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The Meanings of Rights by Costas Douzinas,Conor Gearty Pdf
Questioning some of the repetitive and narrow theoretical writings on rights, a group of leading intellectuals examine human rights from philosophical, theological, historical, literary and political perspectives.
The Meanings of Genealogy for Science and Religion by James S. Tomes Pdf
This book is a refreshingly unique approach to genealogy and its relationships with Science and Religion. It is the author's answer to the questions posed artistically by the painter Paul Gauguin's masterpiece; ?Where Do We Come From? What Are We Made Of? Where Are We Going?, as reproduced on the book cover. Most religions and cultures make important reference to their genealogies. Science, also, since the advent of Darwin's Theory of Evolution and its subsequent development and culmination in DNA and brain science research, has its own genealogy, telling the story of the pre-history and history of mankind, our migrations and the evolution of our behavior and cultures. The author, trained as both a biologist and lawyer, writing as an independent scholar, examines these questions through the various lenses of genealogy, biology, evidence, religion and philosophy. He considers, first: some basic but little known facts of genealogy; then our common mortality and heritage and brother/sisterhood with all mankind; then the variety of world-views; then the different evidentiary bases for science and religion; then a condensed, but comprehensive view of comparative religion and humanism; then the history of Biblical interpretation and Biblical genealogies; and, finally, the history of mankind as seen by science, including the remarkable recent discoveries of prehistoric man, and brain science. The poetry/prose metaphor is illustrated by insightful examples of both poetry and prose, and brief introductions to some remarkable religious and scientific personalities. The dark side of religion is explored, with contemporary critiques by renowned scholars, and some exemplary poets are referred to with examples of their poetry. This book avoids the combative rhetoric of both religious and scientific extremists, and points the way toward and enriching language and life of religious humanism. This ?new dualism? of poetry and prose reflects the biological facts of our simultaneously emotional and rational selves. Thus, religious humanism provides a natural bridge between religion and science, accessible to everyone. The poetry/prose metaphor can provide a thoughtful rationale for people to keep their religious beliefs and traditions, make peace between religions and also understand and appreciate the modern scientific world without conflict. Thus, genealogy has taken us on a long journey through the history of science and religion, illustrating the mysteries, complexities, and beauties of humanity's existence. The book is well researched and written clearly in an engaging style, with an extensive bibliography. It will be well worth reading by all people who have an interest in genealogy and its relationships with science and religion.
Democracy's Meanings by Nicholas T. Davis,Kirby Goidel,Keith Gaddie Pdf
Democracy’s Meanings challenges conventional wisdom regarding how the public thinks about and evaluates democracy. Mining both political theory and more than 75 years of public opinion data, the book argues that Americans think about democracy in ways that go beyond voting or elected representation. Instead, citizens have rich and substantive views about the material conditions that democracy should produce, which draw from their beliefs about equality, fairness, and justice. The authors construct a typology of views about democracy. Procedural views of democracy take a minimalistic quality. While voting and fair treatment are important to this vision of democracy, ideas about equality are mostly limited to civil liberties. In contrast, social views of democracy incorporate both civil and economic equality; according to people with these views, democracy ought to meet the basic social and material needs of citizens. Complementing these two groups are moderate and indifferent views about democracy. While moderate views sit somewhere in between procedural and social perspectives regarding the role of democracy in producing social and economic equality, indifferent views of democracy involve disaffection toward it. For a small group of apathetic citizens, democracy is an ambiguous and ill-defined concept.
A direct successor to Searle's Speech Acts (C.U.P. 1969), Expression and Meaning refines earlier analyses and extends speech-act theory to new areas including indirect and figurative discourse, metaphor and fiction.
How meaning works—from monkey calls to human language, from spoken language to sign language, from gestures to music—and how meaning is connected to truth. We communicate through language, connecting what we mean to the words we say. But humans convey meaning in other ways as well, with facial expressions, hand gestures, and other methods. Animals, too, can get their meanings across without words. In What It All Means, linguist Philippe Schlenker explains how meaning works, from monkey calls to human language, from spoken language to sign language, from gestures to music. He shows that these extraordinarily diverse types of meaning can be studied and compared within a unified approach—one in which the notion of truth plays a central role. “It’s just semantics” is often said dismissively. But Schlenker shows that semantics—the study of meaning—is an unsung success of modern linguistics, a way to investigate some of the deepest questions about human nature using tools from the empirical and formal sciences. Drawing on fifty years of research in formal semantics, Schlenker traces how meaning comes to life. After investigating meaning in primate communication, he explores how human meanings are built, using in some cases sign languages as a guide to the workings of our inner “logic machine.” Schlenker explores how these meanings can be enriched by iconicity in sign language and by gestures in spoken language, and then turns to more abstract forms of iconicity to understand the meaning of music. He concludes by examining paradoxes, which—being neither true nor false—test the very limits of meaning.
The far right is back with a vengeance. After several decades at the political margins, far-right politics has again taken center stage. Three of the world’s largest democracies – Brazil, India, and the United States – now have a radical right leader, while far-right parties continue to increase their profile and support within Europe. In this timely book, leading global expert on political extremism Cas Mudde provides a concise overview of the fourth wave of postwar far-right politics, exploring its history, ideology, organization, causes, and consequences, as well as the responses available to civil society, party, and state actors to challenge its ideas and influence. What defines this current far-right renaissance, Mudde argues, is its mainstreaming and normalization within the contemporary political landscape. Challenging orthodox thinking on the relationship between conventional and far-right politics, Mudde offers a complex and insightful picture of one of the key political challenges of our time.
Human Rights and Memory by Daniel Levy,Natan Sznaider Pdf
"Examines the foundations of human rights, how their political and cultural validation in a global context is posing challenges to nation-state sovereignty, and how they become an integral part of international relations and are institutionalized into domestic legal and political practices"--Provided by publisher.
The Coming Good Society by William F. Schulz,Sushma Ramen Pdf
“Challenge[s] all of us to think deeply about what kind of society we and our children and our children’s children will want to live in.” (Margaret L. Huang, former Executive Director, Amnesty International USA) A rights revolution is under way. Today the range of nonhuman entities thought to deserve rights is exploding. Changes in norms and circumstances require the expansion of rights: What new rights, for example, are needed if we understand gender to be nonbinary? Does living in a corrupt state violate our rights? When biotechnology is used to change genetic code, whose rights might be violated? What rights, if any, protect our privacy from the intrusions of sophisticated surveillance techniques? Drawing on their vast experience as human rights advocates, William Schulz and Sushma Raman challenge us to think hard about how rights evolve with changing circumstances, and what rights will look like ten, twenty, or fifty years from now. The Coming Good Society details the many frontiers of rights today and the debates surrounding them. Schulz and Raman equip us with the tools to engage the present and future of rights so that we understand their importance and know where we stand. “Thoughtful and provocative.” —Human Rights Quarterly “[A] trail-blazing map through the new frontiers of rights . . . downright riveting.” —Gloucester Times “An accessible primer for anyone who wishes to understand the current limitations in our notions of rights and the future challenges for which we must prepare.” —Kerry Kennedy, President, Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights “Schulz and Raman outline brilliantly where [human rights] growth may take rights in the generations to come.” ―Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein, former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
Religious Perspectives on Bioethics and Human Rights by Joseph Tham,Kai Man Kwan,Alberto Garcia Pdf
This book deals with the thorny issue of human rights in different cultures and religions, especially in the light of bioethical issues. In this book, experts from Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Daoism, Hinduism and Confucianism discuss the tension between their religious traditions and the claim of universality of human rights. The East-West contrast is particularly evident with regards to human rights. Some writers find the human rights language too individualistic and it is foreign to major religions where the self does not exist in isolation, but is normally immersed in a web of relations and duties towards family, friends, religion community, and society. Is the human rights discourse a predominantly Western liberal ideal, which in bioethics is translated to mean autonomy and free choice? In today’s democratic societies, laws have been drafted to protect individuals and communities against slavery, discrimination, torture or genocide. Yet, it appears unclear at what moment universal rights supersede respect for cultural diversity and pluralism. This collection of articles demonstrates a rich spectrum of positions among different religions, as they confront the ever more pressing issues of bioethics and human rights in the modern world. This book is intended for those interested in the contemporary debates on religious ethics, human rights, bioethics, cultural diversity and multiculturalism.
