The Natural And The Social

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The Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences

Robert S. Cohen
The Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Robert S. Cohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401733915

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The Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences by Robert S. Cohen Pdf

Natural Sciences and the Social Sciences contains a series of explorations of the different ways in which the social sciences have interacted with the natural sciences. Usually, such interactions are considered to go only `one way': from the natural to the social sciences. But there are several important essays in this volume which show how developments in the social sciences have affected the natural sciences - even the `hard' science of physics. Other essays deal with various types of interaction since the Scientific Revolution. In his general introductory chapter, Cohen sets some general themes concerning analogies and homologies and the use of metaphors, drawing specific examples from the use of concepts of physics by marginalist economists and of developments in the life sciences by organismic sociologists. The remaining chapters, which explore the different ways in which the social sciences and the natural sciences have actually interacted, are written by leaders in the field of history of science, drawn from a wide range of countries and disciplines. The book will be of great interest to all historians of science, philosophers interested in questions of methodology, economists and sociologists, and all social scientists concerned with the history of their subject and its foundations.

Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences

Denise Pumain
Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Denise Pumain
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2006-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781402041273

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Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences by Denise Pumain Pdf

Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information. This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems. At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.

Towards a Natural Social Contract

Patrick Huntjens
Towards a Natural Social Contract Book PDF

Author : Patrick Huntjens
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030671303

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Towards a Natural Social Contract by Patrick Huntjens Pdf

This open access book is a 2022 Nautilus Gold Medal winner in the category "World Cultures' Transformational Growth & Development". It states that the societal fault lines of our times are deeply intertwined and that they confront us with challenges affecting the security, fairness and sustainability of our societies. The author, Prof. Dr. Patrick Huntjens, argues that overcoming these existential challenges will require a fundamental shift from our current anthropocentric and economic growth-oriented approach to a more ecocentric and regenerative approach. He advocates for a Natural Social Contract that emphasizes long-term sustainability and the general welfare of both humankind and planet Earth. Achieving this crucial balance calls for an end to unlimited economic growth, overconsumption and over-individualisation for the benefit of ourselves, our planet, and future generations. To this end, sustainability, health, and justice in all social-ecological systems will require systemic innovation and prioritizing a collective effort. The Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI) framework presented in this book serves that cause. It helps to diagnose and advance innovation and spur change across sectors, disciplines, and at different levels of governance. Altogether, TSEI identifies intervention points and formulates jointly developed and shared solutions to inform policymakers, administrators, concerned citizens, and professionals dedicated towards a more sustainable, healthy and just society. A wide readership of students, researchers, practitioners and policy makers interested in social innovation, transition studies, development studies, social policy, social justice, climate change, environmental studies, political science and economics will find this cutting-edge book particularly useful. “As a sustainability transition researcher, I am truly excited about this book. Two unique aspects of the book are that it considers bigger transformation issues (such as societies’ relationship with nature, purpose and justice) than those studied in transition studies and offers analytical frameworks and methods for taking up the challenge of achieving change on the ground.” - Prof. Dr. René Kemp, United Nations University and Maastricht Sustainability Institute

The Natural and the Social

Steve Hinchliffe,Kath Woodward
The Natural and the Social Book PDF

Author : Steve Hinchliffe,Kath Woodward
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0415222907

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The Natural and the Social by Steve Hinchliffe,Kath Woodward Pdf

This fascinating new book draws on insights from across th social sciences - from psychology, economics and geography as well as sociology - to examine the changing character of society and nature.

Social and Gender Analysis in Natural Resource Development

Ronnie Vernooy
Social and Gender Analysis in Natural Resource Development Book PDF

Author : Ronnie Vernooy
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2006-02-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0761934634

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Social and Gender Analysis in Natural Resource Development by Ronnie Vernooy Pdf

Asian societies are not only complex but are undergoing rapid change in the face of the forces of globalization and privatization. Issues of gender, class, caste, ethnicity and age are central to understanding power relations and decision-making processes concerning the access to, use of and management of natural resources.This necessitates a sound understanding of social realities in order to ensure proper participation in, and the equitable distribution of the benefits of, development interventions and policies. Written in this framework, this volume documents and reflects on the steps being taken by researchers of natural resource management to implement social and gender analysis in South and Southeast Asia. Grounded in empirical reality, the six case studies are drawn from India, Nepal, China, Viet Nam and Mongolia. The volume concludes with a comparative analysis of the six cases. This analysis highlights the key common issues and challenges identified by the research teams. These include organizational change, mainstreaming social and gender issues, the enduring inequities facing women, and improving the quality of participation.

The Three Cultures

Jerome Kagan
The Three Cultures Book PDF

Author : Jerome Kagan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2009-04-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780521518420

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The Three Cultures by Jerome Kagan Pdf

Jerome Kagan examines the basic goals, vocabulary, and assumptions of the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities, summarizing their unique contributions to our understanding of human nature.

The Body: A Very Short Introduction

Chris Shilling
The Body A Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Chris Shilling
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780191059490

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The Body: A Very Short Introduction by Chris Shilling Pdf

The human body is thought of conventionally as a biological entity, with its longevity, morbidity, size and even appearance determined by genetic factors immune to the influence of society or culture. Since the mid-1980s, however, there has been a rising awareness of how our bodies, and our perception of them, are influenced by the social, cultural and material contexts in which humans live. Drawing on studies of sex and gender, education, governance, the economy, and religion, Chris Shilling demonstrates how our physical being allows us to affect the material and virtual world around us, yet also enables governments to shape and direct our thoughts and actions. Revealing how social relationships, cultural images, and technological and medical advances shape our perceptions and awareness, he exposes the limitations of traditional Western traditions of thought that elevate the mind over the body as that which defines us as human. Dealing with issues ranging from cosmetic and transplant surgery, the performance of gendered identities, the commodification of bodies and body parts, and the violent consequences of competing conceptions of the body as sacred, Shilling provides a compelling account of why body matters present contemporary societies with a series of urgent and inescapable challenges. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason

F.A Hayek
Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason Book PDF

Author : F.A Hayek
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136604362

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Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason by F.A Hayek Pdf

"The studies of which this book is the result have from the beginning been guided by and in the end confirmed the somewhat old-fashioned conviction of the author that it is human ideas which govern the development of human affairs," Hayek wrote in his notes in 1940. Indeed, Studies on the Abuse and Decline of Reason remains Hayek’s greatest unfinished work and is here presented for the first time under the expert editorship of Bruce Caldwell. In the book, Hayek argues that the abuse and decline of reason was caused by hubris, by man’s pride in his ability to reason, which in Hayek’s mind had been heightened by the rapid advance and multitudinous successes of the natural sciences, and the attempt to apply natural science methods in the social sciences.

Interdisciplinarity

Andrew Barry,Georgina Born
Interdisciplinarity Book PDF

Author : Andrew Barry,Georgina Born
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781136658457

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Interdisciplinarity by Andrew Barry,Georgina Born Pdf

The idea that research should become more interdisciplinary has become commonplace. According to influential commentators, the unprecedented complexity of problems such as climate change or the social implications of biomedicine demand interdisciplinary efforts integrating both the social and natural sciences. In this context, the question of whether a given knowledge practice is too disciplinary, or interdisciplinary, or not disciplinary enough has become an issue for governments, research policy makers and funding agencies. Interdisciplinarity, in short, has emerged as a key political preoccupation; yet the term tends to obscure as much as illuminate the diverse practices gathered under its rubric. This volume offers a new approach to theorising interdisciplinarity, showing how the boundaries between the social and natural sciences are being reconfigured. It examines the current preoccupation with interdisciplinarity, notably the ascendance of a particular discourse in which it is associated with a transformation in the relations between science, technology and society. Contributors address attempts to promote collaboration between, on the one hand, the natural sciences and engineering and, on the other, the social sciences, arts and humanities. From ethnography in the IT industry to science and technology studies, environmental science to medical humanities, cybernetics to art-science, the collection interrogates how interdisciplinarity has come to be seen as a solution not only to enhancing relations between science and society, but the pursuit of accountability and the need to foster innovation. Interdisciplinarity is essential reading for scholars, students and policy makers across the social sciences, arts and humanities, including anthropology, geography, sociology, science and technology studies and cultural studies, as well as all those engaged in interdisciplinary research. It will have particular relevance for those concerned with the knowledge economy, science policy, environmental politics, applied anthropology, ELSI research, medical humanities, and art-science.

Natural Categories and Human Kinds

Muhammad Ali Khalidi
Natural Categories and Human Kinds Book PDF

Author : Muhammad Ali Khalidi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107244597

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Natural Categories and Human Kinds by Muhammad Ali Khalidi Pdf

The notion of 'natural kinds' has been central to contemporary discussions of metaphysics and philosophy of science. Although explicitly articulated by nineteenth-century philosophers like Mill, Whewell and Venn, it has a much older history dating back to Plato and Aristotle. In recent years, essentialism has been the dominant account of natural kinds among philosophers, but the essentialist view has encountered resistance, especially among naturalist metaphysicians and philosophers of science. Informed by detailed examination of classification in the natural and social sciences, this book argues against essentialism and for a naturalist account of natural kinds. By looking at case studies drawn from diverse scientific disciplines, from fluid mechanics to virology and polymer science to psychiatry, the author argues that natural kinds are nodes in causal networks. On the basis of this account, he maintains that there can be natural kinds in the social sciences as well as the natural sciences.

The Concept of Race in Natural and Social Science

E. Nathaniel Gates
The Concept of Race in Natural and Social Science Book PDF

Author : E. Nathaniel Gates
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781136754685

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The Concept of Race in Natural and Social Science by E. Nathaniel Gates Pdf

Explores the concept of race The term race, which originally denoted genealogical or class identity, has in the comparatively brief span of 300 years taken on an entirely new meaning. In the wake of the Enlightenment it came to be applied to social groups. This ideological transformation coupled with a dogmatic insistence that the groups so designated were natural, and not socially created, gave birth to the modern notion of races as genetically distinct entities. The results of this view were the encoding of race and racial hierarchies in law, literature, and culture. How racial categories facilitate social control The articles in the series demonstrate that the classification of humans according to selected physical characteristics was an arbitrary decision that was not based on valid scientific method. They also examine the impact of colonialism on the propagation of the concept and note that racial categorization is a powerful social force that is often used to promote the interests of dominant social groups. Finally, the collection surveys how laws based on race have been enacted around the world to deny power to minority groups. A multidisciplinary resource This collection of outstanding articles brings multiple perspectives to bear on race theory and draws on a wider ranger of periodicals than even the largest library usually holds. Even if all the articles were available on campus, chances are that a student would have to track them down in several libraries and microfilm collections. Providing, of course, that no journals were reserved for graduate students, out for binding, or simply missing. This convenient set saves students substantial time and effort by making available all the key articles in one reliable source. Authoritative commentary The series editor has put together a balanced selection of the most significant works, accompanied by expert commentary. A general introduction gives important background information and outlines fundamental issues, current scholarship, and scholarly controversies. Introductions to individual volumes put the articles in context and draw attention to germinal ideas and major shifts in the field. After reading the material, even a beginning student will have an excellent grasp of the basics of the subject.

The Natural Law

Heinrich Albert Rommen
The Natural Law Book PDF

Author : Heinrich Albert Rommen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Law
ISBN : 0865971617

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The Natural Law by Heinrich Albert Rommen Pdf

Originally published in German in 1936, The Natural Law is the first work to clarify the differences between traditional natural law as represented in the writings of Cicero, Aquinas, and Hooker and the revolutionary doctrines of natural rights espoused by Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Beginning with the legacies of Greek and Roman life and thought, Rommen traces the natural law tradition to its displacement by legal positivism and concludes with what the author calls "the reappearance" of natural law thought in more recent times. In seven chapters each Rommen explores "The History of the Idea of Natural Law" and "The Philosophy and Content of the Natural Law." In his introduction, Russell Hittinger places Rommen's work in the context of contemporary debate on the relevance of natural law to philosophical inquiry and constitutional interpretation. Heinrich Rommen (1897–1967) taught in Germany and England before concluding his distinguished scholarly career at Georgetown University. Russell Hittinger is William K. Warren Professor of Catholic Studies and Research Professor of Law at the University of Tulsa.

Co-Evolution of Nature and Society

Jens Jetzkowitz
Co Evolution of Nature and Society Book PDF

Author : Jens Jetzkowitz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-08-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319966526

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Co-Evolution of Nature and Society by Jens Jetzkowitz Pdf

This book offers support for interdisciplinary research on the interactions of nature and society. It is based on the hypothesis that a science of coevolution is needed to explore paths to a sustainable future. Jens Jetzkowitz initially discusses why social science knowledge only rarely finds its way into sustainability discourse. One significant issue is a view of science that separates knowing and acting, and the book illustrates current problems in conceptualising interdisciplinary knowledge production. It then goes one step further and introduces a workable alternative concept, taking philosophical pragmatism as a point of departure. Sustainable development goals and transdisciplinarity are currently subject to widespread discussions and Jetzkowitz takes a stance on the debates from the perspective of coevolutionary science. This book will appeal to scholars and students interested in environmental and sustainability discourses and to anyone willing to think outside the box.

Non-natural Social Science

Neil De Marchi
Non natural Social Science Book PDF

Author : Neil De Marchi
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 082231410X

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Non-natural Social Science by Neil De Marchi Pdf

Published in 1989, Philip Mirowski's More Heat Than Light: Economics as Social Physics, Physic's as Nature's Economics offered a challenge to historians of economics that could not be ignored. Neo-classical economics, he said, adopted certain analytical tools of mid-nineteenth-century physics, simply substituting "utility" for "energy," and in so doing, chose a natural-world model which denied that economic knowledge might be essentially social and cultural. The essays in this collection represent the first collective effort to respond to Mirowski's challenge by examining and assessing the Mirowski enterprise. In addition to questioning the veracity of the connection between physics and economics, the contributors consider the far-reaching implications of Mirowski's thesis for the history of economics. Mirowski shows that economic texts must be viewed in their relation to texts outside the field of economics and offers an alternative reading of economic texts as social and cultural inscriptions. As historians of economics respond to Mirowski's challenge, the style and direction of their work will be changed. Utlimately, a careful assessment of More Heat Than Light may introduce historians of economics to recognize that the "discipline" of economics may not be the most appropriate category from which to proceed. Contributors. Jack Birner, Marcel Boumans, A. W. Coats, Avi J. Cohen, I. Bernard Cohen, Neil de Marchi, Steve Fuller, Clifford G. Gaddy, Wade Hands, Albert Jolink, Arjo Klamer, Robert Leonard, Philip Mirowski, Theodore M. Porter, Margaret Schabas, E. Roy Weintraub

Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences

Thad Dunning
Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Thad Dunning
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107017665

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Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences by Thad Dunning Pdf

The first comprehensive guide to natural experiments, providing an ideal introduction for scholars and students.