The Influence Of Naval Power On The Course Of The Spanish Civil War 1936 1939

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:227954241

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Influence of Naval Power on the Course of the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939 by Anonim Pdf

The role of the great powers in the Spanish Civil War and the war on land that they were able to influence has been much studied. What has not been studied or well understood to a great extent is the role that naval power played and its decisive influence on the war fought on the Iberian Peninsula. To appreciate how the rebels (or Nationalists) were able to overthrow a left of center but very much democratically elected government (the Republicans) it is important to understand the role that sea power played. Spain historically has been very dependent upon imports and diligently maintained sea lines of communication with a relatively strong navy. When the government was not quickly overthrown in a coup, the coup degenerated into a war of attrition. Accordingly, each side quickly became dependent upon the importation of war materials. Should either the Republicans or Nationalists not be able to maintain their sea lines of communication, the war would be lost despite the valiant efforts of the soldiers on land. Fundamentally, the government of Spain, the Republic, lost the Spanish Civil War because they were not able to control the seas and maintain the sea lines of communication.

Author : John M. Kersh,Army War College (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Spain
ISBN : OCLC:47078252

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Influence of Naval Power on the Course of the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939 by John M. Kersh,Army War College (U.S.) Pdf

The role of the great powers in the Spanish Civil War and the war on land that they were able to influence has been much studied. What has not been studied or well understood to a great extent is the role that naval power played and its decisive influence on the war fought on the Iberian Peninsula. To appreciate how the rebels (or Nationalists) were able to overthrow a left of center but very much democratically elected government (the Republicans) it is important to understand the role that sea power played. Spain historically has been very dependent upon imports and diligently maintained sea lines of communication with a relatively strong navy. When the government was not quickly overthrown in a coup, the coup degenerated into a war of attrition. Accordingly, each side quickly became dependent upon the importation of war materials. Should either the Republicans or Nationalists not be able to maintain their sea lines of communication, the war would be lost despite the valiant efforts of the soldiers on land. Fundamentally, the government of Spain, the Republic, lost the Spanish Civil War because they were not able to control the seas and maintain the sea lines of communication.

Author : John M. Kersh
Publisher : Nimble Books
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2010-06
Category : History
ISBN : 1608880265

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The Influence of Naval Power on the Course of the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939 by John M. Kersh Pdf

The Spanish Civil War was a proving ground for new military technologies--but it also served to reaffirm fundamental strategic and geographic principles. In this essay written at the U.S. Army War College, Commander Kersh argues that the Republican cause lost because it was unable to control the sea lines of communication that have always been so important to Spain. The cover photo shows the German pocket battleship ADMIRAL SCHEER in Gibraltar in 1936.

Author : Michael Alpert
Publisher : Pen and Sword Maritime
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526764379

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The Spanish Civil War at Sea by Michael Alpert Pdf

The Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 underlined the importance of the sea as the supply route to both General Franco's insurgents and the Spanish Republic. There were attempted blockades by Franco as well as attacks by his Italian and German allies against legitimate neutral, largely British, merchant shipping bound for Spanish Republican ports and challenges to the Royal Navy, which was obliged to maintain a heavy presence in the area. The conflict provoked splits in British public opinion. Events at sea both created and reflected the international tensions of the latter 1930s, when the policy of appeasement of Germany and Italy dissuaded Britain from taking action against those countries’ activities in Spain, except to participate in a largely ineffective naval patrol to try to prevent the supply of war material to both sides. The book is based on original documentary sources in both Britain and Spain and is intended for the general reader as well as students and academics interested in the history of the 1930s, in naval matters and in the Spanish Civil War.

Author : E. R. Hooton
Publisher : Casemate
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2024-05-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781636242767

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Franco's Pirates by E. R. Hooton Pdf

The first comprehensive account of the naval aspects of the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish Civil War was won and lost upon the high seas. It was won because the Nationalists had an uninterrupted flow of men and materials while Republican sea lanes were attacked by Fascist warships, submarines, and aircraft—the pirates of the title. These attacks also involved dozens of foreign merchantmen and warships, including American, as well as hundreds of men, women, and boys. The worst affected was the British merchant marine, which dominated Spanish trade—some owners used rust buckets to maximise profits in a trade, which resulted in the loss of 66 British lives. The naval element of the Spanish Civil War began with a rebellion followed by a mutiny and a massacre. Both the German and Italian navies became involved in the naval war, attacking Spanish ships and then British warships and merchantmen. A blockade in the north led to confrontations between the Royal Navy and Nationalist Navy, the mining of a British liner and tales of daring among determined British master mariners. Later in the war there were attacks by Italian surface warships, submarines, and aircraft against foreign shipping in the Mediterranean and Aegean leading to the British and French threatening pirate submarines. This is a story of exploitation, heroism, chauvinism, piracy, international inaction, and espionage which has never been told. It includes details of such things as the first aerial campaign against shipping and the first operational use of sonar against a submarine.

Author : Phillip Drew
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-12-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192536464

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The Law of Maritime Blockade by Phillip Drew Pdf

Although appearing to be a relatively benign method of warfare when viewed from a distance, a close examination of maritime blockade unveils a sinister character that can, in cases where countries are highly reliant on imports of foodstuffs to feed their populations, prove incredibly deadly, particularly for the young and elderly. This book is unique in that it is the only contemporary book that is dedicated to the study of the law of maritime blockade in the context of modern humanitarian law. Reviewing the development of blockade law over the past four centuries, The Law of Maritime Blockade provides a historical analysis of the law as it emerged, tracing its evolution through armed conflicts between 1684 and the present. Referring to the starvation caused by the blockade of Germany during World War I and the humanitarian crisis caused by the sanctions regime against Iraq (1991-2003), this book demonstrates that blockade can have extremely deleterious effects for vulnerable civilian populations. In this context the current law of blockade is examined, and found to be deficient in terms of its protection for civilians. Recognizing and advocating that blockade should remain as a valid and effective method of warfare, the book offers a template for a modern law of maritime blockade that incorporates many of the traditional aspects of the law, while reducing the possibilities that blockades can cause or exacerbate humanitarian disasters.

Author : Gaynor Johnson
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781443809436

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The International Context of the Spanish Civil War by Gaynor Johnson Pdf

This book, which consists of essays by leading scholars in the field of twentieth century international history, examines the wider context of one of the most bitter and bloody civil wars in European history - the Spanish Civil War. The chapters discuss all of the major debates that surround the ideological and political context of the war, including the extent to which it could be regarded as a 'dress rehearsal' for the Second World War. The book also debates the nature of civil war in the twentieth century and as such will be of interest to military and international historians as well as to historians of the history of ideas.

Author : Michael Alpert
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1994-06-28
Category : History
ISBN : 0312120168

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A New International History of the Spanish Civil War by Michael Alpert Pdf

'...a lucid and scholarly account of an important and immensely complex subject...Dr. Alpert's command of a broad range of archival material, printed documents and secondary works in six languages is extremely impressive.' - P. Preston, London School of Economics and Political Science It is now twenty years since a study was dedicated to the international aspects of the Spanish Civil War and this new synthesis covering the whole of the era and setting it against major events of the late 1930s is well overdue. Michael Alpert takes full advantage of newly accessible archival sources to disentangle the intricacies of this complex issue.

Author : Amrahs Hseham
Publisher : Mahesh Dutt Sharma
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2024-01-05
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Remarkable Historical Events That Transformed Our World Part-4 by Amrahs Hseham Pdf

The selection of events within these pages is diverse, spanning continents and centuries. From ancient epochs to the modern era, each chapter encapsulates a slice of time where the world stood still, where the echoes of these events reverberated through the corridors of time. Whether it be the rise and fall of empires, groundbreaking scientific discoveries, or social revolutions that challenged the status quo, each event contributed to the mosaic of human history. In the pages that follow, readers will encounter the courage of individuals who defied the odds, the resilience of societies that weathered storms of change, and the ingenuity that propelled humanity forward. The narrative unfolds like a captivating drama, inviting readers to witness the twists and turns of historical sagas that continue to shape the world we inhabit. As we reflect on these unforgettable events, it is crucial to recognize their enduring relevance. History is not a static entity confined to the past; it is a dynamic force that reverberates into the present and future. The lessons embedded in these narratives offer insights into the complexities of human nature, the consequences of our actions, and the potential for positive transformation.

Author : Benjamin Frankel
Publisher : Saint James Press
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105120928382

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History in Dispute by Benjamin Frankel Pdf

Annotation Offers students different critical perspectives on major historical events, drawn from all time periods and from all parts of the globe. Each volume has a thematic, era or subject-specific focus and contains roughly 50 entries. Entries begin with a brief overview summarizing the controversy followed by two or more signed, point-counterpoint essays.

Author : Frances Lannon
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472810069

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The Spanish Civil War by Frances Lannon Pdf

The Spanish Civil War of 1936-39 was of enormous international as well as national significance. In this gripping volume, Frances Lannon explains how this internal conflict between democracy and its enemies escalated to involve Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and the Soviet Union. We go behind the scenes to find out the true story of the bitter fighting within the sides, not just between them. The experiences of the men and women caught up in the fighting are highlighted. For them, and for a world on the brink of the Second World War, the stakes were agonisingly high.

Author : Robert H. Whealey
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813148632

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Hitler And Spain by Robert H. Whealey Pdf

The Spanish Civil War, begun in July 1936, was a preliminary round of World War II. Hitler's and Mussolini's cooperation with General Franco resulted in the Axis agreement of October 1936 and the subsequent Pact of Steel of May 1939, immediately following the end of the Civil War. This study presents comprehensive documentation of Hitler's use of the upheaval in Spain to strengthen the Third Reich diplomatically, ideologically, economically, and militarily. While the last great cause drew all eyes to Western Europe and divided the British and especially the French internally, Hitler could pursue territorial gains in Eastern Europe. This book, based on little-known German records and recently opened Spanish archives, fills a major gap in our understanding of one of the 20th century's most significant conflicts. Its comprehensive treatment of German-Spanish relations from 1936 through 1939, bringing together diplomatic, economic, military, and naval aspects, will be of great value to specialists in European diplomacy and the political economy of Nazi imperialism, as well as to all students of the Spanish Civil War.

Author : Robert H. Whealey
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813182759

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Hitler and Spain by Robert H. Whealey Pdf

“An imperative starting point of any future inquiry concerning Nazi Germany’s incursion into and manipulation of Spain’s civil strife.” —International History Review The Spanish Civil War, begun in July 1936, was a preliminary round of World War II. Hitler’s and Mussolini’s cooperation with General Franco resulted in the Axis agreement of October 1936 and the subsequent Pact of Steel of May 1939, immediately following the end of the Civil War. This study presents comprehensive documentation of Hitler’s use of the upheaval in Spain to strengthen the Third Reich diplomatically, ideologically, economically, and militarily. While the last great cause drew all eyes to Western Europe and divided the British and especially the French internally, Hitler could pursue territorial gains in Eastern Europe. This book, based on little-known German records and recently opened Spanish archives, fills a major gap in our understanding of one of the twentieth century’s most significant conflicts. Its comprehensive treatment of German-Spanish relations from 1936 through 1939, bringing together diplomatic, economic, military, and naval aspects, will be of great value to specialists in European diplomacy and the political economy of Nazi imperialism, as well as to all students of the Spanish Civil War. “A major contribution to understanding not only the Spanish conflict, but also the history of the thirties and, in particular, the failure of Britain, France and the Soviet Union to make common cause against fascist powers.” —History Workshop Journal

Author : Stephen Schwartz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000674897

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Brotherhood of the Sea by Stephen Schwartz Pdf

In 1934, the Pacific Coast was shaken by a massive strike of waterfront workers- on the docks and the ships. In this mighty struggle, the Sailor’s Union of the Pacific, quiescent since it’s defeat in the period after the first World War was reborn. Fighting on San Francisco’s Embarcadero led to the stationing of National Guard troops on the ‘front’. This book looks at the Union from 1885 to 1985.

Author : William H. Tantum,E. J. Hoffschmidt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Airplanes, Military
ISBN : STANFORD:36105080739563

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The Rise and Fall of the German Air Force, 1933 to 1945 by William H. Tantum,E. J. Hoffschmidt Pdf