The Gold Star Mother Pilgrimages Of The 1930s

Author : John W. Graham
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-14
Category : History
ISBN : 078649199X

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The Gold Star Mother Pilgrimages of the 1930s by John W. Graham Pdf

During the first World War, a flag with a gold star identified families who had lost soldiers. Grieving women were “Gold Star” mothers and widows. Between 1930 and 1933, the United States government took 6,654 Gold Star pilgrims to visit their sons’ and husbands’ graves in American cemeteries in Belgium, England, and France. Veteran Army officers acted as tour guides, helping women come to terms with their losses as they sought solace and closure. The government meticulously planned and paid for everything from transportation and lodging to menus, tips, sightseeing, and interpreters. Flowered wreaths, flags, and camp chairs were provided at the cemeteries, and official photographers captured each woman standing at her loved one’s grave. This work covers the Gold Star pilgrimages from their launch to the present day, beginning with an introduction to the war and wartime burial. Subsequent topics include the legislative struggle and evolution of the pilgrimage bill; personal pilgrimages, including that of the parents of poet Joyce Kilmer; the role of the Quartermaster Corps; the segregation controversy; a close examination of the first group to travel, Party A of May 1930; and the results of the pilgrimage experience as described by participants, observers, organizers, and scholars, researched through diaries, letters, scrapbooks, interviews, and newspaper accounts.

Author : Rebecca Jo Plant
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226670232

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Mom by Rebecca Jo Plant Pdf

In the early twentieth century, Americans often waxed lyrical about “Mother Love,” signaling a conception of motherhood as an all-encompassing identity, rooted in self-sacrifice and infused with social and political meaning. By the 1940s, the idealization of motherhood had waned, and the nation’s mothers found themselves blamed for a host of societal and psychological ills. In Mom, Rebecca Jo Plant traces this important shift by exploring the evolution of maternalist politics, changing perceptions of the mother-child bond, and the rise of new approaches to childbirth pain and suffering. Plant argues that the assault on sentimental motherhood came from numerous quarters. Male critics who railed against female moral authority, psychological experts who hoped to expand their influence, and women who strove to be more than wives and mothers—all for their own distinct reasons—sought to discredit the longstanding maternal ideal. By showing how motherhood ultimately came to be redefined as a more private and partial component of female identity, Plant illuminates a major reorientation in American civic, social, and familial life that still reverberates today.

Author : Marian van der Klein,Rebecca Jo Plant,Nichole Sanders,Lori R. Weintrob
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857454676

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Maternalism Reconsidered by Marian van der Klein,Rebecca Jo Plant,Nichole Sanders,Lori R. Weintrob Pdf

Beginning in the late 19th century, competing ideas about motherhood had a profound impact on the development and implementation of social welfare policies. Calls for programmes aimed at assisting and directing mothers emanated from all quarters of the globe, advanced by states and voluntary organizations, liberals and conservatives, feminists and anti-feminists – a phenomenon that scholars have since termed 'maternalism'. This volume reassesses maternalism by providing critical reflections on prior usages of the concept, and by expanding its meaning to encompass geographical areas, political regimes and cultural concerns that scholars have rarely addressed. From Argentina, Brazil and Mexico City to France, Italy, the Netherlands, the Soviet Ukraine, the United States and Canada, these case studies offer fresh theoretical and historical perspectives within a transnational and comparative framework. As a whole, the volume demonstrates how maternalist ideologies have been employed by state actors, reformers and poor clients, with myriad political and social ramifications.

Author : John R. Gillis
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691186658

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Commemorations by John R. Gillis Pdf

Memory is as central to modern politics as politics is central to modern memory. We are so accustomed to living in a forest of monuments, to having the past represented to us through museums, historic sites, and public sculpture, that we easily lose sight of the recent origins and diverse meanings of these uniquely modern phenomena. In this volume, leading historians, anthropologists, and ethnographers explore the relationship between collective memory and national identity in diverse cultures throughout history. Placing commemorations in their historical settings, the contributors disclose the contested nature of these monuments by showing how groups and individuals struggle to shape the past to their own ends. The volume is introduced by John Gillis's broad overview of the development of public memory in relation to the history of the nation-state. Other contributions address the usefulness of identity as a cross-cultural concept (Richard Handler), the connection between identity, heritage, and history (David Lowenthal), national memory in early modern England (David Cressy), commemoration in Cleveland (John Bodnar), the museum and the politics of social control in modern Iraq (Eric Davis), invented tradition and collective memory in Israel (Yael Zerubavel), black emancipation and the civil war monument (Kirk Savage), memory and naming in the Great War (Thomas Laqueur), American commemoration of World War I (Kurt Piehler), art, commerce, and the production of memory in France after World War I (Daniel Sherman), historic preservation in twentieth-century Germany (Rudy Koshar), the struggle over French identity in the early twentieth century (Herman Lebovics), and the commemoration of concentration camps in the new Germany (Claudia Koonz).

Author : Holly S. Fenelon
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-06-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781475925388

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That Knock at the Door by Holly S. Fenelon Pdf

A blue star for each family member serving in Americas military a gold star if that life was lost in defense of the nations freedom. IN WORLD WAR I, the American tradition of the service flag began. Families displayed a simple fabric banner with a blue star for each family member serving in the U.S. Armed Forces. If a family member died in the nations service, a gold star covered that individuals blue star on the family service flag. Not a symbol of mourning, the gold star represented the familys pride and the honor and glory accorded to that individual for making the supreme sacrifice in defense of the Americas freedom. Soon, the term gold star mother came to be used to identify and honor women who had lost a son or daughter in wartime military service. Following the war, as the nation focused its attention on those veterans who had returned whole in mind and body, gold star mothers served as a constant reminder of the true cost of war. In 1928, a group of these women formed American Gold Star Mothers, Inc., an organization created to honor those who had died by being of service to veterans and their families in need, supporting gold star families, and caring for veterans who had returned with physical, emotional and psychological wounds. From that humble beginning, American Gold Star Mothers, Inc. has become an icon of national service, opening its membership time and again to gold star mothers of later wars and conflicts, including Iraq and Afghanistan. Their amazing legacy of service is an important yet largely unknown chapter in American history. This book presents the story of gold star mothers in America and the first comprehensive history of American Gold Star Mothers, Inc., drawn from nearly a century of archival materials. The fascinating story of the strong women who honored their fallen sons and daughters by dedicating themselves to the service of veterans and peace is both compelling and inspiring.

Author : Thomas H. Conner
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813176321

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War and Remembrance by Thomas H. Conner Pdf

"No soldier could ask for a sweeter resting place than on the field of glory where he fell. The land he died to save vies with the one which gave him birth in paying tribute to his memory, and the kindly hands which so often come to spread flowers upon his earthly coverlet express in their gentle task a personal affection."—General John J. Pershing To remember and honor the memory of the American soldiers who fought and died in foreign wars during the past hundred years, the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) was established. Since the agency was founded in 1923, its sole purpose has been to commemorate the soldiers' service and the causes for which their lives were given. The twenty-five overseas cemeteries honoring 139,000 combat dead and the memorials honoring the 60,314 fallen soldiers with no known graves are among the most beautiful and meticulously maintained shrines in the world. In the first comprehensive study of the ABMC, Thomas H. Conner traces how the agency came to be created by Congress in the aftermath of World War I, how the cemeteries and monuments the agency built were designed and their locations chosen, and how the commemorative sites have become important "outposts of remembrance" on foreign soil. War and Remembrance powerfully demonstrates that these monuments—living sites that embody the role Americans played in the defense of freedom far from their own shores—assist in understanding the interconnections of memory and history and serve as an inspiration to later generations.

Author : Brando Simeo Starkey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015-01-12
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107070042

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In Defense of Uncle Tom by Brando Simeo Starkey Pdf

This book shadows the usage of 'Uncle Tom' to understand how social norms associated with the phrase were constructed and enforced.

Author : Lisa . Tendrich Frank
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 1241 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9798216079132

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An Encyclopedia of American Women at War [2 volumes] by Lisa . Tendrich Frank Pdf

A sweeping review of the role of women within the American military from the colonial period to the present day. In America, the achievements, defeats, and glory of war are traditionally ascribed to men. Women, however, have been an integral part of our country's military history from the very beginning. This unprecedented encyclopedia explores the accomplishments and actions of the "fairer sex" in the various conflicts in which the United States has fought. An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields contains entries on all of the major themes, organizations, wars, and biographies related to the history of women and the American military. The book traces the evolution of their roles—as leaders, spies, soldiers, and nurses—and illustrates women's participation in actions on the ground as well as in making the key decisions of developing conflicts. From the colonial conflicts with European powers to the current War on Terror, coverage is comprehensive, with material organized in an easy-to-use, A–Z, ready-reference format.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Archives
ISBN : IND:30000130172392

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Prologue by Anonim Pdf

Author : Clifton D. Bryant,Dennis L. Peck
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 1161 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2009-07-15
Category : FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS
ISBN : 9781412951784

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Encyclopedia of Death & Human Experience by Clifton D. Bryant,Dennis L. Peck Pdf

This two-volume Encyclopdia - through multidisciplinary and international contributions and perspectives - organizes, defines and clarifies more than 300 death-related concepts.

Author : Christoph Cornelissen,Arndt Weinrich
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781800737273

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The Historiography of World War I from 1918 to the Present by Christoph Cornelissen,Arndt Weinrich Pdf

From the Treaty of Versailles to the 2018 centenary and beyond, the history of the First World War has been continually written and rewritten, studied and contested, producing a rich historiography shaped by the social and cultural circumstances of its creation. Writing the Great War provides a groundbreaking survey of this vast body of work, assembling contributions on a variety of national and regional historiographies from some of the most prominent scholars in the field. By analyzing perceptions of the war in contexts ranging from Nazi Germany to India’s struggle for independence, this is an illuminating collective study of the complex interplay of memory and history.

Author : G. Kurt Piehler
Publisher : Smithsonian Institution
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2004-05-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781588341457

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Remembering War the American Way by G. Kurt Piehler Pdf

Wars do not fully end when the shooting stops. As G. Kurt Piehler reveals in this book, after every conflict from the Revolution to the Persian Gulf War, Americans have argued about how and for what deeds and heroes wars should be remembered. Drawing on sources ranging from government documents to Embalmer's Monthly, Piehler recounts efforts to commemorate wars by erecting monuments, designating holidays, forming veterans' organizations, and establishing national cemetaries. The federal government, he contends, initially sidestepped funding for memorials, thereby leaving the determination of how and whom to honor in the hands of those with ready money—and those who responded to them. In one instance, monuments to “Yankee heroes” erected by the Daughters of the American Revolution were countered by immigrant groups, who added such figures as Casimir Pulaski and Thaddeus Kosciusko to the record of the war. Piehler argues that the conflict between these groups is emblematic of the ongoing reinterpretation of wars by majority and minority groups, and by successive generations. Demonstrating that the battles over the Vietnam Veterans Memorial are not unique in American history, Remembering War the American Way reveals that the memory of war is intrinsically bound to the pluralistic definition of national identity.

Author : Lisa M. Budreau
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814725184

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Bodies of War by Lisa M. Budreau Pdf

World War I marked the first war in which the United States government and military took full responsibility for the identification, burial, and memorialization of those killed in battle, and as a result, the process of burying and remembering the dead became intensely political. The government and military attempted to create a patriotic consensus on the historical memory of World War I in which war dead were not only honored but used as a symbol to legitimize America's participation in a war not fully supported by all citizens. In this book, the author unpacks the politics and processes of the competing interest groups involved in the three core components of commemoration: repatriation, remembrance, and return. This book emphasizes the inherent tensions in the politics of memorialization and explores how those interests often conflicted with the needs of veterans and relatives.

Author : Holly S. Fenelon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Grief
ISBN : 0982411766

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American Gold Star Mothers by Holly S. Fenelon Pdf

Author : April Smith
Publisher : National Geographic Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-23
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9780307948809

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A Star for Mrs. Blake by April Smith Pdf

An emotionally charged historical novel based on the Gold Star Mothers. Cora Blake never dreamed she’d go to Paris. She’s hardly ever left the small fishing village where she grew up. Yet in the summer of 1931, she is invited to travel to France with hundreds of other Gold Star Mothers, courtesy of the U.S. government, to say goodbye to their fallen sons, American casualties of World War I who were buried overseas. Chaperoned by a dashing West Point officer, Cora’s group includes the wife of an immigrant chicken farmer; a housemaid; a socialite; a former tennis star in precarious mental health; and dozens of other women from all over the country. Along the way, the women will forge lifelong friendships as they face a death, a scandal, and a secret revealed.