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Author : Harold J. Morowitz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780429961311
Based upon a conference held in May 1993, this book discusses the intersection of neurobiology, cognitive psychology and computational approaches to cognition.
Author : Harold J. Morowitz,Jerome L. Singer
Publisher : Westview Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1995-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 0201409887
This is a volume of thoughtful essays by a group of scientific leaders from physics, cognitive psychology, cognitive science, the philosophy of science, artificial intelligence, and brain psychology. It addresses fundamental issues such as, in the words of one of the contributors (Nobel Prize-winner Herbert A. Simon). ”How a mind resides in a brain.” The essays are set in the framework of the evolving scientific concept of complex adaptive systems, the basis for which is laid in an impressive essay by another Nobelist, physicist Murray Gell-Mann. The various chapters include studies of the neurobiology of mental representation, the brain architecture that bears on the organization of human memory, a connectionist approach to emotions and neuro-modulation, the possible neurobiological bases of consciousness, the new scientific understanding of human unconsciousness processes, and even the possibility of formulating a parallel distributed process computer simulation of daydreaming and nightdreaming. Scientists in the fields of brain biology, artificial intelligence, and psychology, as well as educators interested in the links of mind and brain, will find stimulating material for potential research and teaching in each chapter.
Author : J. A. Scott Kelso
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Behavior
ISBN : 0262611317
foreword by Hermann Haken For the past twenty years Scott Kelso's research has focused on extending the physical concepts of self- organization and the mathematical tools of nonlinear dynamics to understand how human beings (and human brains) perceive, intend, learn, control, and coordinate complex behaviors. In this book Kelso proposes a new, general framework within which to connect brain, mind, and behavior.Kelso's prescription for mental life breaks dramatically with the classical computational approach that is still the operative framework for many newer psychological and neurophysiological studies. His core thesis is that the creation and evolution of patterned behavior at all levels--from neurons to mind--is governed by the generic processes of self-organization. Both human brain and behavior are shown to exhibit features of pattern-forming dynamical systems, including multistability, abrupt phase transitions, crises, and intermittency. Dynamic Patterns brings together different aspects of this approach to the study of human behavior, using simple experimental examples and illustrations to convey essential concepts, strategies, and methods, with a minimum of mathematics. Kelso begins with a general account of dynamic pattern formation. He then takes up behavior, focusing initially on identifying pattern-forming instabilities in human sensorimotor coordination. Moving back and forth between theory and experiment, he establishes the notion that the same pattern-forming mechanisms apply regardless of the component parts involved (parts of the body, parts of the nervous system, parts of society) and the medium through which the parts are coupled. Finally, employing the latest techniques to observe spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity, Kelso shows that the human brain is fundamentally a pattern forming dynamical system, poised on the brink of instability. Self-organization thus underlies the cooperative action of neurons that produces human behavior in all its forms.
Author : Manu Lekunze
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000020212
Complex Adaptive Systems, Resilience and Security in Cameroon comprehensively maps and analyses Cameroon’s security architecture to determine its resilience. The author examines the key actors involved in Cameroon’s security and evaluates the organisational structures, before analysing the different security systems that arise from the interplay between the two. He also shows how these security networks can be better conceived as complex adaptive systems, interdependent on other environmental, economic and societal systems. In this regard, security actors become security agents. Finally, arguing that security should be pursed from a resilience perspective, this book seeks to comment on the contemporary situation in Cameroon and its possible trajectory for the future. Providing a timely assessment of security in Cameroon, this book will be of interest to scholars and students of African politics and Security Studies.
Author : A. Harry Klopf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Brain
ISBN : UOM:39015095134527
Author : Howard Bloom
Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470310397
"As someone who has spent forty years in psychology with a long-standing interest in evolution, I'll just assimilate Howard Bloom's accomplishment and my amazement."-DAVID SMILLIE, Visiting Professor of Zoology, Duke University In this extraordinary follow-up to the critically acclaimed The Lucifer Principle, Howard Bloom-one of today's preeminent thinkers-offers us a bold rewrite of the evolutionary saga. He shows how plants and animals (including humans) have evolved together as components of a worldwide learning machine. He describes the network of life on Earth as one that is, in fact, a "complex adaptive system," a global brain in which each of us plays a sometimes conscious, sometimes unknowing role. and he reveals that the World Wide Web is just the latest step in the development of this brain. These are theories as important as they are radical. Informed by twenty years of interdisciplinary research, Bloom takes us on a spellbinding journey back to the big bang to let us see how its fires forged primordial sociality. As he brings us back via surprising routes, we see how our earliest bacterial ancestors built multitrillion-member research and development teams a full 3.5 billion years ago. We watch him unravel the previously unrecognized strands of interconnectedness woven by crowds of trilobites, hunting packs of dinosaurs, feathered flying lizards gathered in flocks, troops of baboons making communal decisions, and adventurous tribes of protohumans spreading across continents but still linked by primitive forms of information networking. We soon find ourselves reconsidering our place in the world. Along the way, Bloom offers us exhilarating insights into the strange tricks of body and mind that have organized a variety of life forms: spiny lobsters, which, during the Paleozoic age, participated in communal marching rituals; and bees, which, during the age of dinosaurs, conducted collective brainwork. This fascinating tour continues on to the sometimes brutal subculture wars that have spurred the growth of human civilization since the Stone Age. Bloom shows us how culture shapes our infant brains, immersing us in a matrix of truth and mass delusion that we think of as reality. Global Brain is more than just a brilliantly original contribution to the ongoing debate on the inner workings of evolution. It is a "grand vision," says the eminent evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson, a work that transforms our very view of who we are and why.
Author : M. Astrada
Publisher : Springer
Page : 103 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137308139
Today, extensive interconnected global processes provide non-state actors with a degree of agency that a 'System of States' paradigm cannot account for alone. Using Russia-Latin America relations as a case study and applying a Complex Adaptive Systems perspective, this work explores alternative international mechanisms of order and organization.
Author : Pei Wang,Ben Goertzel,Stan Franklin
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781586038335
Includes full-length papers, short position statements and also the papers presented in the post conference workshop on the sociocultural, ethical and futurological implications of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
Author : Walter Frederick Buckley
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9057005379
First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author : Werner Callebaut,Diego Rasskin-Gutman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262033267
Modularity—the attempt to understand systems as integrations of partially independent and interacting units—is today a dominant theme in the life sciences, cognitive science, and computer science. The concept goes back at least implicitly to the Scientific (or Copernican) Revolution, and can be found behind later theories of phrenology, physiology, and genetics; moreover, art, engineering, and mathematics rely on modular design principles. This collection broadens the scientific discussion of modularity by bringing together experts from a variety of disciplines, including artificial life, cognitive science, economics, evolutionary computation, developmental and evolutionary biology, linguistics, mathematics, morphology, paleontology, physics, theoretical chemistry, philosophy, and the arts. The contributors debate and compare the uses of modularity, discussing the different disciplinary contexts of "modular thinking" in general (including hierarchical organization, near-decomposability, quasi-independence, and recursion) or of more specialized concepts (including character complex, gene family, encapsulation, and mosaic evolution); what modules are, why and how they develop and evolve, and the implication for the research agenda in the disciplines involved; and how to bring about useful cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer on the topic. The book includes a foreword by the late Herbert A. Simon addressing the role of near-decomposability in understanding complex systems. Contributors: Lee Altenberg, Lauren W. Ancel-Meyers, Carl Anderson, Robert B. Brandon, Angela D. Buscalioni, Raffaele Calabretta, Werner Callebaut, Anne De Joan, Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni, Gunther J. Eble, Walter Fontana, Fernand Gobet, Alicia de la Iglesia, Slavik V. Jablan, Luigi Marengo, Daniel W. McShea, Jason Mezey, D. Kimbrough Oller, Domenico Parisi, Corrado Pasquali, Diego Rasskin-Gutman, Gerhard Schlosser, Herbert A. Simon, Roger D. K. Thomas, Marco Valente, Boris M. Velichkovsky, Gunter P. Wagner, Rasmus G. Winter Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology
Author : Annalisa Baicchi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-25
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319182698
This book presents the current state of the art on Construction Grammar models and usage-based language learning research. It reports on three psycholinguistic experiments conducted with the participation of university-level Italian learners of English, whose second language proficiency corresponds to levels B1 and B2 of the ‘Common European Framework of Reference for Languages’ (CEFR). This empirical research on the role of constructions in the facilitation of language learning contributes to assessing how bilinguals deal with L2 constructions in the light of sentence-sorting, sentence-elicitation, and sentence-completion tasks. Divided into two parts, the book first introduces the main theoretical prerequisites and then reports on the experimental studies. It provides a comprehensive review of the current research in a range of disciplines, including complexity theories, cognitive semantics, construction grammars, usage-based linguistics, and language learning.
Author : Paul L. Nunez
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199914647
Does the brain create the mind, or is some external entity involved? This book synthesizes ideas borrowed from philosophy, religion, and science. Topics range widely from brain imagining of thought processes to quantum mechanics and the essential role of information in brains and physical systems.
Author : James H. Austin
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 876 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1999-06-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0262260352
A neuroscientist and Zen practitioner interweaves the latest research on the brain with his personal narrative of Zen. Aldous Huxley called humankind's basic trend toward spiritual growth the "perennial philosophy." In the view of James Austin, the trend implies a "perennial psychophysiology"—because awakening, or enlightenment, occurs only when the human brain undergoes substantial changes. What are the peak experiences of enlightenment? How could these states profoundly enhance, and yet simplify, the workings of the brain? Zen and the Brain presents the latest evidence. In this book Zen Buddhism becomes the opening wedge for an extraordinarily wide-ranging exploration of consciousness. In order to understand which brain mechanisms produce Zen states, one needs some understanding of the anatomy, physiology, and chemistry of the brain. Austin, both a neurologist and a Zen practitioner, interweaves the most recent brain research with the personal narrative of his Zen experiences. The science is both inclusive and rigorous; the Zen sections are clear and evocative. Along the way, Austin examines such topics as similar states in other disciplines and religions, sleep and dreams, mental illness, consciousness-altering drugs, and the social consequences of the advanced stage of ongoing enlightenment.
Author : Elizabeth L. Auchincloss M.D.
Publisher : American Psychiatric Pub
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781585624713
Written for students at every level of training, including psychiatry residents, psychology graduate students, social work students, and medical students, The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind explains how the psychoanalytic model works and how it contributes to the care of people with mental illness. The book is founded on the psychoanalytic thinking that evolved over the last 120 years and surveys how the psychoanalytic model has become the basis for almost all psychological treatments, or “talking cures,” for emotional suffering. In plain and accessible language, the author outlines the history of psychoanalysis, answers basic questions, defines the core dimensions of psychodynamic models, and illustrates their clinical utility. The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind explores the most complex model of mental functioning ever formulated for clinical purposes and demonstrates that this model is useful in treating all patients, all of the time.
Author : Danah Zohar
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2011-11-07
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9781408828540
In their new book Danah Zohar and Ian Marshall envisage two scenarios. The first is business as we know it today - all short-term interest, short-term gain, isolationist thinking, with the material bottom line as king. The second envisages a business culture driven by fundamental values and a deep sense of purpose in which wealth is accumulated to generate a decent profit while acting to raise the common good. The emphasis is on 'stake-holder value', where stake-holders include the human race, present and future, and the planet itself. These are the values of Spiritual Capital. The crucial question, which Zohar and Marshall address, is: How we can move from one scenario to the other? They show how we need to consider three types of capital to make the leap. Rational Intelligence (IQ) and Emotional Intelligence (EQ) are needed to diagnose the current state, and then the twelve qualities of Spiritual Intelligence (SQ) can be used to bring about the final transformation. The ultimate goal is sustainable capitalism within a framework of a more meaningful working life.
