The National Childhood Encephalopathy Study

Author : Nicola Madge,David Millar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1993-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0521458838

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The National Childhood Encephalopathy Study by Nicola Madge,David Millar Pdf

This book presents the findings from an extensive follow-up report of 1,182 children from the National Childhood Encephalopathy Study conducted in Britain. Each of these children had an early neurological illness, and each was matched according to age, sex, and geographical location with two control children. For the present follow-up, the researchers evaluated the survival, development, and capabilities of 80% of the children from the original study. They found that the children's outcomes varied considerably: while some appeared fully recovered, others were severely impaired. The size of the study enabled the researchers to identify those factors that most reliably predicted outcome, such as early diagnosis, continuing convulsions, and age at onset of the illness, as well as those factors that did not prove predictive of outcome, such as sex and social conditions. The researchers also examined the question of whether or not early neurological illness predicted a single syndrome of subsequent impairment. They found that, on the contrary, the children displayed different patterns of longer-term difficulties. This is a special issue of Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee to Review the Adverse Consequences of Pertussis and RubellaVaccines
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1991-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309044998

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Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines by Institute of Medicine,Committee to Review the Adverse Consequences of Pertussis and RubellaVaccines Pdf

Parents have come to depend on vaccines to protect their children from a variety of diseases. Some evidence suggests, however, that vaccination against pertussis (whooping cough) and rubella (German measles) is, in a small number of cases, associated with increased risk of serious illness. This book examines the controversy over the evidence and offers a comprehensively documented assessment of the risk of illness following immunization with vaccines against pertussis and rubella. Based on extensive review of the evidence from epidemiologic studies, case histories, studies in animals, and other sources of information, the book examines: The relation of pertussis vaccines to a number of serious adverse events, including encephalopathy and other central nervous system disorders, sudden infant death syndrome, autism, Guillain-Barre syndrome, learning disabilities, and Reye syndrome. The relation of rubella vaccines to arthritis, various neuropathies, and thrombocytopenic purpura. The volume, which includes a description of the committee's methods for evaluating evidence and directions for future research, will be important reading for public health officials, pediatricians, researchers, and concerned parents.

Author : Nicola Madge,Judith Diamond,David Millar,Euan Ross
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1993-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0521458838

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The National Childhood Encephalopathy Study by Nicola Madge,Judith Diamond,David Millar,Euan Ross Pdf

This book presents the findings from an extensive follow-up report of 1,182 children from the National Childhood Encephalopathy Study conducted in Britain. Each of these children had an early neurological illness, and each was matched according to age, sex, and geographical location with two control children. For the present follow-up, the researchers evaluated the survival, development, and capabilities of 80% of the children from the original study. They found that the children's outcomes varied considerably: while some appeared fully recovered, others were severely impaired. The size of the study enabled the researchers to identify those factors that most reliably predicted outcome, such as early diagnosis, continuing convulsions, and age at onset of the illness, as well as those factors that did not prove predictive of outcome, such as sex and social conditions. The researchers also examined the question of whether or not early neurological illness predicted a single syndrome of subsequent impairment. They found that, on the contrary, the children displayed different patterns of longer-term difficulties. This is a special issue of Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Children
ISBN : NAP:13924

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DPT Vaccine and Chronic Nervous System Dysfunction by Anonim Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 894 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309214353

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Adverse Effects of Vaccines by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines Pdf

In 1900, for every 1,000 babies born in the United States, 100 would die before their first birthday, often due to infectious diseases. Today, vaccines exist for many viral and bacterial diseases. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, passed in 1986, was intended to bolster vaccine research and development through the federal coordination of vaccine initiatives and to provide relief to vaccine manufacturers facing financial burdens. The legislation also intended to address concerns about the safety of vaccines by instituting a compensation program, setting up a passive surveillance system for vaccine adverse events, and by providing information to consumers. A key component of the legislation required the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with the Institute of Medicine to assess concerns about the safety of vaccines and potential adverse events, especially in children. Adverse Effects of Vaccines reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), including the varicella zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, the hepatitis B vaccine, and the human papillomavirus vaccine, among others. For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. It finds that while no vaccine is 100 percent safe, very few adverse events are shown to be caused by vaccines. In addition, the evidence shows that vaccines do not cause several conditions. For example, the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism or childhood diabetes. Also, the DTaP vaccine is not associated with diabetes and the influenza vaccine given as a shot does not exacerbate asthma. Adverse Effects of Vaccines will be of special interest to the National Vaccine Program Office, the VICP, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccine safety researchers and manufacturers, parents, caregivers, and health professionals in the private and public sectors.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Vaccine Safety Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1993-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309048958

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Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines by Institute of Medicine,Vaccine Safety Committee Pdf

Childhood immunization is one of the major public health measures of the 20th century and is now receiving special attention from the Clinton administration. At the same time, some parents and health professionals are questioning the safety of vaccines because of the occurrence of rare adverse events after immunization. This volume provides the most thorough literature review available about links between common childhood vaccinesâ€"tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, polio, Haemophilus influenzae b, and hepatitis Bâ€"and specific types of disorders or death. The authors discuss approaches to evidence and causality and examine the consequencesâ€"neurologic and immunologic disorders and deathâ€"linked with immunization. Discussion also includes background information on the development of the vaccines and details about the case reports, clinical trials, and other evidence associating each vaccine with specific disorders. This comprehensive volume will be an important resource to anyone concerned about the immunization controversy: public health officials, pediatricians, attorneys, researchers, and parents.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Review of Priorities in the National Vaccine Plan
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2010-05-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309156202

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Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Review of Priorities in the National Vaccine Plan Pdf

Vaccination is a fundamental component of preventive medicine and public health. The use of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases has resulted in dramatic decreases in disease, disability, and death in the United States and around the world. The current political, economic, and social environment presents both opportunities for and challenges to strengthening the U.S. system for developing, manufacturing, regulating, distributing, funding, and administering safe and effective vaccines for all people. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan examines the extraordinarily complex vaccine enterprise, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. The book makes recommendations about priority actions in the update to the National Vaccine Plan that are intended to achieve the objectives of disease prevention and enhancement of vaccine safety. It is centered on the plan's five goals in the areas of vaccine development, safety, communication, supply and use, and global health.

Author : Simon Shorvon,Renzo Guerrini,Eugen Trinka,Steven Schachter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 1013 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781108420754

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The Causes of Epilepsy by Simon Shorvon,Renzo Guerrini,Eugen Trinka,Steven Schachter Pdf

Expanded and revised, this unique book provides concise descriptions of the many causes of epilepsy, for use in clinical practice.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2001-12-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309076364

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Immunization Safety Review by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee Pdf

In this report, the Immunization Safety Review committee examines the hypothesis of whether or not the use of vaccines containing the preservative thimerosal can cause neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and speech or language delay.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Assessment of Studies of Health Outcomes Related to the Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309267021

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The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Assessment of Studies of Health Outcomes Related to the Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule Pdf

Vaccines are among the most safe and effective public health interventions to prevent serious disease and death. Because of the success of vaccines, most Americans today have no firsthand experience with such devastating illnesses as polio or diphtheria. Health care providers who vaccinate young children follow a schedule prepared by the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Under the current schedule, children younger than six may receive as many as 24 immunizations by their second birthday. New vaccines undergo rigorous testing prior to receiving FDA approval; however, like all medicines and medical interventions, vaccines carry some risk. Driven largely by concerns about potential side effects, there has been a shift in some parents' attitudes toward the child immunization schedule. The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety identifies research approaches, methodologies, and study designs that could address questions about the safety of the current schedule. This report is the most comprehensive examination of the immunization schedule to date. The IOM authoring committee uncovered no evidence of major safety concerns associated with adherence to the childhood immunization schedule. Should signals arise that there may be need for investigation, however, the report offers a framework for conducting safety research using existing or new data collection systems.

Author : Great Britain. Committee on Safety of Medicines,Great Britain. Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation,Great Britain. Department of Health and Social Security
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Medical care
ISBN : UCAL:B4285883

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Whooping Cough by Great Britain. Committee on Safety of Medicines,Great Britain. Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation,Great Britain. Department of Health and Social Security Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2003-11-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309168915

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Immunization Safety Review by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee Pdf

The Immunization Safety Review Committee was established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to evaluate the evidence on possible causal associations between immunizations and certain adverse outcomes, and to then present conclusions and recommendations. The committee's mandate also includes assessing the broader societal significance of these immunization safety issues. While all the committee members share the view that immunization is generally beneficial, none of them has a vested interest in the specific immunization safety issues that come before the group. The committee reviews three immunization safety review topics each year, addressing each one at a time. In this fifth report in a series, the committee examines the hypothesis that exposure to polio vaccine contaminated with simian virus 40 (SV40), a virus that causes inapparent infection in some monkeys, can cause certain types of cancer.

Author : Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation,Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Immunization
ISBN : 0660193922

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Canadian Immunization Guide by Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation,Canada. National Advisory Committee on Immunization Pdf

The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2004-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309090865

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Immunization Safety Review by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee Pdf

Infection with the influenza virus can have a serious effect on the health of people of all ages, although it is particularly worrisome for infants, the elderly, and people with underlying heart or lung problems. A vaccine exists (the "flu" shot) that can greatly decrease the impact of influenza. Because the strains of virus that are expected to cause serious illness and death are slightly different every year, the vaccine is also slightly different every year and it must be given every year, unlike other vaccines. The Immunization Safety Review committee reviewed the data on influenza vaccine and neurological conditions and concluded that the evidence favored rejection of a causal relationship between influenza vaccines and exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. For the other neurological conditions studied, the committee concluded the evidence about the effects of influenza vaccine is inadequate to accept or reject a causal relationship. The committee also reviewed theories on how the influenza vaccine could damage the nervous system. The evidence was at most weak that the vaccine could act in humans in ways that could lead to these neurological problems.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2004-09-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309092371

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Immunization Safety Review by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee Pdf

This eighth and final report of the Immunization Safety Review Committee examines the hypothesis that vaccines, specifically the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and thimerosal-containing vaccines, are causally associated with autism. The committee reviewed the extant published and unpublished epidemiological studies regarding causality and studies of potential biologic mechanisms by which these immunizations might cause autism. Immunization Safety Review: Vaccines and Autism finds that the body of epidemiological evidence favors rejection of a causal relationship between thimerosal-containing vaccines and autism. The book further finds that potential biological mechanisms for vaccine-induced autism that have been generated to date are only theoretical. It recommends a public health response that fully supports an array of vaccine safety activities and recommends that available funding for autism research be channeled to the most promising areas. The book makes additional recommendations regarding surveillance and epidemiological research, clinical studies, and communication related to these vaccine safety concerns.