Discrimination, and Corporate Social Responsibility by Zeinab Karake-Shalhoub Pdf
Organizational restructuring and corporate downsizing can have a significant impact on the perceived social responsibility and responsiveness of any firm. This book analyzes the phenomenon by identifying the nature and types of structural or functional relationships that exist between downsizing and organizational performance variables, on the one hand, and organizational social responsiveness on the other. It looks at changes in the use of various restructuring techniques to improve efficiency and effectiveness and the effects of these changes on the organizational citizenship standing in the community. It goes on to add to the understanding of the general phenomenon of downsizing by examining its relationship to the level and pervasiveness of corporate social responsibility. Karake-Shalhoub addresses three questions. First, is corporate downsizing related to improvement in organizational financial performance? Second, is there any relationship between downsizing and corporate social responsibility? Third, what is the nature of this relationship? The book will be attractive to management theory scholars, social responsibility and ethics researchers and practitioners, organizational development researchers and practitioners, and human resource scholars.
Women's Employment in BC: Effects of Government Downsizing and Employment Policy Changes 2001-2004 by Sylvia Anne Fuller Pdf
Any errors and the opinions contained in the paper are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the CCPA. [...] Overall, the availability and generosity of social supports and entitlements has eroded as the government weakens or eliminates key public services and increasingly emphasizes the necessity of individual self-reliance and participation in a de/re-regulated labour market as the only legitimate route to economic security. [...] In so doing, we consider not only policy changes that directly affect employment regulations and the availability of particular kinds of employment for women (such as the loss of public-sector jobs and changes to the provincial Employment Standards Act), but also changes that alter the conditions under which women access employment (such as changes in post-secondary education and childcare policie [...] Higher levels of education are also associated with both higher levels of employment, and a smaller gap in men and women's labour force participation rates, as documented in Table 3. Women in BC with fewer than eight years of education have only 57 per cent of the employment level of men with the same education, while those with an undergraduate degree are employed at 93 per cent of the level of t [...] As a result, the of hospital and long-term care beds, and funding cuts have eliminated number of low income housekeeping services from the home care services received by the children in the regulated disabled and frail elderly in some areas of the province.
Managing Gender Diversity in Asia by Mustafa F. Èzbilgin,Jawad Syed Pdf
Managing Gender Diversity in Asia is as timely as it is important. Mustafa F. Özbilgin and Jawad Syed raise the set of issues that all of us, managers and scholars, need to ponder and address if we are to have a 21st century defined by equity. Nancy J. Adler, McGill University, Canada This timely Companion examines the unique codes and processes of managing gender diversity, equality and inclusion in Asia. Managing Gender Diversity in Asia covers the whole geography of Asia through chapters authored by eminent scholars in the field and thus provides an authoritative tool for a critical and evidence based understanding of gender diversity management in Asia. The distinctive nature of Asian institutional structures, approaches and processes are examined in order to account for variations in representation and inclusion at work for women and men. This comprehensive Companion will make ideal reading for researchers, postgraduate students and practitioners who wish to understand the methodological and thematic idiosyncrasies of researching gender diversity management in organisational settings.
Reforming Public Institutions and Strengthening Governance by World Bank. Public Sector Board Pdf
This report seeks to assess the progress to date in implementing the World Bank's strategy for governance and public sector reform. It also highlights specific challenges and approaches of individual regions, the Development Research Group and the World Bank Institute.
Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social Analysis of Policy Reform by Anonim Pdf
"Analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms plays an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing and transitional countries, promoting evidence-based policy choices and fostering debate on policy reform options. International agencies and national partners are increasingly encouraging a more systematic application of policy reform analysis. Requisite to a systematic application is capacity building within countries as well as within donor agencies." "Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social Analysis of Policy Reform: A Sourcebook for Development Practitioners contributes to this agenda by introducing a framework and a set of practical tools that analyze the institutional, political, and social dimensions of policy design and implementation. The authors fill a perceived gap in knowledge of the application of social tools and complement existing guidance on conventional economic analysis of distributional impacts of reform." "This book will be of interest to commissioners and practitioners working in policy analysis in a range of areas - including macroeconomic, sectoral, and public sector policy - that are subject to ongoing policy reform discussions."--BOOK JACKET.
This book explores the ways governments manage public employees in developing countries, and how this in turn impacts on the success of national development and governance strategies. It presents seven in-depth case studies from developing countries in Africa and Asia and proposes ways forward for Human Resource Management in developing countries.
Gender, China and the World Trade Organization by Günseli Berik,Xiao-yuan Dong,Gale Summerfield Pdf
China’s joining the World Trade Organization at the end of 2001 signifies a milestone in the country’s global integration after two decades of economic reforms that have fundamentally transformed the economic organization of China. This collection seeks to identify the gendered implications within China of the country’s transition from socialism to a market economy and its opening up to international trade and investment. The changes have created greater wealth for some, while at the same time, serious gender, class, ethnic, and regional disparities have also emerged. Drawing from historical, analytical, and policy-oriented work, the essays in this collection explore women’s well-being relative to men’s in rural and urban China by looking at land rights, labor-market status and labor rights, household decision-making, health, the representation of women in advertising and beauty pageants. This book was previously published as a special issue of the journal, Feminist Economics, the official journal of the International Association for Feminist Economics (IAFFE). All contributions have been subjected to the journal's rigorous peer review process and comply with the journal's editorial policies, as overseen by the editor, Diana Strassmann, and the journal's editorial team, including the associate editors, the editorial board, numerous volunteer reviewers, and the journal's in-house editorial staff and freelance style editors. The special issue and book have been made possible by the generous financial support of Rice University and the Ford Foundation-Beijing.
