The Military S Impact On Democratic Development

Author : David Kuehn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351048750

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The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development by David Kuehn Pdf

Despite the decline in the number of military coups since the 1960s and 1970s, Militaries continue to be crucial political actors in many world regions. Their impact on the democratic development of nations, however, has been mixed. On the one hand, coups against democratically elected leaders in Mali (2012), Egypt (2013), and Thailand (2014) have spelled doom for these countries’ nascent democratic regimes and have ushered in new periods of military dominance in politics. The cases of Portugal (1974), the Philippines (1986), and Tunisia (2011), on the other hand, show that the military’s decision not to defend authoritarian leaders against mass protests contributed crucially to the fall of dictatorships and facilitated transitions to democracy. This volume addresses the military’s ambivalent role as "midwife" or "gravedigger" of democracy and highlights the often multi-layered and complex relationship between militaries’ political behaviour and democratization. The chapters were originally published in a special issue of Democratization.

Author : Larry Diamond,Marc F. Plattner
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1996-10-17
Category : History
ISBN : 0801855365

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Civil-Military Relations and Democracy by Larry Diamond,Marc F. Plattner Pdf

Based on a conference held in Washington, DC, 13-14 Mar 1995.

Author : Ronald James May,Viberto Selochan
Publisher : ANU E Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2004-03-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781920942007

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The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific by Ronald James May,Viberto Selochan Pdf

In The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific, a number of prominent regional specialists take a fresh look at the military's changing role in selected countries of Asia and the Pacific, particularly with regard to the countries' performance against criteria of democratic government. Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Burma, Pakistan, Bangladesh, South Korea, Fiji and Papua New Guinea all fall under the spotlight as the authors examine the role which the military has played in bringing about changes of political regime, and in resisting pressures for change.

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 1040 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781538112038

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Freedom in the World 2018 by Freedom House Pdf

Freedom in the World is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The methodology of this survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories.

Author : Ozan O. Varol
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190626020

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The Democratic Coup D'état by Ozan O. Varol Pdf

The term coup d'état--French for stroke of the state--brings to mind coups staged by power-hungry generals who overthrow the existing regime, not to democratize, but to concentrate power in their own hands as dictators. We assume all coups look the same, smell the same, and present the same threats to democracy. It's a powerful, concise, and self-reinforcing idea. It's also wrong. In The Democratic Coup d'État, Ozan Varol advances a simple, yet controversial, argument: Sometimes, a democracy is established through a military coup. Covering events from the Athenian Navy's stance in 411 B.C. against a tyrannical home government, to coups in the American colonies that ousted corrupt British governors, to twentieth-century coups that toppled dictators and established democracy in countries as diverse as Guinea-Bissau, Portugal, and Colombia, the book takes the reader on a gripping journey. Connecting the dots between these neglected events, Varol weaves a balanced narrative that challenges everything we thought we knew about military coups. In so doing, he tackles several baffling questions: How can an event as undemocratic as a military coup lead to democracy? Why would imposing generals-armed with tanks and guns and all-voluntarily surrender power to civilian politicians? What distinguishes militaries that help build democracies from those that destroy them? Varol's arguments made headlines across the globe in major media outlets and were cited critically in a public speech by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Written for a general audience, this book will entertain, challenge, and provoke, but more importantly, serve as a reminder of the imperative to question the standard narratives about our world and engage with all ideas, no matter how controversial.

Author : Daniel Lambach,Markus Bayer,Felix S. Bethke,Matteo Dressler,Véronique Dudouet
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030393717

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Nonviolent Resistance and Democratic Consolidation by Daniel Lambach,Markus Bayer,Felix S. Bethke,Matteo Dressler,Véronique Dudouet Pdf

This book argues that democracies emerging from peaceful protest last longer, achieve higher levels of democratic quality, and are more likely to see at least two peaceful handovers of power than democracies that emerged out of violent resistance or top-down liberalization. Nonviolent resistance is not just an effective means of deposing dictators; it can also help consolidate democracy after the transition from autocratic rule. Drawing on case studies on democratic consolidation in Africa and Latin America, the authors find that nonviolent resistance creates a more inclusive transition process that is more resistant to democratic breakdown in the long term.

Author : Samuel P. Huntington
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780806186047

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The Third Wave by Samuel P. Huntington Pdf

Between 1974 and 1990 more than thirty countries in southern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe shifted from authoritarian to democratic systems of government. This global democratic revolution is probably the most important political trend in the late twentieth century. In The Third Wave, Samuel P. Huntington analyzes the causes and nature of these democratic transitions, evaluates the prospects for stability of the new democracies, and explores the possibility of more countries becoming democratic. The recent transitions, he argues, are the third major wave of democratization in the modem world. Each of the two previous waves was followed by a reverse wave in which some countries shifted back to authoritarian government. Using concrete examples, empirical evidence, and insightful analysis, Huntington provides neither a theory nor a history of the third wave, but an explanation of why and how it occurred. Factors responsible for the democratic trend include the legitimacy dilemmas of authoritarian regimes; economic and social development; the changed role of the Catholic Church; the impact of the United States, the European Community, and the Soviet Union; and the "snowballing" phenomenon: change in one country stimulating change in others. Five key elite groups within and outside the nondemocratic regime played roles in shaping the various ways democratization occurred. Compromise was key to all democratizations, and elections and nonviolent tactics also were central. New democracies must deal with the "torturer problem" and the "praetorian problem" and attempt to develop democratic values and processes. Disillusionment with democracy, Huntington argues, is necessary to consolidating democracy. He concludes the book with an analysis of the political, economic, and cultural factors that will decide whether or not the third wave continues. Several "Guidelines for Democratizers" offer specific, practical suggestions for initiating and carrying out reform. Huntington's emphasis on practical application makes this book a valuable tool for anyone engaged in the democratization process. At this volatile time in history, Huntington's assessment of the processes of democratization is indispensable to understanding the future of democracy in the world.

Author : Allan R. Millett,Williamson Murray
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-09
Category : History
ISBN : 1139502123

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Military Effectiveness: Volume 3, The Second World War by Allan R. Millett,Williamson Murray Pdf

This three-volume study examines the questions raised by the performance of the military institutions of France, Germany, Russia, the United States, Great Britain, Japan, and Italy in the period from 1914 to 1945. Leading military historians deal with the different national approaches to war and military power at the tactical, operational, strategic, and political levels. They form the basis for a fundamental re-examination of how military organizations have performed in the first half of the twentieth century. Volume 3 covers World War II. Volumes 1 and 2 address address World War I and the interwar period, respectively. Now in a new edition, with a new introduction by the editors, these classic volumes will remain invaluable for military historians and social scientists in their examination of national security and military issues. They will also be essential reading for future military leaders at Staff and War Colleges.

Author : Aderomola Adeola,Makau W. Mutua
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030740146

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The Palgrave Handbook of Democracy, Governance and Justice in Africa by Aderomola Adeola,Makau W. Mutua Pdf

There is an emerging consensus that what is projected as democratic governance and justice in Africa requires a re-calibration, in particular, in relation to the constitutive demos, human rights, the realisation of commitments at various governance levels and the convergence between these ideations. The post-colonial narrative on democracy has unveiled some crevices in rule of law, political equality, political participation, political culture and freedom of the press. Aside from the fact that these notions are threatened by some existing institutional structures, these notions are increasingly being negotiated across political spaces. Evident in the prevalent narrative is an imperative for Africa to assert its place on the global scene of democratic governance and justice. However, if this will be accomplished, it is important to understand some of the issues that need to be worked through in this transition.

Author : Aurel Croissant,David Kuehn,Philip Lorenz
Publisher : Policy Studies (East-West Cent
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0866382267

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Breaking with the Past? by Aurel Croissant,David Kuehn,Philip Lorenz Pdf

In recent decades, several East Asian nations have undergone democratic transitions accompanied by changes in the balance of power between civilian elites and military leaders. These developments have not followed a single pattern: In Thailand, failure to institutionalize civilian control has contributed to the breakdown of democracy; civil-military relations and democracy in the Philippines are in prolonged crisis; and civilian control in Indonesia is yet to be institutionalized. At the same time, South Korea and Taiwan have established civilian supremacy and made great advances in consolidating democracy. These differences can be explained by the interplay of structural environment and civilian political entrepreneurship. In Taiwan, Korea, and Indonesia, strategic action, prioritization, and careful timing helped civilians make the best of their structural opportunities to overcome legacies of military involvement in politics. In Thailand, civilians overestimated their ability to control the military and provoked military intervention. In the Philippines, civilian governments forged a symbiotic relationship with military elites that allowed civilians to survive in office but also protected the military's institutional interests. These differences in the development of civil-military relations had serious repercussions on national security, political stability, and democratic consolidation, helping to explain why South Korea, Taiwan, and, to a lesser degree, Indonesia have experienced successful democratic transformation, while Thailand and the Philippines have failed to establish stable democratic systems.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Associations, institutions, etc
ISBN : UCSD:31822031171366

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Civil Society and Democratic Development in Chile by Anonim Pdf

Author : Franziska Hohlstein
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781529224108

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Regional Organizations and Their Responses to Coups by Franziska Hohlstein Pdf

Coups d’état continue to present one of the most extreme risks to democracy and stable governance worldwide. This book examines the unique role played by regional organizations (ROs) following the occurrence of a coup d’état. The book analyses the factors that influence the strength of reactions demonstrated by ROs and explores the different post-coup solutions ROs pursue. It argues that, when confronted with a coup, ROs take both basic democratic standards and regional stability into account before forming their responses. Using a mixed-methods approach, the book concludes that ROs’ response to a coup depends on how detrimental it will be for the state of democracy in a country and how far it risks destabilizing the region.

Author : Aqil Shah
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674728936

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The Army and Democracy by Aqil Shah Pdf

In sharp contrast to neighboring India, the Muslim nation of Pakistan has been ruled by its military for over three decades. The Army and Democracy identifies steps for reforming Pakistan’s armed forces and reducing its interference in politics, and sees lessons for fragile democracies striving to bring the military under civilian control.

Author : Yaprak Gursoy
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780472130429

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Between Military Rule and Democracy by Yaprak Gursoy Pdf

Examines military interventions in Greece, Turkey, Thailand, and Egypt, and the military's role in authoritarian and democratic regimes

Author : Müge Aknur
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781612330679

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Democratic Consolidation in Turkey by Müge Aknur Pdf

Although Turkey began its transition to democracy as early as the 1950s, it is still far from having reached a level of consolidated democracy with the country's sixty-year history of democratic politics being punctuated by numerous breakdowns and restorations of democracy. In an attempt to examine why consolidation of Turkish democracy has taken so long, this book aims at analyzing various factors including state, political parties, civil society, civil-military relations, socio-economic development, the EU as an international actor and the rise of internal threats (political Islam and separatist Kurdish nationalism) that both hinder and enhance democratic consolidation in Turkey. By highlighting the strengths and shortcomings of the Turkish experience from these perspectives, this book suggests the optimal policy priorities for current and future Turkish governments to establish a consolidated democracy in Turkey. Contributors: Muge Aknur, Canan Aslan-Akman, Filiz Baskan, Gulgun Erdogan-Tosun, Siret Hursoy, Aysegul Komsuoglu, Gul M. Kurtoglu-Eskisar, Yesim Kustepeli, Nazif Mandaci, Ibrahim Saylan, & Ugur Burc Yildiz.