The Long Shadow Of Temperament

Author : Jerome Kagan,Nancy Snidman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2009-06-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0674039262

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The Long Shadow of Temperament by Jerome Kagan,Nancy Snidman Pdf

We have seen these children—the shy and the sociable, the cautious and the daring—and wondered what makes one avoid new experience and another avidly pursue it. At the crux of the issue surrounding the contribution of nature to development is the study that Jerome Kagan and his colleagues have been conducting for more than two decades. In The Long Shadow of Temperament, Kagan and Nancy Snidman summarize the results of this unique inquiry into human temperaments, one of the best-known longitudinal studies in developmental psychology. These results reveal how deeply certain fundamental temperamental biases can be preserved over development. Identifying two extreme temperamental types—inhibited and uninhibited in childhood, and high-reactive and low-reactive in very young babies—Kagan and his colleagues returned to these children as adolescents. Surprisingly, one of the temperaments revealed in infancy predicted a cautious, fearful personality in early childhood and a dour mood in adolescence. The other bias predicted a bold childhood personality and an exuberant, sanguine mood in adolescence. These personalities were matched by different biological properties. In a masterly summary of their wide-ranging exploration, Kagan and Snidman conclude that these two temperaments are the result of inherited biologies probably rooted in the differential excitability of particular brain structures. Though the authors appreciate that temperamental tendencies can be modified by experience, this compelling work—an empirical and conceptual tour-de-force—shows how long the shadow of temperament is cast over psychological development.

Author : Ann E. Densmore,Margaret L. Bauman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-09
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9780470925874

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Your Successful Preschooler by Ann E. Densmore,Margaret L. Bauman Pdf

The latest research shows that children can be taught--at very early ages--the tools they need to become successful and connected to others. This new book offers parents and teachers the information they need to teach children the most effective ways to engage peers and make social interactions easier and more meaningful. Your Successful Preschooler: Shows how facilitated play can become an opportunity to improve your child's emotional connections with peers Teaches parents and educators how to foster growth in vocabulary and language during play, key ingredients to academic success Presents dozens of anecdotes with dialogues parents can use to teach children how to better relate to their peers Using the methods outlined in the book, parents and teachers can support activities that lead to a lifetime of social success and likeability that are crucial for every child's emotional stability.

Author : Marcel Zentner,Rebecca L. Shiner
Publisher : Guilford Publications
Page : 769 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781462524990

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Handbook of Temperament by Marcel Zentner,Rebecca L. Shiner Pdf

Timely and authoritative, this unique handbook explores the breadth of current knowledge on temperament, from foundational theory and research to clinical applications. Leaders in the field examine basic temperament traits, assessment methods, and what brain imaging and molecular genetics reveal about temperament's biological underpinnings. The book considers the pivotal role of temperament in parent–child interactions, attachment, peer relationships, and the development of adolescent and adult personality and psychopathology. Innovative psychological and educational interventions that take temperament into account are reviewed. Integrative in scope, the volume features extensive cross-referencing among chapters and a forward-looking summary chapter.

Author : David Rettew
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780393708783

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Child Temperament: New Thinking About the Boundary Between Traits and Illness by David Rettew Pdf

Exploring the differences between temperamental traits and psychological disorders. What is the difference between a child who is temperamentally sad and one who has depression? Can a kid be angry by temperament without being mentally ill? How can two thrill-seeking parents end up with a shy, risk-averse child? The subject of personality and how we differ from one another behaviorally has long fascinated parents, teachers, and scientists, but because no true “pathology” was involved, it was traditionally the arena of psychologists and behavioral scientists. Today, the question of temperament—and how it contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders—is one posed by mainstream psychiatry as a major area of investigation. From depression to ADHD to autism, temperament can play a definite role, but how, and to what degree? In this book, David Rettew examines the research and discusses the factors that can propel children with particular temperamental tendencies toward or away from more problematic trajectories.

Author : Gregory J Boyle,Gerald Matthews,Donald H Saklofske
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 809 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781446207024

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The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment by Gregory J Boyle,Gerald Matthews,Donald H Saklofske Pdf

This Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment 2-Volume Set constitutes an essential resource for shaping the future of the scientific foundation of personality research, measurement, and practice. It reviews the major contemporary personality models (Volume 1) and associated psychometric measurement instruments (Volume 2) that underpin the scientific study of this important area of psychology. With contributions from internationally renowned academics, this work will be an important reference work for a host of researchers and practitioners in the fields of individual differences and personality assessment, clinical psychology, educational psychology, work and organizational psychology, health psychology and other applied fields as well. Volume 1: Personality Theories and Models. Deals with the major theoretical models underlying personality instruments and covers the following broad topics, listed by section heading: " Explanatory Models For Personality " Comprehensive Trait Models " Key Traits: Psychobiology " Key Traits: Self-Regulation And Stress " New Trait And Dynamic Trait Constructs " Applications

Author : Savita Malhotra,Paramala Santosh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-11-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9788132236191

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Child and Adolescent Psychiatry by Savita Malhotra,Paramala Santosh Pdf

This is a comprehensive volume on issues and concerns relating to child and adolescent mental health in Asia, which includes contributions from experts in child psychiatry from Asia and other parts of the world. The chapters provide accurate and detailed accounts of the current state of knowledge integrating research approaches and findings from clinical studies. Each chapter discusses existing information, emphasizes areas of growth and provides fresh insights on a particular topic especially as these might relate to Asian populations. The book integrates various clinical and scientific perspectives on psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with a focus on Asia. The various sections deal with important topics in child and adolescent psychiatry: the current understanding of mental disorders and the ways in which possible influences might work in the development of psychopathology; substance use disorders, their neurobiological correlates and implications for the developing brain; early environmental influences in the psychopathology of psychiatric disorders in children; issues of parenting, child rearing and cultural practices in Asia, which influence personality development and adaptation; life-long impact of early parental loss; early diagnosis and intervention in recognizing and treating psychopathology; psychopharmacology of neurodevelopmental disorders in children; non-pharmacological treatments for children; mental health gap, and telepsychiatry as an innovative model to provide services for children; and a pressing need for a comprehensive child mental health policy across nations.

Author : Harry Whitaker,C.U.M. Smith,Stanley Finger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2007-10-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387709673

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Brain, Mind and Medicine: by Harry Whitaker,C.U.M. Smith,Stanley Finger Pdf

No books have been published on the practice of neuroscience in the eighteenth century, a time of transition and discovery in science and medicine. This volume explores neuroscience and reviews developments in anatomy, physiology, and medicine in the era some call the Age of Reason, and others the Enlightenment. Topics include how neuroscience adopted electricity as the nerve force, how disorders such as aphasia and hysteria were treated, Mesmerism, and more.

Author : Theodore Millon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1136 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2011-05-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780470040935

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Disorders of Personality by Theodore Millon Pdf

Now in its Third Edition, this book clarifies the distinctions between the vast array of personality disorders and helps clinicians make accurate diagnoses. It has been thoroughly updated to incorporate the changes in the forthcoming DSM-5. Using the classification scheme he pioneered, Dr. Millon guides clinicians through the intricate maze of personality disorders, with special attention to changes in their conceptualization over the last decade. Extensive new research is included, as well as the incorporation of over 50 new illustrative and therapeutically detailed cases. This is every mental health professional's essential volume to fully understanding personality.

Author : Lawerence K.W. Berg, PhD, Esq.,Karen L. Fingerman, PhD,Jacqui Smith, PhD,Cynthia Berg, PhD
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780826110800

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Handbook of Life-Span Development by Lawerence K.W. Berg, PhD, Esq.,Karen L. Fingerman, PhD,Jacqui Smith, PhD,Cynthia Berg, PhD Pdf

"The handbook is an impressive collection of research studies and theories provided by knowledgeable contributors on life-span development from conception to old age."--Anthropology and Aging Quarterly The doubling of our average life span since the turn of the 20th century is considered by many scholars to be one of the most important changes in human existence. This definitive text is the only volume to fully address, through a multidisciplinary perspective, the biological, cognitive, and psychological development that occurs from infancy through old age, and how the sociocultural and institutional factors interface with these changes. Edited by leading research scholars in the field of life-span development, the volume also includes contributions of specialists in behavioral genetics, socioemotional selectivity theory, neuroscience, ecological models, and more. It examines the dynamics of close relationships and informal ties among the elderly population, child-parent attachment relationships as a life-span phenomenon, developmental tasks across the lifespan, continuity and discontinuity in temperament and personality, the sociocultural context of cognition across the life span, and variability in approaches to social problem solving from early to later life. Given the number of recent demographic shifts, it also explores issues related to fertility, life expectancy, environmental contexts, technology, immigration, and public policy. Key Features: Integrates the full life span from infancy through old age in each chapter Considers multidisciplinary perspectives that address personal relationships, cognitive development, and social, emotional, and physical health across the life span Situates life-span development in ecological contexts (e.g., socioeconomic, neighborhood, and immigration status) Provides a concise but thorough resource for graduate seminars in life-span-related studies Highlights future issues in all areas of life-span study

Author : Allan Tasman,Jerald Kay,Jeffrey A. Lieberman,Michael B. First,Michelle Riba
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2759 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118845493

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Psychiatry by Allan Tasman,Jerald Kay,Jeffrey A. Lieberman,Michael B. First,Michelle Riba Pdf

Now in a new Fourth Edition, Psychiatry remains the leading reference on all aspects of the current practice and latest developments in psychiatry. From an international team of recognised expert editors and contributors, Psychiatry provides a truly comprehensive overview of the entire field of psychiatry in 132 chapters across two volumes. It includes two new sections, on psychosomatic medicine and collaborative care, and on emergency psychiatry, and compares Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD10) classifications for every psychiatric disorder. Psychiatry, Fourth Edition is an essential reference for psychiatrists in clinical practice and clinical research, residents in training, and for all those involved in the treatment psychiatric disorders. Includes a a companion website at www.tasmanpsychiatry.com featuring PDFs of each chapter and downloadable images

Author : Jerome Kagan,Nathan A. Fox,Laurence Steinberg,Nancy Snidman,Vali Kahn,Sara Towsley
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : STANFORD:36105124213237

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Preservation of Two Infant Temperaments Into Adolescence by Jerome Kagan,Nathan A. Fox,Laurence Steinberg,Nancy Snidman,Vali Kahn,Sara Towsley Pdf

This report investigates a longitudinal study on the effects and persistance of early temperament on later temperament and behaviour. 468 children were assessed at infancy, 14 and 21 months, and classifed into 4 temperament style groups: high reactive, low reactive, distressed, or aroused. The children were assessed again at 4, 7, and 11 years of age. This report looks at the latest assessment, of 72 children now aged 14 to 17 years of age. The adolescents' temperament and behaviour are examined from several neurobiological, behavioural, and self-assessment perspectives.

Author : Rebecca DelCarmen-Wiggins,Alice S. Carter
Publisher : Oxford Library of Psychology
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199837182

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The Oxford Handbook of Infant, Toddler, and Preschool Mental Health Assessment by Rebecca DelCarmen-Wiggins,Alice S. Carter Pdf

Revision of: Handbook of infant, toddler, and preschool mental health assessment / edited by Rebecca DelCarmen-Wiggins, Alice Carter. 2004.

Author : John Michels
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 882 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : MINN:31951P00972595F

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Science by John Michels Pdf

Author : Jerome Kagan
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2000-04-07
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780674001978

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Three Seductive Ideas by Jerome Kagan Pdf

Do the first two years of life really determine a childÕs future development? Are human beings, like other primates, only motivated by pleasure? And do people actually have stable traits, like intelligence, fear, anxiety, and temperament? This book, the product of a lifetime of research by one of the founders of developmental psychology, takes on the powerful assumptions behind these questionsÑand proves them mistaken. Ranging with impressive ease from cultural history to philosophy to psychological research literature, Jerome Kagan weaves an argument that will rock the social sciences and the foundations of public policy. Scientists, as well as lay people, tend to think of abstract processesÑlike intelligence or fearÑas measurable entities, of which someone might have more or less. This approach, in KaganÕs analysis, shows a blindness to the power of context and to the great variability within any individual subject to different emotions and circumstances. ÒInfant determinismÓ is another widespread and dearly held conviction that Kagan contests. This theoryÑwith its claim that early relationships determine lifelong patternsÑunderestimates human resiliency and adaptiveness, both emotional and cognitive (and, of course, fails to account for the happy products of miserable childhoods and vice versa). The last of KaganÕs targets is the vastly overrated pleasure principle, which, he argues, can hardly make sense of unselfish behavior impelled by the desire for virtue and self-respectÑthe wish to do the right thing. Written in a lively style that uses fables and fairy tales, history and science to make philosophical points, this book challenges some of our most cherished notions about human nature.

Author : Jerome Kagan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39076002911225

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The Temperamental Thread by Jerome Kagan Pdf

Temperament is the single most pervasive aspect of us and our fellow human beings. We notice it; we gossip about it; we make judgments based on it; we unconsciously shape our lives around it. In The Temperamental Thread, developmental psychologist Jerome Kagan draws on decades of research to describe the nature of temperament--the in-born traits that underlie our responses to experience. Along the way he answers such questions as, How does the temperament we are born with affect the rest of our lives? Are we set at birth on an irrevocable path of optimism or pessimism? Must a fussy baby always become an anxious adult? Kagan paints a picture of temperament as a thread that, when woven with those of life experiences, forms the whole cloth of an individual's personality. He presents solid evidence to show how genes, gender, culture, and chance interact with temperament and influence a mature personality. He explains how temperament sets the stage for the many personality variations that we see all around us. Research into temperament, powered by the new tools of neuroscience and psychological science, is enriching our understanding of others in every context, from our closest relationships to those in workplaces, schools, and even casual encounters. Jerome Kagan shows us how.