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The Japanese Merchant Marine in World War II by Mark P. Parillo Pdf
Making extensive use of Japanese and U.S. sources, including wartime intelligence reports from the National Defense Archives in Tokyo and recently declassified U.S. documents, this book examines the reasons for Japan's failure to protect its merchant fleet.
A World War II merchant seaman, John Bunker takes a thorough look at the American merchant marines' significant contributions to the war effort. There are plenty of fascinating facts about their extensive supply operations, but the focus of the book is on the men and their often-heroic actions. Bunker draws from his own experiences to describe the action at sea and also includes the personal stories of many other civilian participants. It is an engaging portrayal of the courage, bravery, and ingenuity demonstrated by these merchant seamen. All theaters of operation using U.S. merchant ships are covered; in addition, Bunker provides information on events before the country entered the war when efforts were being made to build more ships and to recruit the men necessary to crew the huge fleet.
"The United States Merchant Marine provided the greatest sealift in history between the production army at home and the fighting forces scattered around the globe in World War II. The prewar total of 55,000 experienced mariners was increased to over 215,000 through U. S. Maritime Service training programs. Merchant ships faced danger from submarines, mines, armed raiders, and destroyers, aircraft (kamikaze), and the element. About 8,300 mariners were killed at sea, 12.00 wounded of whom at least, 1, 100 died from their wounds, and 663 men and women were taken prisoner. Some were blown to death, some incinerated, some drowned, some froze and some starved. Many died in prison camps or aboard Japanese ships while being transported to other camps. 31 ships vanished without a trace to a watery grave. ( Total killed estimated 9,300) "
Japanese Military Strategy in the Pacific War by James B Wood Pdf
In this provocative history, James B. Wood challenges the received wisdom that Japan's defeat in the Pacific was historically inevitable. He argues instead that it was only when the Japanese military prematurely abandoned its original sound strategic plan—to secure the resources Japan needed and establish a viable defensible perimeter for the Empire—that the Allies were able to regain the initiative and lock Japanese forces into a war of attrition they were not prepared to fight. The book persuasively shows how the Japanese army and navy had both the opportunity and the capability to have fought a different and more successful war in the Pacific that could have influenced the course and outcome of World War II. It is therefore a study both of Japanese defeat and of what was needed to achieve a potential Japanese victory, or at the very least, to avoid total ruin. Wood's argument does not depend on signal individual historical events or dramatic accidents. Instead it examines how familiar events could have b
The Japanese Navy in World War II by David C. Evans Pdf
Top-ranking Japanese officers offer their personal perspectives of the Pacific War. Lauded by historians and World War II buffs eager for the Japanese viewpoint, this collection of essays makes significant contributions to the field of World War II literature. This second edition, originally published in 1986, adds five articles to the original twelve to provide a full picture of the Japanese’s navy’s role in the war. Most of these moving accounts were written in the 1950s and retain the immediacy felt by the writers when they participated in the events. They provide valuable information on the strategy, tactics, and operations of the Japanese fleet, as well as insights into the personalities and motives of its leaders. Here, Vice Admiral Shigeru Fukudome comes to grips with allegations that the assault on Pearl Harbor represented strategic folly, political blundering, and tactical stupidity. Captain Mitsuo Fuchida describes how his bombing group unleashed “devils of doom” on Battleship Row, and Mitsuru Yoshida gives an eye-witness account of the sinking of the famous battleship Yamato. The new contributions to the volume, translated especially for this book by the editor, discuss operations in the Indian Ocean, the battle of the Philippine Sea, the protection of merchant shipping, submarine warfare, and Japan’s overll naval strategy. A brief introduction precedes each essay to set it in historical context, and a biographical summary of each contributor is included. A striking collection of photographs and maps, many of which are new to this edition, augment the text.
Author : George J Billy,Christine M Billy Publisher : University Press of Florida Page : 305 pages File Size : 45,9 Mb Release : 2008-09-14 Category : History ISBN : 9780813047904
Merchant Mariners at War by George J Billy,Christine M Billy Pdf
Thousands of cargo ships sailed in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters of World War II manned by young men who braved blockades, torpedoes, and bombings to deliver vital supplies to the Allied forces and make victory possible. These mariners have received little if any credit; they are the forgotten group of "the greatest generation." Merchant Mariners at War offers firsthand accounts of the wartime experiences of veterans who graduated from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy--the largest supplier of ships' officers in WWII. Gathered over more than a decade at the academy in Kings Point, New York, the interviews offer a unique portrait of the young officers who delivered the vital war materiel and provide a valuable window into the world of the merchant marine during WWII. The stories often include startling accounts of privation and endurance. Their stories give voice to a new perspective on WWII maritime history. Chapters cover such subjects as Liberty ships, U-Boats, the Battle of the Atlantic, D-Day, the Philippines, the vast Pacific, and the Murmansk Run. Throughout the book, interesting anecdotes from the veterans enliven the narrative and add to its contribution to the historical record--heretofore non-existent.
Author : Syd C. Heal Publisher : US Naval Institute Press Page : 188 pages File Size : 52,8 Mb Release : 2003 Category : History ISBN : UOM:39015056316774
Borrowing the name given to the Allied Liberty Ships when they first came out, this study details Japan's feverish effort to build a large fleet of so-called Standard Ships to counter the severe losses sustained by her merchant fleet in the Pacific War. The Emergency Standard Ship came at a time when expedience took precedence over good construction standards. Considered the equivalent of the Liberty Ships, the Type-A Standard Ship is the focus of this book with the author describing the Zaibatsu business conglomerate that produced them and then telling how they were able to function with a remarkable degree of reliability in spite of their stripped-down design. From the events preceding Pearl Harbor through the postwar years, the ships are put into political context and complimented by detailed appendixes of the Type-A fleet and other types of Japanese merchants of that era. Forty of the 140 Type-A ships survived World War II and, after extensive upgrades, went on to become an important part of Japan's postwar economic renewal. This volume will be of interest to both ship enthusiasts and those interested in learning about World War II from a new perspective.
In 1942 alone, German U-Boats sank almost four million gross registered tons of Allied ships convoying goods and war supplies to the war ravaged European continent, Britain and North Africa. That same year, 17-year-old Jimmy Kindall leaves his small Mississippi town to join the Merchant Marine. He soon discovers that supplying the troops in unprotected waters exposes him to some of the fiercest battles in WWII.
Battlin' Bastards and Pigboats by Robert K. Harmuth Pdf
Manfield Young, 194th Tank Battalion, and Manny Eneriz, 31st All American Infantry Regiment, awakened on 7 December 1941 to face the beginning of World War II. They fought valianty against unbelievable odds and were surrendered 9 April 1942. They survived the Bataan Death March and three and a half years as POWs, much of it as slaves in Japanese mines under absolute inhumane treatment. Details of their daily lives fighting the enemy and as prisoners of the enemy came from direct interviews with the surviving ex-POWs. The book reviews the poor preparation by the United States for the anticipated attack by Japan and questionable leadership in the Pacific, particularly General Douglas MacArthur. In the early periods of the war, America's only real defense and offense was the thin line of submarines. The American submarine greatly interfaced with American POWs by forcing an early end of the war by the destruction of the Japanese merchant marine and a large share of the Japanese Navy. The "Pigboats" saved many American lives, supported guerrilla and fleet operations, but also cost the lives of thousands of Allied POWs when sinking unmarked Japanese "hellships." The American Submarine Force, combined with Navy, Marine and Army aircraft, caused a delay in the Japanese nuclear weapon development. This permitted America's atomic bombs to end the war and save millions of American and Japanese lives. There is significant evidence the Japanese were close to an operational atomic weapon at war's end. Bob Harmuth
Merchant Marine Survivors of World War II by Michael Gillen Pdf
World War II could not have been won without the U.S. Merchant Marine. Crewed by civilian seamen in peacetime and carrying much of the nation's ocean-borne commerce, the Merchant Marine became the "fourth arm of defense" in wartime, providing vital support for beachheads in all theaters of operation. Twenty World War II Merchant Marine veterans are featured in this oral history. Most had at least one ship torpedoed, bombed, shelled or mined out from under them--some of them two. Some became prisoners of the Japanese for the duration of the war, working on the infamous River Kwai Bridge. Many spent time on lifeboats or flimsy rafts under harsh conditions; one--Donald Zubrod--endured 42 days in a lifeboat with several others before their eventual rescue, close to death. American merchant mariners suffered a casualty rate that was a close second to the Marine Corps during the war.
This is a story of the sea training and service during World War II of two Cadet Midshipmen of the United States Merchant Marine Corps. Only about six thousand cadets were trained during the war, a situation which left these men largely unknown and unidentifiable when on leave. The uniform was much the same as a navy midshipmans uniform and was marked with a USNR emblem. The cadet was, in fact, a midshipman in the U.S. Navy Reserve. The purpose of the corps was to supply officers for the merchant ships being built at a rapid rate for the war effort. There was a danger of there being more ships than there were crews to sail them. The accelerated curriculum undergone by these men was designed for three months basic training, six months sea duty and six months at the Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, New York. Upon graduation, a third mate or third engineers license was issued. Near the end of the war the final training at the academy was extended to one year. After the war, this became a full-time four-year program similar to that at Annapolis. This is a story typical of that of any U.S. merchant ship during wartime. It explores the problems caused by untrained crews, disregarded safety rules, boredom, danger, and storms. However, the men of the Yamhill lead something of a renegade life not usually experienced in running in convoy across the Atlantic. The fact that this voyage lasted nearly a year, traveling halfway around the world alone, operating in all the war zones, visiting seventeen foreign ports, and undergoing several thrilling adventures gives this story perhaps a little extra vitality. For example, there is a day-long battle with a Japanese submarine. The spectacle of a slow, plodding merchant tanker out-dueling a Japanese man o war in a one-on-one engagement puts it high in the chronicles of merchant marine battles with the enemy. For present-day sailors who may wonder about life at sea on board a merchant ship during World War II, this book gives a look into the past and an acquaintance with the wartime merchant marine. For those who were there, it will bring back the memories that may be fast fading away.
Borrowing the name given to the Allied Liberty Ships when they first came out, this study details Japan's feverish effort to build a large fleet of so-called Standard Ships to counter the severe losses sustained by her merchant fleet in the Pacific War. The Emergency Standard Ship came at a time when expedience took precedence over good construction standards. Considered the equivalent of the Liberty Ships, the Type-A Standard Ship is the focus of this book with the author describing the Zaibatsu business conglomerate that produced them and then telling how they were able to function with a remarkable degree of reliability in spite of their stripped-down design. From the events preceding Pearl Harbor through the postwar years, the ships are put into political context and complimented by detailed appendixes of the Type-A fleet and other types of Japanese merchants of that era. Forty of the 140 Type-A ships survived World War II and, after extensive upgrades, went on to become an important part of Japan's postwar economic renewal. This volume will be of interest to both ship enthusiasts and those interested in learning about World War II from a new perspective.
