The Half Life Of Policy Rationales

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The Half-Life of Policy Rationales

Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein
The Half Life of Policy Rationales Book PDF

Author : Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1375165239

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The Half-Life of Policy Rationales by Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein Pdf

The justification for any public policies are dissolving as technology advances. New detection and metering technologies are being developed for highways, parking, marine farming, and auto emissions, making property-rights solutions viable. Information becomes more accessible and user-friendly, suggesting that quality and safety are better handled by the private sector, undercutting consumer-protection rationales. As for public utilities, new means of producing and delivering electricity, water, postal, and telephone services dissolve the old natural-monopoly rationales for control and governmental provision. Most market-failure arguments boil down to claims about market mechanisms being blocked by transaction costs. But technology has trimmed transaction costs and made the old rationales for government intervention increasingly obsolete. Besides trimming transaction costs, technological advancements accelerates economic change and multiplies the connections between activities. It brings fundamental upsets to even our best understandings of current arrangements and their shortcomings. Thus, by making the economic system ever more complex, it makes the notion that regultors can meaningfully know and beneficially manipulate the system ever less credible. Technology sets what may be called an intellectual half-life on policies and their justification.

The Half-Life of Policy Rationales

Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein
The Half Life of Policy Rationales Book PDF

Author : Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2003-05-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781479859023

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The Half-Life of Policy Rationales by Fred E. Foldvary,Daniel B. Klein Pdf

The Half-Life of Policy Rationales argues that the appropriateness of policy depends on the state of technology, and that the justifications for many public policies are dissolving as technology advances. As new detection and metering technologies are being developed for highways, parking, and auto emissions, and information becomes more accessible and user-friendly, this volume argues that quality and safety are better handled by the private sector. As for public utilities, new means of producing and delivering electricity, water, postal, and telephone services dissolve the old natural-monopolies rationales of the government. This volume includes essays on marine resources, lighthouses, highways, parking, auto emissions, consumer product safety, money and banking, medical licensing, electricity, water delivery, postal service, community governance, and endangered species. The editors have mobilized the hands-on knowledge of field experts to develop theories about technology and public policy. The Half-Life of Policy Rationales will be of interest to readers in public policy, technology, property rights, and economics.

Theory of Technology

David Clarke
Theory of Technology Book PDF

Author : David Clarke
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351472173

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Theory of Technology by David Clarke Pdf

The history of technology is often troubled by good ideas that do not, for one reason or another, take off right away--sometimes for millennia. Sometimes, technology comes to a standstill, and sometimes, it even reverses itself. Thus, unlike science, which seems to proceed at a reasonable and calm rate, the progress of technology is difficult to theorize about. While in science many developments are predictable to a certain extent and this predictability may, at times, direct or stymie science's progress--as with stem-cell research and cloning--technological advances, such as the Internet, are often sudden and unpredictable, and therefore frightening. In Theory of Technology, David Clarke brings together nine authors who try to understand technology from a variety of viewpoints. Rias van Wyk, in "Technology," parses the concept into many angles, including its anatomy, taxonomy, and evolution. Karol Pelc, in "Knowledge Mapping," discusses tracking the evolution of the emerging discipline of technology management. Jon Beard, in "Management of Technology," pursues a similar mapping endeavor, but looks to the patterns of the literature of technology management. Thomas Clarke, in "Unique Features of an R&D Work Environment and Research Scientists and Engineers," takes the reader on a tour of how people of technology present unique challenges to not just management but whole organizations. Richard Howey, in "Understanding Software Technology," places enterprise software into a meaningful pattern of technology management. Fred Foldvary and Daniel Klein, in "The Half-Life of Policy Rationales," discuss how new technology affects old policy issues. John Cogan, in "Some Philosophical Thoughts on the Nature of Technology," maintains that our Aristotelian search for the essence of technology is doomed. And Peter Bond, in "The Biology of Technology," establishes a basis for the development of a socio-biological approach to understanding the pheno

Readings in Applied Microeconomics

Craig Newmark
Readings in Applied Microeconomics Book PDF

Author : Craig Newmark
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-06-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135969455

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Readings in Applied Microeconomics by Craig Newmark Pdf

A central concern of economics is how society allocates its resources. Modern economies rely on two institutions to allocate: markets and governments. But how much of the allocating should be performed by markets and how much by governments? This collection of readings will help students appreciate the power of the market. It supplements theoretical explanations of how markets work with concrete examples, addresses questions about whether markets actually work well and offers evidence that supposed "market failures" are not as serious as claimed. Featuring readings from Hayek, William Baumol, Harold Demsetz, Daniel Fischel and Edward Lazear, Benjamin Klein and Keith B. Leffler, Stanley J. Liebowitz and Stephen E. Margolis, and John R. Lott, Jr., this book covers key topics such as: • Why markets are efficient allocators • How markets foster economic growth • Property rights • How markets choose standards • Asymmetric Information • Whether firms abuse their power • Non-excludable goods • Monopolies The selections should be comprehended by undergraduate students who have had an introductory course in economics. This reader can also be used as a supplement for courses in intermediate microeconomics, industrial organization, business and government, law and economics, and public policy.

Street Smart

Gabriel Roth
Street Smart Book PDF

Author : Gabriel Roth
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 675 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351487894

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Street Smart by Gabriel Roth Pdf

The poor health of today's roads--a subject close to the hearts of motorists, taxpayers, and government treasurers around the world--has resulted from faulty incentives that misdirect government decision-makers, according to the contributors to Street Smart. During the 1990s, bad government decision-making resulted in the U.S. Interstate Highway System growing by only one seventh the rate of traffic growth. The poor maintenance of existing roads is another concern. In cities around the world, highly political and wasteful government decision-making has led to excessive traffic congestion that has created long commutes, reduced safety, and caused loss of leisure time.Street Smart examines the privatization of roads in theory and in practice. The authors see at least four possible roles for private companies, beyond the well-known one of working under contract to design, build, or maintain governmentally provided roads. These include testing and licensing vehicles and drivers; management of government-owned facilities; franchising; and outright private ownership. Two chapters describe the history of private roads in the United Kingdom and the United States. Contemporary examples are provided of road pricing, privatizing, and contracting out are evident in environs as diverse as Singapore, Southern California, and Scandinavia, and cities as different as Bergen, Norway, and London, England. Finally, several chapters examine strategies for implementing privatization. The principles governing providing scarce resources in free societies are well known. We apply them to such necessities as energy, food, and water so why not to "road space"? The main obstacle to private, or semi-private, ownership of roads is likely to remain the reluctance of the political class to give up a lucrative source of power and influence.Those who want decisions about road services to be controlled by the interplay of consumers and suppliers in free markets, rat

Housing America

Randall G. Holcombe
Housing America Book PDF

Author : Randall G. Holcombe
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351514996

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Housing America by Randall G. Holcombe Pdf

Housing policy not only aff ects all Americans' quality of life, but has a direct impact on their fi nancial well being. About 70 percent of American households own their own homes, and for most, their homes represent the majority of their net worth. Renters are aff ected by housing policy. Even the small minority of Americans who are homeless are aff ected by housing policies specifi cally targeted to low-income individuals.The government's increasing involvement in housing markets, fed by popular demand that government "do something" to address real problems of mortgage defaults and loans, provides good reason to take a new look at the public sector in housing markets. Crises in prime mortgage lending may lower the cost of housing, but the poor and homeless cannot benefi t because of increases in unemployment. Even the private market is heavily regulated. Government policies dictate whether people can build new housing on their land, what type of housing they can build, the terms allowed in rental contracts, and much more.This volume considers the eff ects of government housing policies and what can be done to make them work better. It shows that many problems are the result of government rules and regulations. Even in a time of foreclosures, the market can still do a crucial a job of allocating resources, just as it does in other markets. Consequently, the appropriate policy response may well be to signifi cantly reduce, not increase, government presence in housing markets. Housing America is a courageous and comprehensive eff ort to examine housing policies in the United States and to show how such policies aff ect the housing market.

Cities and Private Planning

David Emanuel Andersson,Stefano Moroni
Cities and Private Planning Book PDF

Author : David Emanuel Andersson,Stefano Moroni
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781783475063

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Cities and Private Planning by David Emanuel Andersson,Stefano Moroni Pdf

Through comprehensive case studies of privately planned cities and neighbourhood in Asia, Europe and North America, this book characterizes the theoretical basis and empirical manifestations of private urban planning. In this innovative volume, Anderss

Contractual Communities in the Self-Organising City

Grazia Brunetta,Stefano Moroni
Contractual Communities in the Self Organising City Book PDF

Author : Grazia Brunetta,Stefano Moroni
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789400728592

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Contractual Communities in the Self-Organising City by Grazia Brunetta,Stefano Moroni Pdf

Both “land-use regulation” and “territorial collective services” have traditionally been accomplished in cities through coercive efforts of public administrations. Recently, land-use regulation and collective service provision regimes have emerged within “contractual communities:” territory-based organisations (usually, but not exclusively residential) such as homeowners’ associations. This book examines the problems and opportunities of contractual communities, avoiding both the alarmism and unwarranted apologies found in much of the literature on contractual communities. The central notion is that cases in which coercive action by a public agency was deemed indispensable have been unjustly overstated, while the potential benefits of voluntary self-organising processes have been seriously understated. The authors propose a revised notion of the state role that allows ample leeway for contractual communities of all forms.

Knowledge and Coordination

Daniel B. Klein
Knowledge and Coordination Book PDF

Author : Daniel B. Klein
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199794126

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Knowledge and Coordination by Daniel B. Klein Pdf

This text was the basis for a presentation of the book Knowledge and Coordination: A Liberal Interpretation (Oxford University Press, 2012). The lecture discusses the richness of knowledge, the distinction between concatenate and mutual coordination, and the relation of these to a liberal outlook that the author associates with Adam Smith.

The High Cost of Free Parking

Donald Shoup
The High Cost of Free Parking Book PDF

Author : Donald Shoup
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1065 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-20
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781351178068

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The High Cost of Free Parking by Donald Shoup Pdf

One of the American Planning Association’s most popular and influential books is finally in paperback, with a new preface from the author on how thinking about parking has changed since this book was first published. In this no-holds-barred treatise, Donald Shoup argues that free parking has contributed to auto dependence, rapid urban sprawl, extravagant energy use, and a host of other problems. Planners mandate free parking to alleviate congestion but end up distorting transportation choices, debasing urban design, damaging the economy, and degrading the environment. Ubiquitous free parking helps explain why our cities sprawl on a scale fit more for cars than for people, and why American motor vehicles now consume one-eighth of the world's total oil production. But it doesn't have to be this way. Shoup proposes new ways for cities to regulate parking – namely, charge fair market prices for curb parking, use the resulting revenue to pay for services in the neighborhoods that generate it, and remove zoning requirements for off-street parking. Such measures, according to the Yale-trained economist and UCLA planning professor, will make parking easier and driving less necessary. Join the swelling ranks of Shoupistas by picking up this book today. You'll never look at a parking spot the same way again.

Handbook of Biofuels Production

Rafael Luque,Carol Sze Ki Lin,Karen Wilson,James Clark
Handbook of Biofuels Production Book PDF

Author : Rafael Luque,Carol Sze Ki Lin,Karen Wilson,James Clark
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 770 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780081004562

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Handbook of Biofuels Production by Rafael Luque,Carol Sze Ki Lin,Karen Wilson,James Clark Pdf

Handbook of Biofuels Production, Second Edition, discusses advanced chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical biofuels production routes that are fast being developed to address the global increase in energy usage. Research and development in this field is aimed at improving the quality and environmental impact of biofuels production, as well as the overall efficiency and output of biofuels production plants. The book provides a comprehensive and systematic reference on the range of biomass conversion processes and technology. Key changes for this second edition include increased coverage of emerging feedstocks, including microalgae, more emphasis on by-product valorization for biofuels’ production, additional chapters on emerging biofuel production methods, and discussion of the emissions associated with biofuel use in engines. The editorial team is strengthened by the addition of two extra members, and a number of new contributors have been invited to work with authors from the first edition to revise existing chapters, thus offering fresh perspectives. Provides systematic and detailed coverage of the processes and technologies being used for biofuel production Discusses advanced chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical biofuels production routes that are fast being developed to address the global increase in energy usage Reviews the production of both first and second generation biofuels Addresses integrated biofuel production in biorefineries and the use of waste materials as feedstocks

Public Governance and the Classical-Liberal Perspective

Paul Dragos Aligica,Peter J. Boettke,Vlad Tarko
Public Governance and the Classical Liberal Perspective Book PDF

Author : Paul Dragos Aligica,Peter J. Boettke,Vlad Tarko
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190267056

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Public Governance and the Classical-Liberal Perspective by Paul Dragos Aligica,Peter J. Boettke,Vlad Tarko Pdf

Classical liberalism entails not only a theory about the scope of government and its relationship with the market but also a distinct view about how government should operate within its proper domain of public choices in non-market settings. Building on the political economy principles underpinning the works of diverse authors such as Friedrich Hayek, James Buchanan and Vincent and Elinor Ostrom, this book challenges the technocratic-epistocratic perspective in which social goals are defined by an aggregated social function and experts simply provide the means to attain them. The authors argue that individualism, freedom of choice, and freedom of association have deep implications on how we design, manage and assess our public governance arrangements. The book examines the knowledge and incentive problems associated with bureaucratic public administration while contrasting it with democratic governance. Aligica, Boettke, and Tarko argue that the focus should be on the diversity of opinions in any society regarding "what should be done" and on the design of democratic and polycentric institutions capable of limiting social conflicts and satisfying the preferences of as many people as possible. They thus fill a large gap in the literature, the public discourse, and the ways decision makers understand the nature and administration of the public sector.

Government 2.0

William D. Eggers
Government 2 0 Book PDF

Author : William D. Eggers
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0742541762

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Government 2.0 by William D. Eggers Pdf

Unhyped and therefore unnoticed, technology is altering the behavior and mission of city halls, statehouses, schools, and federal agencies across America. From transportation to education to elections to law enforcement (or, as we're now referring to it, 'homeland security'), the digital revolution is transforming government and politics, slashing bureaucracies; improving services; producing innovative solutions to some of our nation's thorniest problems; changing the terms of the Left/Right political debate; and offering ordinary people access to a degree of information and individual influence until recently accessible only to the most powerful citizens, finally redeeming the Founding Fathers' original vision for our democracy, and enriching American life and society in the process. Based on interviews with over 500 leading politicians, researchers, technology industry CEOs and leaders, futurists and front-line public employees, Government 2.0 journeys across America and overseas to demonstrate the promise and perils of this emerging world and offer a likely road map to its implementation. You'll hear from technology executives preparing for an onrushing future when, for many citizens, most government interactions could take place on private-sector websites; from bureaucrats like OSHA's Ed Stern fighting to get their agencies to adopt expert systems technology; from William Bennett, whose virtual education company offers a glimpse into one possible future of American education; and from Governor Jeb Bush and former Mayor Rudolph Giuliani as they endeavor to overcome bureaucratic inertia to provide more open, efficient, and effective governments. Rich with anecdotes and case studies, Government 2.0 is a must read for every entrepreneur frustrated by paperwork, every parent who's sick of being surprised by bad report cards, every commuter stuck in traffic, every activist trying to fight City Hall, and every taxpayer who cares about the future of government.

Who Rules the Net?

Adam D. Thierer,Clyde Wayne Crews
Who Rules the Net Book PDF

Author : Adam D. Thierer,Clyde Wayne Crews
Publisher : Cato Institute
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1930865430

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Who Rules the Net? by Adam D. Thierer,Clyde Wayne Crews Pdf

The rise of the World Wide Web is challenging traditional concepts of jurisdiction, governance, and sovereignty. Many observers have praised the Internet for its ubiquitous and "borderless" nature and argued that this global medium is revolutionizing the nature of modern communications. Indeed, in the universe of cyberspace there are no passports and geography is often treated as a meaningless concept. But does that mean traditional concepts of jurisdiction and governance are obsolete? When legal disputes arise in cyberspace, or when governments attempt to apply their legal standards or cultural norms to the Internet, how are such matters to be adjudicated? Cultural norms and regulatory approaches vary from country to country, as reflected in such policies as free speech and libel standards, privacy policies, intellectual property, antitrust law, domain name dispute resolution, and tax policy. In each of those areas, policymakers have for years enacted myriad laws and regulations for "realspace" that are now being directly challenged by the rise of the parallel electronic universe known as cyberspace. Who is responsible for setting the standards in cyberspace? Is a "U.N. for the Internet" or a multinational treaty appropriate? If not, whose standards should govern cross-border cyber disputes? Are different standards appropriate for cyberspace and "real" space? Those questions are being posed with increasing frequency in the emerging field of cyber-law and constitute the guiding theme of this book's collection of essays. Book jacket.

Capitalist Alternatives

Paul Dragos Aligica,Vlad Tarko
Capitalist Alternatives Book PDF

Author : Paul Dragos Aligica,Vlad Tarko
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317654735

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Capitalist Alternatives by Paul Dragos Aligica,Vlad Tarko Pdf

The book's objective is to explore the challenge of thinking methodically - in a theoretically and empirically informed way - about alternative forms of capitalism. What are the most effective ways to conceptualize the existing models of capitalism that have captured the public imagination and are currently floating around in the public debate? How can one mobilize empirical analysis and theory in thinking about the realm of possibilities and about the future of economic order, but avoid the twin perils of scientism and historicism? This book is an attempt to respond to these and related challenges. First, it delves into the substantive aspect of the debate, taking a closer look at a set of particular forms and models of capitalism that are currently discussed both in mass media and in academic circles as plausible, or at least possible, alternatives to the status quo: Crony, State, Regulatory, and Entrepreneurial Capitalisms. By elaborating and clarifying those models, it engages in a heuristic exercise that leads to a better understanding of the task of conceptualizing and assessing, in a theoretically informed way, the diversity of forms of capitalism. Second, the book takes a step further, looking at the epistemic, theoretical and methodological dimensions of the discussion: What is involved, more precisely, in our classifying and theorizing of capitalist systems and their historical evolution? What is the epistemic basis for building plausible conjectures about the future evolution of an economic system? What are the logical and methodological parameters of our endeavors that deal with economic systems, or with the problem of continuity and change in comparative economic systems? Offering an original approach to the problem of alternative forms of capitalism, this book will be of great interest to scholars working in the field of comparative political economy.