The Natural Selection Of The Chemical Elements

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The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements

Robert Joseph Paton Williams,J. J. R. Fraústo da Silva
The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements Book PDF

Author : Robert Joseph Paton Williams,J. J. R. Fraústo da Silva
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015037482307

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The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements by Robert Joseph Paton Williams,J. J. R. Fraústo da Silva Pdf

This beautifully written book is a study of the physical relationship between the inanimate environment and living organisms. It describes how the evolution of both has been interactive and interdependent; the authors show that this can be explained in terms of the properties of the chemical elements and their compounds. The book discusses the physical and chemical balances between the animate and inanimate worlds, with kinetic and thermodynamic principles given to support this analysis. These principles are applied to both organic and inorganic chemical systems to provide a basis for understanding the evolution of life in terms of the interaction of both types of chemistry within ever more complex organizations. The book concludes with an examination of an intriguing problem: the long-term consequences of our manufacture and exploitation of chemicals. This intervention may be altering the symbiotic relationship between life and the environment, an issue of great concern to ecologists and biologists as well as those who study chemistry.

The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements

R. J. P. Williams,J. J. R. Frausto da Silva
The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements Book PDF

Author : R. J. P. Williams,J. J. R. Frausto da Silva
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2001-04-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0788196790

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The Natural Selection of the Chemical Elements by R. J. P. Williams,J. J. R. Frausto da Silva Pdf

Explores the relationship between the chemical elements and both living and non-living systems around us. The Earth's chemical environment and living systems are totally interactive. Biological evolution is seen as being driven by chemical changes of the environment involving at least 20 elements. Introduces relevant knowledge of inorganic and organic chemistry and the physics or physical chemistry which is needed to appreciate both minerals and living organisms. Describes the evolution of the Earth and the evolution of organisms. Shows that a possible next step in this (chemical) evolution could arise through man's industry. Illustrated.

Chemical Elements in Plants and Soil: Parameters Controlling Essentiality

Stefan Fränzle
Chemical Elements in Plants and Soil Parameters Controlling Essentiality Book PDF

Author : Stefan Fränzle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048127528

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Chemical Elements in Plants and Soil: Parameters Controlling Essentiality by Stefan Fränzle Pdf

Earlier works on plant essential elements have revealed a series of complicated, counter-intuitive relationships among various chemical elements in different plant species, due to both unlike usage of certain elements in plants and to different carriers effecting resorption and transport. In an attempt to provide a more coherent theory behind plant mineral nutrition, this groundbreaking book adopts a very different approach from the existing literature, presenting an explanation of the essentiality of chemical elements in biological systems and the application of stoichiometric network analysis (SNA) to the biological system of elements. Starting with data from biochemical environmental analysis, and a discussion of the phenomena involved in metal ion partition and autocatalytic behaviour, conditions and criteria controlling the partition of metals into biomass are investigated. Several rules are derived and investigated in terms of their interaction both in comparisons among contemporary organisms and in terms of evolution. This allows the construction, for example of a map which directly traces the biological feature of essentiality to parameters of coordination chemistry. The book will have worldwide appeal for researchers interested in fields such as soil/plant interactions, bioinorganic chemistry, plant nutrition, phytomining, bioremediation, biogeochemistry, nutrient cycling, soil chemistry, and cellular physiology.

The Biological Chemistry of the Elements

J. J. R. Frausto da Silva,Robert Joseph Paton Williams
The Biological Chemistry of the Elements Book PDF

Author : J. J. R. Frausto da Silva,Robert Joseph Paton Williams
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001-08-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0198508484

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The Biological Chemistry of the Elements by J. J. R. Frausto da Silva,Robert Joseph Paton Williams Pdf

This text describes the functional role of the twenty inorganic elements essential to life in living organisms.

Trace Elements in Soils and Plants

Alina Kabata-Pendias
Trace Elements in Soils and Plants Book PDF

Author : Alina Kabata-Pendias
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420039900

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Trace Elements in Soils and Plants by Alina Kabata-Pendias Pdf

Contemporary legislation respecting environmental protection and public health, at both national and international levels, are based on data that characterize chemical properties of environmental phenomena, especially those that reside in our food chain. Thus, environmental and food quality are now matters of major public concern and therefore a sy

Nature's Building Blocks

John Emsley
Nature s Building Blocks Book PDF

Author : John Emsley
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198503407

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Nature's Building Blocks by John Emsley Pdf

A readable, informative, fascinating entry on each one of the 100-odd chemical elements, arranged alphabetically from actinium to zirconium. Each entry comprises an explanation of where the element's name comes from, followed by Body element (the role it plays in living things), Element ofhistory (how and when it was discovered), Economic element (what it is used for), Environmental element (where it occurs, how much), Chemical element (facts, figures and narrative), and Element of surprise (an amazing, little-known fact about it). A wonderful 'dipping into' source for the familyreference shelf and for students.

Chemical Elements In Life

Wansen Zhu
Chemical Elements In Life Book PDF

Author : Wansen Zhu
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 685 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811210341

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Chemical Elements In Life by Wansen Zhu Pdf

How did life begin? Starting with the Big Bang Theory, this book systematically discusses scientific findings and hypotheses on topics such as the origin of chemical elements, formation of life on Earth, evolution of life elements, their subtle chemical reactions and miraculous physiological functions. The content in this book is carefully arranged to focus on major scientific discoveries in various disciplines related to life science, with particular emphasis on the vital relationship between chemical reactions in the human body and health, shedding light on hot issues of public concern such as nutrition and human longevity. Important concepts covered include chemical circulation and the dynamic balance of elements both within ourselves, and with the environment. Ultimately, the takeaway message is that the success of keeping the tree of life evergreen depends not only on the advancement of life science research, but also on whether human beings can follow the laws of nature and maintain a harmonious relationship with the earth.

Iron, Nature's Universal Element

Eugenie V. Mielczarek,Sharon Bertsch McGrayne
Iron Nature s Universal Element Book PDF

Author : Eugenie V. Mielczarek,Sharon Bertsch McGrayne
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0813528313

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Iron, Nature's Universal Element by Eugenie V. Mielczarek,Sharon Bertsch McGrayne Pdf

Mielczarek (physics, George Mason U.) and science writer McGrayne explore the critical importance of the metal element in life from bacteria to humans. They report on recent discoveries about iron and magnetism in bacteria, in myriad animal and plant species, and in humans, such as that many migrating animals have minute deposits of magnetite inside them that are sensory navigators. They also, of course, discuss the role of iron in mammalian blood and the iron- related diseases of humans.

Advances in Inorganic Chemistry

Anonim
Advances in Inorganic Chemistry Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1991-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080578853

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Advances in Inorganic Chemistry by Anonim Pdf

Advances in Inorganic Chemistry

Ecological Stoichiometry

Robert W. Sterner,James J. Elser
Ecological Stoichiometry Book PDF

Author : Robert W. Sterner,James J. Elser
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400885695

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Ecological Stoichiometry by Robert W. Sterner,James J. Elser Pdf

All life is chemical. That fact underpins the developing field of ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of chemical elements in ecological interactions. This long-awaited book brings this field into its own as a unifying force in ecology and evolution. Synthesizing a wide range of knowledge, Robert Sterner and Jim Elser show how an understanding of the biochemical deployment of elements in organisms from microbes to metazoa provides the key to making sense of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. After summarizing the chemistry of elements and their relative abundance in Earth's environment, the authors proceed along a line of increasing complexity and scale from molecules to cells, individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. The book examines fundamental chemical constraints on ecological phenomena such as competition, herbivory, symbiosis, energy flow in food webs, and organic matter sequestration. In accessible prose and with clear mathematical models, the authors show how ecological stoichiometry can illuminate diverse fields of study, from metabolism to global change. Set to be a classic in the field, Ecological Stoichiometry is an indispensable resource for researchers, instructors, and students of ecology, evolution, physiology, and biogeochemistry. From the foreword by Peter Vitousek: "[T]his book represents a significant milestone in the history of ecology. . . . Love it or argue with it--and I do both--most ecologists will be influenced by the framework developed in this book. . . . There are points to question here, and many more to test . . . And if we are both lucky and good, this questioning and testing will advance our field beyond the level achieved in this book. I can't wait to get on with it."

The Periodic Table I

D. Michael P. Mingos
The Periodic Table I Book PDF

Author : D. Michael P. Mingos
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030400255

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The Periodic Table I by D. Michael P. Mingos Pdf

As 2019 has been declared the International Year of the Periodic Table, it is appropriate that Structure and Bonding marks this anniversary with two special volumes. In 1869 Dmitri Ivanovitch Mendeleev first proposed his periodic table of the elements. He is given the major credit for proposing the conceptual framework used by chemists to systematically inter-relate the chemical properties of the elements. However, the concept of periodicity evolved in distinct stages and was the culmination of work by other chemists over several decades. For example, Newland’s Law of Octaves marked an important step in the evolution of the periodic system since it represented the first clear statement that the properties of the elements repeated after intervals of 8. Mendeleev’s predictions demonstrated in an impressive manner how the periodic table could be used to predict the occurrence and properties of new elements. Not all of his many predictions proved to be valid, but the discovery of scandium, gallium and germanium represented sufficient vindication of its utility and they cemented its enduring influence. Mendeleev’s periodic table was based on the atomic weights of the elements and it was another 50 years before Moseley established that it was the atomic number of the elements, that was the fundamental parameter and this led to the prediction of further elements. Some have suggested that the periodic table is one of the most fruitful ideas in modern science and that it is comparable to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection, proposed at approximately the same time. There is no doubt that the periodic table occupies a central position in chemistry. In its modern form it is reproduced in most undergraduate inorganic textbooks and is present in almost every chemistry lecture room and classroom. This first volume provides chemists with an account of the historical development of the Periodic Table and an overview of how the Periodic Table has evolved over the last 150 years. It also illustrates how it has guided the research programmes of some distinguished chemists.

Chemical Evolution

Bernd Markert,Stefan Fränzle,Simone Wünschmann
Chemical Evolution Book PDF

Author : Bernd Markert,Stefan Fränzle,Simone Wünschmann
Publisher : Springer
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319143552

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Chemical Evolution by Bernd Markert,Stefan Fränzle,Simone Wünschmann Pdf

This book is written for researchers and students interested in the function and role of chemical elements in biological or environmental systems. Experts have long known that the Periodic System of Elements (PSE) provides only an inadequate chemical description of elements of biological, environmental or medicinal importance. This book explores the notion of a Biological System of the Elements (BSE) established on accurate and precise multi-element data, including evolutionary aspects, representative sampling procedures, inter-element relationships, the physiological function of elements and uptake mechanisms. The book further explores the concept Stoichiometric Network Analysis (SNA) to analyze the biological roles of chemical species. Also discussed is the idea of ecotoxicological identity cards which give a first-hand description of properties relevant for biological and toxicological features of a certain chemical element and its geo biochemically plausible speciation form. The focus of this book goes beyond both classical bioinorganic chemistry and toxicology.

Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology

Werner E. G. Müller,Mikhael A. Grachev
Biosilica in Evolution Morphogenesis and Nanobiotechnology Book PDF

Author : Werner E. G. Müller,Mikhael A. Grachev
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009-02-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540885528

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Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology by Werner E. G. Müller,Mikhael A. Grachev Pdf

Lake Baikal is the oldest, deepest and most voluminous lake on Earth, comprising one fifth of the World’s unfrozen fresh water. It hosts the highest number of endemic animals recorded in any freshwater lake. Until recently it remained enigmatic why such a high diversity evolved in the isolated Lake Baikal. Focusing on the sponges (phylum Porifera) as an example, some answers are provided to fundamental questions on evolutionary forces. The characteristic feature of these animals is that they form their polymeric silicic acid skeleton enzymatically. This process is explored using modern molecular biological and cellular biological techniques to outline strategies to fabricate novel materials applicable in biomedicine and nanooptics.

The Chemistry of Evolution

R.J.P Williams,J.J.R Fraústo da Silva
The Chemistry of Evolution Book PDF

Author : R.J.P Williams,J.J.R Fraústo da Silva
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2005-12-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0080462111

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The Chemistry of Evolution by R.J.P Williams,J.J.R Fraústo da Silva Pdf

Conventionally, evolution has always been described in terms of species. The Chemistry of Evolution takes a novel, not to say revolutionary, approach and examines the evolution of chemicals and the use and degradation of energy, coupled to the environment, as the drive behind it. The authors address the major changes of life from bacteria to man in a systematic and unavoidable sequence, reclassifying organisms as chemotypes. Written by the authors of the bestseller The Biological Chemistry of the Elements - The Inorganic Chemistry of Life, the clarity and precision of The Chemistry of Evolution plainly demonstrate that life is totally interactive with the environment. This exciting theory makes this work an essential addition to the academic and public library. * Provides a novel analysis of evolution in chemical terms * Stresses Systems Biology * Examines the connection between life and the environment, starting with the ‘big bang’ theory * Reorientates the chemistry of life by emphasising the need to analyse the functions of 20 chemical elements in all organisms

Advances in Marine Biology

Alan J. Southward
Advances in Marine Biology Book PDF

Author : Alan J. Southward
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2001-09-05
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0120261413

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Advances in Marine Biology by Alan J. Southward Pdf

Advances in Marine Biology was first published in 1963. Now edited by A.J. Southward (Marine Biological Association, UK), P.A. Tyler (Southampton Oceanography Association, UK), C.M. Young (Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, USA) and L.A. Fuiman (University of Texas, USA), the serial publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics which will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology, oceanography. Eclectic volumes in the series are supplemented by thematic volumes on such topics as The Biology of Calanoid Copepods.* Includes over 55 tables of descriptive data* Covers such topics as coral reefs, southern ocean cephalopods, seagrass and mangrove habitats, and much more* 4 reviews authored by experts in their relevant fields of study