The History And Preservation Of Chemical Instrumentation

Author : John T. Stock,Mary Virginia Orna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400946903

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The History and Preservation of Chemical Instrumentation by John T. Stock,Mary Virginia Orna Pdf

The development of chemistry, like that of the other fields of science and technology, has depended greatly upon the availability of instruments. Accordingly, the study of the history of instrumentation is a major area in any survey of the progress in this science. Recognizing this fact, the Division of the History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society organized and held a very successful symposium on the history of chemical instrumentation during the Washington, D.C. National Meeting in 1979. Re~arks, both formal and informal, made during this symposium stressed points that soon become obvious to anyone who looks at the ancestry of present-day instruments . In some cases, the total history is measured in years, rather than in centuries . Chemical instrumentation, by no means confined to the laboratory, is vital in industry. There is a natural tendency to discard an item of any kind when a newer version is acquired. Often, "to discard" means "to scrap". If the item scrapped is an instrument that is unique - sometimes the last of its kind - we have a permanent artefactual gap in the history of science.

Author : John Thomas Stock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:717227250

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The History and Preservation of Chemical Instrumentation by John Thomas Stock Pdf

Author : Gerrylyn K Roberts,Colin A Russell
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781847552631

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Chemical History by Gerrylyn K Roberts,Colin A Russell Pdf

This book provides an historical overview of the recent developments in the history of diverse fields within chemistry. It follows on from Recent Developments in the History of Chemistry, a volume published in 1985. Covering chiefly the last 20 years, the primary aim of Chemical History: Reviews of the Recent Literature is to familiarise newcomers to the history of chemistry with some of the more important developments in the field. Starting with a general introduction and look at the early history of chemistry, subsequent chapters go on to investigate the traditional areas of chemistry (physical, organic, inorganic) alongside analytical chemistry, physical organic chemistry, medical chemistry and biochemistry, and instruments and apparatus. Topics such as industrial chemistry and chemistry in national contexts, whilst not featuring as separate chapters, are woven throughout the content. Each chapter is written by experts and is extensively referenced to the international chemical literature. Chemical History: Reviews of the Recent Literature is also ideal for chemists who wish to become familiar with historical aspects of their work. In addition, it will appeal to a wider audience interested in the history of chemistry, as it draws together historical materials that are widely scattered throughout the chemical literature.

Author : Peter J. T. Morris,Peter John Turnbull Morris,Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain)
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 0854044795

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From Classical to Modern Chemistry by Peter J. T. Morris,Peter John Turnbull Morris,Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain) Pdf

Most chemists today have either taken part in, or been affected by, the chemical revolution that has taken place over the course of the last century. Developments in instrumentation have changed not just what chemists do, but also how they think about chemistry. New and exciting areas of previously inaccessible research have been opened up as a direct result of this revolution. This is the first book to examine this instrumental revolution and goes on to assess the impact on chemical practice in areas ranging from organic chemistry and biochemistry to environmental analysis and process control, thus demonstrating how fundamental and extensive are the changes that have occurred. With contributions from internationally recognised specialists, this lavishly illustrated book provides a focal point for any historian of chemistry or chemist with an interest in this fascinating topic. This book is published in association with the Science Museum, London, UK and the Chemical Heritage Foundation, Philadelphia.

Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-06
Category : Medicine
ISBN : STANFORD:36105214548997

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National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) Pdf

Author : Peter J. Ramberg
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2023-12-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350251540

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A Cultural History of Chemistry in the Nineteenth Century by Peter J. Ramberg Pdf

A Cultural History of Chemistry in the Nineteenth Century covers the period from 1815 to 1914 and the birth of modern chemistry. The elaboration of atomic theory - and new ideas of periodicity, structure, bonding, and equilibrium - emerged in tandem with new instruments and practices. The chemical industry expanded exponentially, fuelled by an increasing demand for steel, aluminium, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods. And the chemical laboratory became established in its two distinct modern settings of the university and industry. At the turn of the century, the discovery of radioactivity took hold of the public imagination, drawing chemistry closer to physics, even as it threatened to undermine the whole concept of atomism. The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Chemistry presents the first comprehensive history from the Bronze Age to today, covering all forms and aspects of chemistry and its ever-changing social context. The themes covered in each volume are theory and concepts; practice and experiment; laboratories and technology; culture and science; society and environment; trade and industry; learning and institutions; art and representation. Peter J. Ramberg is Professor of the History of Science at Truman State University, USA. Volume 5 in the Cultural History of Chemistry set. General Editors: Peter J. T. Morris, University College London, UK, and Alan Rocke, Case Western Reserve University, USA.

Author : Ernst Homburg,Anthony S. Travis,Harm G. Schröter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1998-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792348893

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The Chemical Industry in Europe, 1850–1914 by Ernst Homburg,Anthony S. Travis,Harm G. Schröter Pdf

Europe is the cradle of the modem international chemical industry. From the middle of the nineteenth century until the outbreak of World War I, the European chemical industry influenced not only the production and control of science and technology, but also made significant contributions towards economic development, as well as bringing about profound changes in working and living enviromnents. It is a highly complex heritage, both rich and threatening, that calls for close scrutinity. Fortunately, a unique opportunity to explore the historical development of the European chemical industry from a variety of novel standpoints, was made possible during 1993 as part of the European Science Foundation (ESF) programme called 'The Evolution of Chemistry in Europe, 1789-1939.' This process of exploration has taken place through three workshops, each dealing with different time periods. The workshop concerned with the period 1850-1914, which corresponds roughly to the so-called Second Industrial Revolution, was held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, on 23-25 March 1995. This volume is the outcome of that workshop. The other workshops dealing with European chemical industry were held in Liege in 1994, covering the First Industrial Revolution period, 1789-1850, and Strasbourg in 1996, covering the period between the two World Wars.

Author : John E. Lesch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401593779

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The German Chemical Industry in the Twentieth Century by John E. Lesch Pdf

In the twentieth century, dyes, pharmaceuticals, photographic products, explosives, insecticides, fertilizers, synthetic rubber, fuels, and fibers, plastics, and other products have flowed out of the chemical industry and into the consumer economies, war machines, farms, and medical practices of industrial societies. The German chemical industry has been a major site for the development and application of the science-based technologies that gave rise to these products, and has had an important role as exemplar, stimulus, and competitor in the international chemical industry. This volume explores the German chemical industry's scientific and technological dimension, its international connections, and its development after 1945. The authors relate scientific and technological change in the industry to evolving German political and economic circumstances, including two world wars, the rise and fall of National Socialism, the post-war division of Germany, and the emergence of a global economy. This book will be of interest to historians of modern Germany, to historians of science and technology, and to business and economic historians.

Author : Torbern Bergman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401124942

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Chemical Lectures of H.T. Scheffer by Torbern Bergman Pdf

Torbern Bergman was one of the greatest chemists of the 18th century. He edited this collection of lectures in chemistry by H.T. Scheffer and published it in 1775. It was probably the first book designed to be used as a textbook for university classes in chemistry. Bergman presented the first of his successively improved Tables of Elective Attractions in this book, a table of the chemical elements which was one of the earliest attempts to present all the chemical elements and their properties in a single table. This table preceded the modern periodic table of the elements by nearly a century. It is of basis of this table that Bergman is considered to be the father of physical chemistry. One of the many discoveries described in this book is Scheffer's `Pelican Experiment'. which disproved the transmutation of elements, and preceded by two decades the identical experiment carried out by Antoine Lavoisier. This book will be of interest to historians of science and chemists in particular. Scientists in general and educators will also be interested to read this book. It can be used as additional reading in history courses.

Author : Ana Simões,A. Carneiro,M.P. Diogo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401735841

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Travels of Learning by Ana Simões,A. Carneiro,M.P. Diogo Pdf

This volume offers a reappraisal of the topic of scientific and technological traveling and takes the viewpoint of the European peripheries, including case studies of Portugal, Spain, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Hungary and the Scandinavian countries. It contributes to the clarification of mechanisms of appropriation of scientific ideas, instruments, practices and of technological expertise. It is of interest to scholars and students of history and philosophy of science and technology, cultural and social history, science, technology and society studies.

Author : Marco Fontani,Mariagrazia Costa,Mary Virginia Orna
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199383344

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The Lost Elements by Marco Fontani,Mariagrazia Costa,Mary Virginia Orna Pdf

In the mid-nineteenth century, chemists came to the conclusion that elements should be organized by their atomic weights. However, the atomic weights of various elements were calculated erroneously, and chemists also observed some anomalies in the properties of other elements. Over time, itbecame clear that the periodic table as currently comprised contained gaps, missing elements that had yet to be discovered. A rush to discover these missing pieces followed, and a seemingly endless amount of elemental discoveries were proclaimed and brought into laboratories. It wasn't until thediscovery of the atomic number in 1913 that chemists were able to begin making sense of what did and what did not belong on the periodic table, but even then, the discovery of radioactivity convoluted the definition of an element further. Throughout its formation, the periodic table has seen falseentries, good-faith errors, retractions, and dead ends; in fact, there have been more elemental "discoveries" that have proven false than there are current elements on the table.The Lost Elements: The Shadow Side of Discovery collects the most notable of these instances, stretching from the nineteenth century to the present. The book tells the story of how scientists have come to understand elements, by discussing the failed theories and false discoveries that shaped thepath of scientific progress. Chapters range from early chemists' stubborn refusal to disregard alchemy as legitimate practice, to the effects of the atomic number on discovery, to the switch in influence from chemists to physicists, as elements began to be artificially created in the twentiethcentury. Along the way, Fontani, Costa, and Orna introduce us to the key figures in the development of the periodic table as we know it. And we learn, in the end, that this development was shaped by errors and gaffs as much as by correct assumptions and scientific conclusions.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1482 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Medicine
ISBN : RUTGERS:39030015984844

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Bibliography of the History of Medicine by Anonim Pdf

Author : Mary Virginia Orna
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-06
Category : Art
ISBN : 9783642326417

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The Chemical History of Color by Mary Virginia Orna Pdf

In this brief, Mary Virginia Orna details the history of color from the chemical point of view. Beginning with the first recorded uses of color and ending in the development of our modern chemical industry, this rich, yet concise exposition shows us how color pervades every aspect of our lives. Our consciousness, our perceptions, our useful appliances and tools, our playthings, our entertainment, our health, and our diagnostic apparatus – all involve color and are based in no small part on chemistry.

Author : S. Ross
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401135887

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Nineteenth-Century Attitudes: Men of Science by S. Ross Pdf

Author : Brian Gee,edited by Anita McConnell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317133308

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Francis Watkins and the Dollond Telescope Patent Controversy by Brian Gee,edited by Anita McConnell Pdf

Francis Watkins was an eminent figure in his field of mathematical and optical instrument making in mid-eighteenth century London. Working from original documents, Brian Gee has uncovered the life and times of an optical instrument maker, who - at first glance - was not among the most prominent in his field. In fact, because Francis Watkins came from a landed background, the diversification of his assets enabled him to weather particular business storms - discussed in this book - where colleagues without such an economic cushion, were pushed into bankruptcy or forced to emigrate. He played an important role in one of the most significant legal cases to touch this profession, namely the patenting of the achromatic lens in telescopes. The book explains Watkins's origins, and how and why he was drawn into partnership with the famous Dollond firm, who at that point were Huguenot incomers. The patent for the achromatic telescope has never been satisfactorily explained in the literature, and the author has gone back to the original legal documents, never before consulted. He teases out the problems, lays out the evidence, and comes to some interesting new conclusions, showing the Dollonds as hard-headed and ruthless businessmen, ultimately extremely successful. The latter part of the book accounts for the successors of Francis Watkins, and their decline after over a century of successful business in central London.