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Author : Hernán Flom
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-25
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781009170727
This book shows how police and politicians in Latin America informally regulate drug markets using corruption and violence.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Organized crime
ISBN : 9211303168
This report is one of several studies conducted by UNODC on organized crime threats around the world. These studies describe what is known about the mechanics of contraband trafficking - the what, who, how, and how much of illicit flows - and discuss their potential impact on governance and development. Their primary role is diagnostic, but they also explore the implications of these findings for policy. Publisher's note.
Author : Javier Auyero,Philippe I. Bourgois,Nancy Scheper-Hughes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780190221447
The inhabitants of the urban margins are hardly ever heard in discussions about public safety.
Author : Marcelo Bergman,Gustavo Fondevila
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108487887
Rather than reducing criminality, prisons in Latin America drive crime by creating the conditions for its growth.
Author : Andreas E. Feldmann,Juan Pablo Luna
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 97 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108960601
This Element investigates the relationship between the narcotics industry and politics and assesses how it influences domestic political dynamics, including economic development prospects in Latin America. It argues that links between criminal organizations, politicians, and state agents give rise to criminal politics (i.e., the interrelated activity of politicians, organized crime actors, and state agents in pursuing their respective agendas and goals). Criminal politics is upending how countries function politically and, consequently, impacting the prospects and nature of their social and economic development. The Element claims that diverse manifestations of criminal politics arise depending on how different phases of drug-trafficking activity (e.g., production, trafficking, and money laundering) interact with countries' distinct politico-institutional endowments. The argument is probed through the systematic examination of four cases that have received scant attention in the specialized literature: Chile,Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay.
Author : Yanilda María González
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108830393
Explains the persistence of violent, unaccountable policing in democratic contexts.
Author : Jonathan D. Rosen,Sebastián A. Cutrona
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000901092
Leading scholars and policy analysts from around the Americas come together to untangle the factors that have fuelled the implementation of mano dura politics, their rising popularity, and impacts across nine widely heterogeneous countries in Latin America. Beginning with a discussion on the concept of mano dura, the editors move to survey various theoretical approaches to punitivism, and later review of the empirical research evaluating different drivers behind the adoption of tough on crime policies. Since hard-line initiatives often have consequences beyond the general goal of reducing violence, they then analyze the impacts of these policing strategies on crime rates and different democratic institutions. Country chapters on Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina follow a common thematic structure to answer the following questions: What are some of the trends in gangs, organized crime, and violence? How have governments responded to combat crime and violence? What factors have fuelled the implementation of mano dura policies? Why are mano dura policies popular? What have the consequences of these policies been? Mano Dura Policies in Latin America is essential reading to students of Latin American studies, political science, public policy, and criminal justice. It will also interest scholars working on drug trafficking, organized crime, and violence in Latin America.
Author : Edesio Fernandes
Publisher : Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1558442022
In large Latin American cities the number of dwellings in informal settlements ranges from one-tenth to one-third of urban residences. These informal settlements are caused by low income, unrealistic urban planning, lack of serviced land, lack of social housing, and a dysfunctional legal system. The settlements develop over time and some have existed for decades, often becoming part of the regular development of the city, and therefore gaining rights, although usually lacking formal titles. Whether they are established on public or private land, they develop irregularly and often do not have critical public services such as sanitation, resulting in health and environmental hazards. In this report from the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, author Edesio Fernandes, a lawyer and urban planner from Latin America, studies the options for regularization of the informal settlements. Regularization is looked at through established programs in both Peru and Brazil, in an attempt to bring these settlements much needed balance and improvement. In Peru, based on Hernando de Soto's theory that tenure security triggers development and increases property value, from 1996 to 2006, 1.5 million freehold titles were issued at a cost of $64 per household. This did result in an increase of property values by about 25 percent, making the program cost effective. Brazil took a much broader and more costly approach to regularization by not only titling the land, but improving public services, job creation, and community support structures. This program in Brazil has had a cost of between $3,500 to $5,000 per household and has affected a much lower percent of the population. The report offers recommendations for improving regularization policy and identifies issues that must be addressed, such as collecting data with baseline figures to get a true evaluation of the benefit of programs established. Also, it shows that each individual informal settlement must have a customized plan, as a single approach will not work for each settlement. There is a need to include both genders for long-term effectiveness and to find ways to make the regularization self-sustaining financially. Any program must be closely monitored to insure the conditions are improved for the marginalized, as well as be sure it is not causing new informal settlements to be established.
Author : Inter-American Dialogue (Organization),Catalina Botero,Laura Chinchilla,Ana Covarrubis,Augusto de la Torre,Alain Ize,Andrés Malamud,George Gray Molina,Robert Muggah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Cooperation
ISBN : 1733727612
The volume takes a broad view of recent social, political, and economic developments in Latin America. It contains six essays, focused on salient and cross-cutting themes, that try to construct a thread or narrative about the highly diverse region, highlighting its main idiosyncrasies and analyzing where it might be headed in coming years. While the essays recognize considerable advances, they also point out setbacks and missed opportunities that have stood in the way of sustained progress. Strengthening state capacity emerges as a significant challenge.
Author : John Gledhill
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-07-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781783603053
When viewed from the perspective of those who suffer the consequences of repressive approaches to public security, it is often difficult to distinguish state agents from criminals. The mistreatment by police and soldiers examined in this book reflects a new kind of stigmatization. The New War on the Poor links the experiences of labour migrants crossing Latin America’s international borders, indigenous Mexicans defending their territories against capitalist mega-projects, drug wars and paramilitary violence, Afro-Brazilians living on the urban periphery of Salvador, and farmers and business people tired of paying protection to criminal mafias. John Gledhill looks at how and why governments are failing to provide security to disadvantaged citizens while all too often painting them as a menace to the rest of society simply for being poor.
Author : Guillermo Trejo,Sandra Ley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108841740
When widespread state-criminal collusion persists in transitions from autocracy to democracy, electoral competition becomes a catalyst of large-scale criminal violence.
Author : José Antonio Ocampo,Jaime Ros
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 959 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2011-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199571048
A comprehensive overview of the key factors affecting the development of Latin American economies that examines long-term growth performance, macroeconomic issues, Latin American economies in the global context, technological and agricultural policies, and the evolution of labour markets, the education sector, and social security programmes.
Author : Marianne Fay
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821360698
About half of the region's poor live in cities, and policy makers across Latin America are increasingly interested in policy advice on how to design programmes and policies to tackle poverty. This publication argues that the causes of poverty, the nature of deprivation, and the policy levers to fight poverty are, to a large extent, site specific. It therefore focuses on strategies to assist the urban poor in making the most of the opportunities offered by cities, such as larger labour markets and better services, while helping them cope with the negative aspects, such as higher housing costs, pollution, risk of crime and less social capital.
Author : Enrique Desmond Arias
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781107153936
Through an examination of violent neighborhoods this book shows how criminals affect local politics in Colombia, Brazil, and Jamaica.
Author : Cláudia Costa Storti,Paul de Grauwe
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262016551
Economists explore the relationship between expanding international trade and the parallel growth in illicit trade, including illegal drugs, smuggling, and organized crime. As international trade has expanded dramatically in the postwar period--an expansion accelerated by the opening of China, Russia, India, and Eastern Europe--illicit international trade has grown in tandem with it. This volume uses the economist's toolkit to examine the economic, political, and social problems resulting from such illicit activities as illegal drug trade, smuggling, and organized crime. The contributors consider several aspects of the illegal drug market, including the sometimes puzzling relationships among purity, price, and risk; the effect of globalization on the heroin and cocaine markets, examined both through mathematical models and with empirical data from the U.K; the spread of khat, a psychoactive drug imported legally to the U.K. as a vegetable; and the economic effect of the "war on drugs" on producer and consumer countries. Other chapters examine the hidden financial flows of organized crime, patterns of smuggling in international trade, Iran's illicit trading activity, and the impact of mafia-like crime on foreign direct investment in Italy.