The Impact Of Policy Reform And Institutional Transformation On Agricultural Performance

Author : Beyene Tadesse
Publisher : Peter Lang Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 0820476919

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The Impact of Policy Reform and Institutional Transformation on Agricultural Performance by Beyene Tadesse Pdf

Inspired by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, many less developed countries have carried out economic policy reforms and institutional changes. However, it has become increasingly clear that due to lags in institutional and infrastructure development results of policy reforms are unsatisfactory. This study focuses on assessing the impact of policy reform on agricultural production in Ethiopia. It investigates components of output growth, input use, technical efficiency and technological progress by applying a Stochastic Production Frontier model on a detailed rural household database. It also examines the degree of product price instability and its impacts on modern input use and food supply using a Vector Error Correction model on time series data. The study concludes by pointing out the prospects and constraints of agricultural transformation in Ethiopia.

Author : Beyene Tadesse,Beyene Tadesse Ferenji
Publisher : Peter Lang Pub Incorporated
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3631535775

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The Impact of Policy Reform and Institutional Transformation on Agricultural Performance by Beyene Tadesse,Beyene Tadesse Ferenji Pdf

Inspired by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, many less developed countries have carried out economic policy reforms and institutional changes. However, it has become increasingly clear that due to lags in institutional and infrastructure development results of policy reforms are unsatisfactory. This study focuses on assessing the impact of policy reform on agricultural production in Ethiopia. It investigates components of output growth, input use, technical efficiency and technological progress by applying a Stochastic Production Frontier model on a detailed rural household database. It also examines the degree of product price instability and its impacts on modern input use and food supply using a Vector Error Correction model on time series data. The study concludes by pointing out the prospects and constraints of agricultural transformation in Ethiopia.

Author : A. M. Thompson
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251028672

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Institutional Changes in Agricultural Product and Input Markets and Their Impact on Agricultural Performance by A. M. Thompson Pdf

Author : Xiangping Jia
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Banks and banking
ISBN : 3631582854

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Credit Rationing and Institutional Constraint by Xiangping Jia Pdf

The availability of credit has long occupied a central place in development strategies. Rural credit institutions are more than an instrument of intermediation, they also handle risk, mobilize and disseminate information about market and technology. Given the informational problems and innate disadvantages of rural credit markets, the rationale for laissez-faire and liberalization is by no means based on a sound understanding of the state's role in redressing market failures. This study examines the rural credit market in China, its impacts on agricultural transformation and the state's role in the functioning of markets. The particular objectives are to identify the determinants of credit rationing in both formal and informal sectors, to show the extent of credit rationing, to reveal the dynamic role of institutional lending in agricultural transformation, and to understand the challenges in developing efficient institutions.

Author : Jakob Rupert Friederichsen
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Agricultural development projects
ISBN : 3631588429

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Opening Up Knowledge Production Through Participatory Research? by Jakob Rupert Friederichsen Pdf

Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--University of Hohenheim, 2008.

Author : Sebastian M. Scholz
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Carbon dioxide mitigation
ISBN : 3631592507

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Rural Development Through Carbon Finance by Sebastian M. Scholz Pdf

In a timely contribution to the international discussion of the post-Kyoto climate regime this study hypothesizes that Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in the land use and forestry sector are an efficient instrument for climate change mitigation that contributes to rural development and poverty alleviation at the same time. To this end, the study analyzes socio-economic aspects of a forestry project established under the CDM rules considering an East African case study exemplarily. An agricultural household survey in Tanzania delivered the empirical data for the structural equation model at the center of the analysis. Looking at different farm assets it is shown that the benefits of land use-related climate projects go way beyond pure mitigation. They also have a positive impact on a very broad asset base on which poor farm households depend. Hence, the current CDM only allowing for afforestation and reforestation projects is far too restricted to deliver on its twin objective.

Author : David H. Shinn,Thomas P. Ofcansky
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
Page : 694 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780810874572

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Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia by David H. Shinn,Thomas P. Ofcansky Pdf

Ethiopia is clearly one of the most important countries in Africa. First of all, with about 75 million people, it is the third most populous country in Africa. Second, it is very strategically located, in the Horn of Africa and bordering Eritrea, Sudan, Kenya, and Somalia, with some of whom it has touchy and sometimes worse relations. Yet, its capital – Addis Ababa – is the headquarters of the African Union, the prime meeting place for Africa’s leaders. So, if things went poorly in Ethiopia, this would not be good for Africa, and for a long time this was the case, with internal disruption rife, until it was literally suppressed under the strong rule of the recently deceased Meles Zenawi. The Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia, Second Edition covers the history of Ethiopia through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has several hundred cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Ethiopia.

Author : Borbála E. Bálint
Publisher : Peter Lang Publishing
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : CORNELL:31924103809079

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Determinants of Commercial Orientation and Sustainability of Agricultural Production of the Individual Farms in Romania by Borbála E. Bálint Pdf

Subsistence farming, a widespread phenomenon in developing countries, emerged as well in Central and East European and former Soviet Union countries during their transformation process from a centrally planned to a market economy. Romania is one of the Eastern European countries with a large share of subsistence farmers where the commercialization of agriculture could be a means of reducing rural poverty and increasing the competitiveness of agriculture, although with possibly detrimental effects on the environment. The study examines which constraints should be addressed to promote commercial orientation and how commercial orientation and ecological sustainability are related. Based on an agricultural household survey in 2003 and with the help of econometric analysis, the research finds that, against the conventional wisdom, in the current Romanian context commercial orientation and ecological sustainability are positively related. Moreover, commercial orientation is negatively influenced by high transaction costs related to the lack of demand from processing factories and wholesalers as well as lack of cooperation.

Author : Kamiljon T. Akramov, Nurbek Omuraliev
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Institutional change, rural services, and agricultural performance in Kyrgyzstan by Kamiljon T. Akramov, Nurbek Omuraliev Pdf

Author : Chris Bramall
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134190508

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Chinese Economic Development by Chris Bramall Pdf

This book outlines and analyzes the economic development of China between 1949 and 2007. Rather than being narrowly economic, the book addresses many of the broader aspects of development, including literacy, morality, demographics and the environment. The distinctive features of this book are its sweep and that it does not shy away from controversial issues. For example, there is no question that aspects of Maoism were disastrous but Bramall argues that there was another side to the whole programme. More recently, the current system of government has presided over three decades of very rapid economic growth. However, the author shows that this growth has come at a price. Bramall makes it clear that unless radical change takes place, Chinese growth will not be sustainable. This large, comprehensive text is relevant to all those studying the economic history of China as well as its contemporary economy. It is also useful more generally for students and researchers in the fields of international and development economics.

Author : Prabhu Pingali,Gershon Feder
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781315314044

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Agriculture and Rural Development in a Globalizing World by Prabhu Pingali,Gershon Feder Pdf

Rapid structural transformation and urbanization are transforming agriculture and food production in rural areas across the world. This textbook provides a comprehensive review and assessment of the multi-faceted nature of agriculture and rural development, particularly in the developing world, where the greatest challenges occur. It is designed around five thematic parts: Agricultural Intensification and Technical Change; Political Economy of Agricultural Policies; Community and Rural Institutions; Agriculture, Nutrition, and Health; and Future Relevance of International Institutions. Each chapter presents a detailed but accessible review of the literature on the specific topic and discusses the frontiers in research and institutional changes needed as societies adapt to the transformation processes. All authors are eminent scholars with international reputations, who have been actively engaged in the contemporary debates around agricultural development and rural transformation.

Author : Meike Wollni
Publisher : Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105123355070

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Coping with the Coffee Crisis by Meike Wollni Pdf

At the turn of the millennium, world coffee prices dropped to their lowest levels in 30 years giving rise to the most severe crisis experienced by the coffee sector. The study evaluates the effects of the coffee crisis on the Costa Rican coffee sector and identifies the factors that influence farmers' production and marketing performance. A two-step selection model is applied to analyze farmers' participation in specialty markets and cooperatives and the effects on producer prices. Furthermore, a stochastic production frontier is estimated to explore technical efficiency levels of specialty and conventional coffee farmers. Based on the results of the study, policy recommendations are derived that should help farmers to improve their competitiveness and their ability to cope with the crisis. These include the provision of extension and information, the support of coffee cooperatives, and the diversification of the rural economy.

Author : Uma Lele,Manmohan Agarwal,Brian C. Baldwin,Sambuddha Goswami
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1024 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191071430

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Food for All by Uma Lele,Manmohan Agarwal,Brian C. Baldwin,Sambuddha Goswami Pdf

Many developing countries are falling behind sustainable development goals: food and nutrition levels have deteriorated due to conflict, climate change, and the Covid pandemic, while global ambitions for achieving sustainable food security and adequate nutrition have increased. But what are the prospects of achieving sustainable, healthy food for all? What is the best response to concerns about growing differentiation among developing countries in terms of domestic agricultural and industrial performance? How have global institutions, established during the post-World War Two period, helped developing countries to deal with the past economic fallout of food, fuel, and financial crises? Food for All explores how developments since these organizations were established have led to changes in the provision of international financial and technical assistance in support of the global food and agriculture system and how developing countries' own efforts have helped transform them These developments, and the increase in the number of global actors, have expanded and complicated global governance, presenting both opportunities for as well as challenges to the improvement of food systems. This volume provides an analysis of the structure, coordination, and management of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and the World Food Programme (WFP). It also looks at the World Bank, the largest international funder of policy advice and investment projects, and CGIAR, a leading funder of international agricultural research. This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.

Author : Pamela Marinda
Publisher : Peter Lang Publishing
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UOM:39015066857148

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Effects of Gender Inequality in Resource Ownership and Access on Household Welfare and Food Security in Kenya by Pamela Marinda Pdf

Gender equality and empowerment of women is one of the effective ways to combat poverty, hunger and disease, and to stimulate development that is sustainable. The government of Kenya has made efforts to promote women's active involvement in all areas of societal development, in addition to ensuring that development is based on the contributions and concerns of both men and women. Despite these efforts, there are still clear gender inequalities in areas where both men and women's roles are visible, for example in health, education, agriculture and in some remunerated work. The aim of this paper is to assess the social and economic costs of gender discrimination; these costs are incurred in suboptimal resource allocation, in lost agricultural productivity and in deficient nutrition of household members ... This study argues that: with the same access and control of productive resources by both male and female headed households in a given geographical area, the levels of agricultural productivity and nutrition outcomes in male headed households should not be significantly different from those of female headed households. Any difference would be attributed to differences in access to resource caused by gender discrimination. The study analyses the food and nutrition situation in female and male headed households in relation to access to human capital, financial capital and land. The results show that human and financial capitals are the main resources that caused variations in both agricultural productivity and nutritional status in the two categories of households. Despite male headed households having access to more land than the female headed households, there was no significant difference in average area of land cultivated in the two categories of households. Economic cost analysis of unequal access to resources by gender is done using an econometric model.

Author : Ellen B. McCullough,Prabhu L. Pingali,Kostas G. Stamoulis
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251059624

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The Transformation of Agri-food Systems by Ellen B. McCullough,Prabhu L. Pingali,Kostas G. Stamoulis Pdf

The driving forces of income growth, demographic shifts, globalisation and technical change have led to a reorganisation of food systems from farm to plate. The characteristics of supply chains - particularly the role of supermarkets - linking farmers have changed, from consumption and retail to wholesale, processing, procurement and production. This has had a dramatic effect on smallholder farmers, particularly in developing countries. This book presents a comprehensive framework for assessing the impacts of changing agri-food systems on smallholder farmers, recognising the importance of heterogeneity between developing countries as well as within them. The book includes a number of case studies from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Eastern Europe, which are used to illustrate differences in food systems' characteristics and trends. The country case studies explore impacts on the small farm sector across different countries, local contexts and farm types