The Nature Of Scientific Knowledge

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The Nature of Scientific Knowledge

Kevin McCain
The Nature of Scientific Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Kevin McCain
Publisher : Springer
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319334059

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The Nature of Scientific Knowledge by Kevin McCain Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the epistemology of science. It not only introduces readers to the general epistemological discussion of the nature of knowledge, but also provides key insights into the particular nuances of scientific knowledge. No prior knowledge of philosophy or science is assumed by The Nature of Scientific Knowledge. Nevertheless, the reader is taken on a journey through several core concepts of epistemology and philosophy of science that not only explores the characteristics of the scientific knowledge of individuals but also the way that the development of scientific knowledge is a particularly social endeavor. The topics covered in this book are of keen interest to students of epistemology and philosophy of science as well as science educators interested in the nature of scientific knowledge. In fact, as a result of its clear and engaging approach to understanding scientific knowledge The Nature of Scientific Knowledge is a book that anyone interested in scientific knowledge, knowledge in general, and any of a myriad of related concepts would be well advised to study closely.

Reconceptualizing the Nature of Science for Science Education

Sibel Erduran,Zoubeida R. Dagher
Reconceptualizing the Nature of Science for Science Education Book PDF

Author : Sibel Erduran,Zoubeida R. Dagher
Publisher : Springer
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401790574

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Reconceptualizing the Nature of Science for Science Education by Sibel Erduran,Zoubeida R. Dagher Pdf

Prompted by the ongoing debate among science educators over ‘nature of science’, and its importance in school and university curricula, this book is a clarion call for a broad re-conceptualizing of nature of science in science education. The authors draw on the ‘family resemblance’ approach popularized by Wittgenstein, defining science as a cognitive-epistemic and social-institutional system whose heterogeneous characteristics and influences should be more thoroughly reflected in science education. They seek wherever possible to clarify their developing thesis with visual tools that illustrate how their ideas can be practically applied in science education. The volume’s holistic representation of science, which includes the aims and values, knowledge, practices, techniques, and methodological rules (as well as science’s social and institutional contexts), mirrors its core aim to synthesize perspectives from the fields of philosophy of science and science education. The authors believe that this more integrated conception of nature of science in science education is both innovative and beneficial. They discuss in detail the implications for curriculum content, pedagogy, and learning outcomes, deploy numerous real-life examples, and detail the links between their ideas and curriculum policy more generally.

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309486163

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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Pdf

One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

The Nature of Scientific Evidence

Mark L. Taper,Subhash R. Lele
The Nature of Scientific Evidence Book PDF

Author : Mark L. Taper,Subhash R. Lele
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2004-10
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : UOM:39015060068437

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The Nature of Scientific Evidence by Mark L. Taper,Subhash R. Lele Pdf

Mark Taper, Subhash Lele and an esteemed group of contributors explore the relationships among hypotheses, models, data and interference on which scientific progress rests in an attempt to develop a new quantitative framework for evidence.

Scientific Inquiry and Nature of Science

Lawrence Flick,N.G. Lederman
Scientific Inquiry and Nature of Science Book PDF

Author : Lawrence Flick,N.G. Lederman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-10-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402026720

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Scientific Inquiry and Nature of Science by Lawrence Flick,N.G. Lederman Pdf

This book synthesizes current literature and research on scientific inquiry and the nature of science in K-12 instruction. Its presentation of the distinctions and overlaps of inquiry and nature of science as instructional outcomes are unique in contemporary literature. Researchers and teachers will find the text interesting as it carefully explores the subtleties and challenges of designing curriculum and instruction for integrating inquiry and nature of science.

What is Scientific Knowledge?

Kevin McCain,Kostas Kampourakis
What is Scientific Knowledge Book PDF

Author : Kevin McCain,Kostas Kampourakis
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351336604

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What is Scientific Knowledge? by Kevin McCain,Kostas Kampourakis Pdf

What Is Scientific Knowledge? is a much-needed collection of introductory-level chapters on the epistemology of science. Renowned historians, philosophers, science educators, and cognitive scientists have authored 19 original contributions specifically for this volume. The chapters, accessible for students in both philosophy and the sciences, serve as helpful introductions to the primary debates surrounding scientific knowledge. First-year undergraduates can readily understand the variety of discussions in the volume, and yet advanced students and scholars will encounter chapters rich enough to engage their many interests. The variety and coverage in this volume make it the perfect choice for the primary text in courses on scientific knowledge. It can also be used as a supplemental book in classes in epistemology, philosophy of science, and other related areas. Key features: * an accessible and comprehensive introduction to the epistemology of science for a wide variety of students (both undergraduate- and graduate-level) and researchers * written by an international team of senior researchers and the most promising junior scholars * addresses several questions that students and lay people interested in science may already have, including questions about how scientific knowledge is gained, its nature, and the challenges it faces.

Taking Science to School

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on Science Learning, Kindergarten Through Eighth Grade
Taking Science to School Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on Science Learning, Kindergarten Through Eighth Grade
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-16
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309133838

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Taking Science to School by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Board on Science Education,Committee on Science Learning, Kindergarten Through Eighth Grade Pdf

What is science for a child? How do children learn about science and how to do science? Drawing on a vast array of work from neuroscience to classroom observation, Taking Science to School provides a comprehensive picture of what we know about teaching and learning science from kindergarten through eighth grade. By looking at a broad range of questions, this book provides a basic foundation for guiding science teaching and supporting students in their learning. Taking Science to School answers such questions as: When do children begin to learn about science? Are there critical stages in a child's development of such scientific concepts as mass or animate objects? What role does nonschool learning play in children's knowledge of science? How can science education capitalize on children's natural curiosity? What are the best tasks for books, lectures, and hands-on learning? How can teachers be taught to teach science? The book also provides a detailed examination of how we know what we know about children's learning of scienceâ€"about the role of research and evidence. This book will be an essential resource for everyone involved in K-8 science educationâ€"teachers, principals, boards of education, teacher education providers and accreditors, education researchers, federal education agencies, and state and federal policy makers. It will also be a useful guide for parents and others interested in how children learn.

Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems

Jerome R. Ravetz
Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems Book PDF

Author : Jerome R. Ravetz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000159844

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Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems by Jerome R. Ravetz Pdf

Science is continually confronted by new and difficult social and ethical problems. Some of these problems have arisen from the transformation of the academic science of the prewar period into the industrialized science of the present. Traditional theories of science are now widely recognized as obsolete. In Scientific Knowledge and Its Social Problems (originally published in 1971), Jerome R. Ravetz analyzes the work of science as the creation and investigation of problems. He demonstrates the role of choice and value judgment, and the inevitability of error, in scientific research. Ravetz's new introductory essay is a masterful statement of how our understanding of science has evolved over the last two decades.

What Goes Up... Gravity and Scientific Method

Peter Kosso
What Goes Up Gravity and Scientific Method Book PDF

Author : Peter Kosso
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107129856

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What Goes Up... Gravity and Scientific Method by Peter Kosso Pdf

This book explores the history of gravity, from Aristotle to Einstein, as a detailed case study for explaining scientific method for non-specialists.

Scientific Research in Education

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Committee on Scientific Principles for Education Research
Scientific Research in Education Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Committee on Scientific Principles for Education Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002-03-28
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309133098

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Scientific Research in Education by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Education,Committee on Scientific Principles for Education Research Pdf

Researchers, historians, and philosophers of science have debated the nature of scientific research in education for more than 100 years. Recent enthusiasm for "evidence-based" policy and practice in educationâ€"now codified in the federal law that authorizes the bulk of elementary and secondary education programsâ€"have brought a new sense of urgency to understanding the ways in which the basic tenets of science manifest in the study of teaching, learning, and schooling. Scientific Research in Education describes the similarities and differences between scientific inquiry in education and scientific inquiry in other fields and disciplines and provides a number of examples to illustrate these ideas. Its main argument is that all scientific endeavors share a common set of principles, and that each fieldâ€"including education researchâ€"develops a specialization that accounts for the particulars of what is being studied. The book also provides suggestions for how the federal government can best support high-quality scientific research in education.

The Nature of Scientific Thinking

J. Faye
The Nature of Scientific Thinking Book PDF

Author : J. Faye
Publisher : Springer
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781137389831

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The Nature of Scientific Thinking by J. Faye Pdf

Scientific thinking must be understood as an activity. The acts of interpretation, representation, and explanation are the cognitive processes by which scientific thinking leads to understanding. The book explores the nature of these processes and describes how scientific thinking can only be grasped from a pragmatic perspective.

Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science

National Academy of Sciences,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Working Group on Teaching Evolution
Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science Book PDF

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Working Group on Teaching Evolution
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1998-05-06
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309063647

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Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science by National Academy of Sciences,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Working Group on Teaching Evolution Pdf

Today many school students are shielded from one of the most important concepts in modern science: evolution. In engaging and conversational style, Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science provides a well-structured framework for understanding and teaching evolution. Written for teachers, parents, and community officials as well as scientists and educators, this book describes how evolution reveals both the great diversity and similarity among the Earth's organisms; it explores how scientists approach the question of evolution; and it illustrates the nature of science as a way of knowing about the natural world. In addition, the book provides answers to frequently asked questions to help readers understand many of the issues and misconceptions about evolution. The book includes sample activities for teaching about evolution and the nature of science. For example, the book includes activities that investigate fossil footprints and population growth that teachers of science can use to introduce principles of evolution. Background information, materials, and step-by-step presentations are provided for each activity. In addition, this volume: Presents the evidence for evolution, including how evolution can be observed today. Explains the nature of science through a variety of examples. Describes how science differs from other human endeavors and why evolution is one of the best avenues for helping students understand this distinction. Answers frequently asked questions about evolution. Teaching About Evolution and the Nature of Science builds on the 1996 National Science Education Standards released by the National Research Councilâ€"and offers detailed guidance on how to evaluate and choose instructional materials that support the standards. Comprehensive and practical, this book brings one of today's educational challenges into focus in a balanced and reasoned discussion. It will be of special interest to teachers of science, school administrators, and interested members of the community.

The Nature of Science in Science Education

W.F. McComas
The Nature of Science in Science Education Book PDF

Author : W.F. McComas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306472152

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The Nature of Science in Science Education by W.F. McComas Pdf

This is the first book to blend a justification for the inclusion of the history and philosophy of science in science teaching with methods by which this vital content can be shared with a variety of learners. It contains a complete analysis of the variety of tools developed thus far to assess learning in this domain. This book is relevant to science methods instructors, science education graduate students and science teachers.

The Science of Nature in the Seventeenth Century

Peter R. Anstey,John A. Schuster
The Science of Nature in the Seventeenth Century Book PDF

Author : Peter R. Anstey,John A. Schuster
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006-06-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402037030

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The Science of Nature in the Seventeenth Century by Peter R. Anstey,John A. Schuster Pdf

One of the hallmarks of the modern world has been the stunning rise of the natural sciences. The exponential expansion of scientific knowledge and the accompanying technology that so impact on our daily lives are truly remarkable. But what is often taken for granted is the enviable epistemic-credit rating of scientific knowledge: science is authoritative, science inspires confidence, science is right. Yet it has not always been so. In the seventeenth century the situation was markedly different: competing sources of authority, shifting disciplinary boundaries, emerging modes of experimental practice and methodological reflection were some of the constituents in a quite different mélange in which knowledge of nature was by no means p- eminent. It was the desire to probe the underlying causes of the shift from the early modern ‘nature-knowledge’ to modern science that was one of the stimuli for the ‘Origins of Modernity: Early Modern Thought 1543–1789’ conference held in Sydney in July 2002. How and why did modern science emerge from its early modern roots to the dominant position which it enjoys in today’s post-modern world? Under the auspices of the International Society for Intellectual History, The University of New South Wales and The University of Sydney, a group of historians and philosophers of science gathered to discuss this issue. However, it soon became clear that a prior question needed to be settled first: the question as to the precise nature of the quest for knowledge of the natural realm in the seventeenth century.

The Manufacture of Knowledge

K.D. Knorr-Cetina
The Manufacture of Knowledge Book PDF

Author : K.D. Knorr-Cetina
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483285740

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The Manufacture of Knowledge by K.D. Knorr-Cetina Pdf

The anthropological approach is the central focus of this study. Laboratories are looked upon with the innocent eye of the traveller in exotic lands, and the societies found in these places are observed with the objective yet compassionate eye of the visitor from a quite other cultural milieu. There are many surprises that await us if we enter a laboratory in this frame of mind... This study is a realistic enterprise, an attempt to truly represent the social order of life in laboratories and institutes of research, just as they are. By bringing the philosophical issues to the surface as matters not of prejudgement but as matters of concern, Karin Knorr-Cetina has developed the first really positive challenge to the philosophy of science since the days of paradigms and internal definitions of meanings