The Palgrave Handbook Of Quantum Models In Social Science

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The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science

Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov
The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science Book PDF

Author : Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137492760

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The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science by Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov Pdf

It is not intuitive to accept that there exists a link between quantum physical systems and cognitive systems. However, recent research has shown that cognitive systems and collective (social) systems, including biology, exhibit uncertainty which can be successfully modelled with quantum probability. The use of such probability allows for the modelling of situations which typically violate the laws of classical probability. The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science is is a unique volume that brings together contributions from leading experts on key topics in this new and emerging field. Completely self-contained, it begins with an introductory section which gathers all the fundamental notions required to be able to understand later chapters. The handbook then moves on to address some of the latest research and applications for quantum methods in social science disciplines, including economics, politics and psychology. It begins with the issue of how the quantum mechanical framework can be applied to economics. Chapters devoted to this topic range from how Fisher information can be argued to play a role in economics, to the foundations and application of quantum game theory. The handbook then progresses in considering how belief states can be updated with the theory of quantum measurements (and also with more general methods). The practical use of the Hilbert space (and Fock space) in decision theory is then introduced, and open quantum systems are also considered. The handbook also treats a model of neural oscillators that reproduces some of the features of quantum cognition. Other contributions delve into causal reasoning using quantum Bayes nets and the role of quantum probability in modelling so called affective evaluation. The handbook is rounded off with two chapters which discuss the grand challenges which lie ahead of us. How can the quantum formalism be justified in social science and is the traditional quantum formalism too restrictive? Finally, a question is posed: whether there is a necessary role for quantum mathematical models to go beyond physics. This book will bring the latest and most cutting edge research on quantum theory to social science disciplines. Students and researchers across the discipline, as well as those in the fields of physics and mathematics will welcome this important addition to the literature.

The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science

Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov
The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science Book PDF

Author : Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1349696919

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The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science by Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov Pdf

It is not intuitive to accept that there exists a link between quantum physical systems and cognitive systems. However, recent research has shown that cognitive systems and collective (social) systems, including biology, exhibit uncertainty which can be successfully modelled with quantum probability. The use of such probability allows for the modelling of situations which typically violate the laws of classical probability. The Palgrave Handbook of Quantum Models in Social Science is is a unique volume that brings together contributions from leading experts on key topics in this new and emerging field. Completely self-contained, it begins with an introductory section which gathers all the fundamental notions required to be able to understand later chapters. The handbook then moves on to address some of the latest research and applications for quantum methods in social science disciplines, including economics, politics and psychology. It begins with the issue of how the quantum mechanical framework can be applied to economics. Chapters devoted to this topic range from how Fisher information can be argued to play a role in economics, to the foundations and application of quantum game theory. The handbook then progresses in considering how belief states can be updated with the theory of quantum measurements (and also with more general methods). The practical use of the Hilbert space (and Fock space) in decision theory is then introduced, and open quantum systems are also considered. The handbook also treats a model of neural oscillators that reproduces some of the features of quantum cognition. Other contributions delve into causal reasoning using quantum Bayes nets and the role of quantum probability in modelling so called affective evaluation. The handbook is rounded off with two chapters which discuss the grand challenges which lie ahead of us. How can the quantum formalism be justified in social science and is the traditional quantum formalism too restrictive? Finally, a question is posed: whether there is a necessary role for quantum mathematical models to go beyond physics. This book will bring the latest and most cutting edge research on quantum theory to social science disciplines. Students and researchers across the discipline, as well as those in the fields of physics and mathematics will welcome this important addition to the literature.

Quantum Methods in Social Science

Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov,Terry Robinson
Quantum Methods in Social Science Book PDF

Author : Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov,Terry Robinson
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-06-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781786342799

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Quantum Methods in Social Science by Emmanuel Haven,Andrei Khrennikov,Terry Robinson Pdf

Shown here is how basic concepts of physics can be used to improve models in finance, economics, psychology and biology. Readers are introduced to how physical theory can inform non-physical phenomena in the social sciences, thereby improving decision making and modeling capabilities in research-based and professional settings. Consisting of three parts, the first part deals with the application of quantum operator methods to financial transactions and population dynamics. Part two develops physical concepts, working from classical Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics and leading to an introduction of quantum information and its application to decision making. The final part treats classical and quantum probability theory in some detail and deals, at a more advanced level, with the impact of quantum probabilities on common knowledge and common beliefs between agents in systems. Quantum Methods in Social Science is a high level textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate students of economics, finance and business, while also being of interest to those with a background in physics. Request Inspection Copy Contents:Quantum Counting: The Number Operator in a Social Science Context:IntroductionClassical Interlude: Modelling Population DynamicsA Quantum Description of SystemsQuantum CountingQuantum TransactionsQuantum MigrationMore Elaborate SystemsConclusionsReferences — Part IThe Quantum-Like Paradigm with Simple Applications:Taking a Step BackModeling Information with an Operational FormalismDecision Making and Quantum ProbabilityReferences — Part IIThe Quantum-Like Paradigm with Advanced Applications:Basics of Classical ProbabilityQuantum ProbabilityCommon KnowledgeQuantum(-Like) Formalization of Common KnowledgeExamplesAppendixReferences — Part III Readership: Advanced undergraduate or graduate students of economics, finance and business, while also being of interest to those with a background in physics.

Open Quantum Systems in Biology, Cognitive and Social Sciences

Andrei Y. Khrennikov
Open Quantum Systems in Biology Cognitive and Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Andrei Y. Khrennikov
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031290244

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Open Quantum Systems in Biology, Cognitive and Social Sciences by Andrei Y. Khrennikov Pdf

This book mathematically analyzes the basic problems of biology, decision making and psychology within the framework of the theory of open quantum systems. In recent years there has been an explosion of interest in applications of quantum theory in fields beyond physics. The main areas include psychology, decision-making, economics, finance, social science as well as genetics and molecular biology. The corresponding models are referred to as quantum-like; they don’t concern any genuine physical processes in the human brain. Quantum-like models reflect the special features of information processing in biological, cognitive, and social systems which match well with the quantum formalism. This formalism gives rise to the quantum probability model (QP) which differs essentially from Kolmogorov's classical probability model. QP also serves as the basis for quantum information theory. Recently QP has been widely applied to the resolution of the basic paradoxes of decision making theory and to modeling experimental data stemming from cognition, psychology, economics, and finance thereby shedding light on probability fallacies and irrational behavior. In this book, the theory of quantum instruments and the quantum master equation are applied to the modeling of biological and cognitive processes, in particular, to the stability of complex biological and social systems interacting with their environment. An essential part of the book is devoted to the theory of the social laser and the Fröhlich condensate.

Quanta and Mind

J. Acacio de Barros,Carlos Montemayor
Quanta and Mind Book PDF

Author : J. Acacio de Barros,Carlos Montemayor
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030219086

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Quanta and Mind by J. Acacio de Barros,Carlos Montemayor Pdf

This edited volume examines aspects of the mind/consciousness that are relevant to the interpretations of quantum mechanics. In it, an international group of contributors focus on the possible connections between quantum mechanics and consciousness. They look at how consciousness can help us with quantum mechanics as well as how quantum mechanics can contribute to our understanding of consciousness. For example, what do different interpretations aimed at solving the measurement problem in quantum mechanics tell us about the nature of consciousness, such as von Neumann's interpretation? Each interpretation has, associated to it, a corresponding metaphysical framework that helps us think about possible “models” of consciousness. Alternatively, what does the nature of consciousness tell us about the role of the observer and time reversibility in the measurement process? The book features 20 papers on contemporary approaches to quanta and mind. It brings together the work of scholars from different disciplines with diverse views on the connections between quanta and mind, ranging from those who are supportive of a link between consciousness and quantum physics to those who are very skeptical of such link. Coverage includes such topics as free will in a quantum world, contextuality and causality, mind and matter interaction, quantum panpsychism, the quantum and quantum-like brain, and the role of time in brain-mind dynamics.

Structural Changes and their Econometric Modeling

Vladik Kreinovich,Songsak Sriboonchitta
Structural Changes and their Econometric Modeling Book PDF

Author : Vladik Kreinovich,Songsak Sriboonchitta
Publisher : Springer
Page : 776 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030042639

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Structural Changes and their Econometric Modeling by Vladik Kreinovich,Songsak Sriboonchitta Pdf

This book focuses on structural changes and economic modeling. It presents papers describing how to model structural changes, as well as those introducing improvements to the existing before-structural-changes models, making it easier to later on combine these models with techniques describing structural changes. The book also includes related theoretical developments and practical applications of the resulting techniques to economic problems. Most traditional mathematical models of economic processes describe how the corresponding quantities change with time. However, in addition to such relatively smooth numerical changes, economical phenomena often undergo more drastic structural change. Describing such structural changes is not easy, but it is vital if we want to have a more adequate description of economic phenomena – and thus, more accurate and more reliable predictions and a better understanding on how best to influence the economic situation.

The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society

Alexander J. Kent,Doug Specht
The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society Book PDF

Author : Alexander J. Kent,Doug Specht
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 695 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000834413

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The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society by Alexander J. Kent,Doug Specht Pdf

The Routledge Handbook of Geospatial Technologies and Society provides a relevant and comprehensive reference point for research and practice in this dynamic field. It offers detailed explanations of geospatial technologies and provides critical reviews and appraisals of their application in society within international and multi-disciplinary contexts as agents of change. The ability of geospatial data to transform knowledge in contemporary and future societies forms an important theme running throughout the entire volume. Contributors reflect on the changing role of geospatial technologies in society and highlight new applications that represent transformative directions in society and point towards new horizons. Furthermore, they encourage dialogue across disciplines to bring new theoretical perspectives on geospatial technologies, from neurology to heritage studies. The international contributions from leading scholars and influential practitioners that constitute the Handbook provide a wealth of critical examples of these technologies as agents of change in societies around the globe. The book will appeal to advanced undergraduates and practitioners interested or engaged in their application worldwide.

Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy

Anirban Chakraborti,Emmanuel Haven,Sudip Patra,Naresh Singh
Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy Book PDF

Author : Anirban Chakraborti,Emmanuel Haven,Sudip Patra,Naresh Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031388330

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Quantum Decision Theory and Complexity Modelling in Economics and Public Policy by Anirban Chakraborti,Emmanuel Haven,Sudip Patra,Naresh Singh Pdf

This book is an outcome of the interdisciplinary conference held at OP Jindal Global University (Quantum Decision-making and Complexity modeling, and their possible applications in social sciences- economics, finance and public policy). The volume builds upon the emerging fields of Econophysics, Complexity theory and Quantum like modelling in cognition and social sciences, and their plausible applications in economics and public policy. There can be deep linkages between the micro, meso and macro scales at which these paradigms operate. In this data-driven age, greater amounts of information, along with the facility to harvest, sort and process said information, have permitted an expansion of the capability to study a society’s various factors to a degree of detail and inclusiveness that has never before been available to researchers. As a result, an increasing number of throughlines is being discovered, revealing heretofore unknown connections between various disciplines and enhancing the study of such societal tropes as finance, language, shared behavior, and many others. As the reader will see, with clearer understanding of the interconnectedness of society’s assorted parts comes a clearer understanding of the society as a whole. We have received critical thoughts from noted experts in social and natural sciences to explore possible interconnections. The editors of this book earnestly hope that the critical reviews presented in this volume will stimulate further scholarly interest, but also interest among policy practitioners for the purpose of exploring possibilities for creating a new paradigm for comprehending pressing issues of deep uncertainty and emergence in social dynamics.

Quantum International Relations

James Der Derian,Alexander Wendt
Quantum International Relations Book PDF

Author : James Der Derian,Alexander Wendt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022-05-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780197568200

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Quantum International Relations by James Der Derian,Alexander Wendt Pdf

The contributors to this volume are motivated by a common apprehension and a common hope. The apprehension was first voiced by Einstein, who lamented the inability of humanity, at the individual and social level, to keep up with the increased speed of technological change brought about by the quantum revolution. As quantum science and technology fast forward into the 21st century, the social sciences remain stuck in classical, 19th century ways of thinking. Can such a mechanistic model of the mind and society possibly help us manage the fully realized technological potential of the quantum? That's where the hope appears: that perhaps quantum is not just a physical science, but a human science too. In Quantum International Relations, James Der Derian and Alexander Wendt gather rising scholars and leading experts to make the case for quantum approaches to world politics. As a fundamental theory of reality and enabler of new technologies, quantum now touches everything, with the potential to revolutionize how we conduct diplomacy, wage war, and make wealth. Contributors present the core principles of quantum mechanics--entanglement, uncertainty, superposition, and the wave function--as significant catalysts and superior heuristics for an accelerating quantum future. Facing a reality which no longer corresponds to an outdated Newtonian worldview of states as billiard balls, individuals as rational actors or power as objective interest, Der Derian and Wendt issue an urgent call for a new human science of quantum International Relations. At the centenary of the first quantum thought experiment in the 1920s, this book offers a diversity of explorations, speculations and approaches for understanding geopolitics in the 21st century.

The Quantum-Like Revolution

Arkady Plotnitsky,Emmanuel Haven
The Quantum Like Revolution Book PDF

Author : Arkady Plotnitsky,Emmanuel Haven
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031129865

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The Quantum-Like Revolution by Arkady Plotnitsky,Emmanuel Haven Pdf

Over the last ten years, elements of the formalism of quantum mechanics have been successfully applied beyond physics in areas such as psychology (especially cognition), economics and finance (especially in the formalization of so-called ‘decision making’), political science, and molecular biology. An important stream of work along these lines, commonly under the heading of quantum-like modeling, has been published in well regarded scientific journals, and major publishers have devoted entire books to the topic. This Festschrift honors a key figure in this field of research: Andrei Khrennikov, who made momentous contributions to it and to quantum foundations themselves. While honoring these contributions, and in order to do so, this Festschrift orients its reader toward the future rather than focusing on the past: it addresses future challenges and establishes the way forward in both domains, quantum-like modeling and quantum foundations. A while ago, in response to the developments of using the quantum formalism outside of quantum mechanics, the eminent quantum physicist Anton Zeilinger said, ‘Why should it be precisely the quantum mechanics formalism? Maybe its generalization would be more adequate...’ This volume responds to this statement by both showing the reasons for the continuing importance of quantum formalism and yet also considering pathways to such generalizations. Khrennikov’s work has been indispensable in establishing the great promise of quantum and quantum-like thinking in shaping the future of scientific research across the disciplines.

Quantum-Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision-Making

Diederik Aerts,Andrei Khrennikov,Massimo Melucci,Bourama Toni
Quantum Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Diederik Aerts,Andrei Khrennikov,Massimo Melucci,Bourama Toni
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030259136

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Quantum-Like Models for Information Retrieval and Decision-Making by Diederik Aerts,Andrei Khrennikov,Massimo Melucci,Bourama Toni Pdf

Recent years have been characterized by tremendous advances in quantum information and communication, both theoretically and experimentally. In addition, mathematical methods of quantum information and quantum probability have begun spreading to other areas of research, beyond physics. One exciting new possibility involves applying these methods to information science and computer science (without direct relation to the problems of creation of quantum computers). The aim of this Special Volume is to encourage scientists, especially the new generation (master and PhD students), working in computer science and related mathematical fields to explore novel possibilities based on the mathematical formalisms of quantum information and probability. The contributing authors, who hail from various countries, combine extensive quantum methods expertise with real-world experience in application of these methods to computer science. The problems considered chiefly concern quantum information-probability based modeling in the following areas: information foraging; interactive quantum information access; deep convolutional neural networks; decision making; quantum dynamics; open quantum systems; and theory of contextual probability. The book offers young scientists (students, PhD, postdocs) an essential introduction to applying the mathematical apparatus of quantum theory to computer science, information retrieval, and information processes.

Quantum Social Theory for Critical International Relations Theorists

Michael P. A. Murphy
Quantum Social Theory for Critical International Relations Theorists Book PDF

Author : Michael P. A. Murphy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030601119

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Quantum Social Theory for Critical International Relations Theorists by Michael P. A. Murphy Pdf

This book examines the crossroads of quantum and critical approaches to International Relations and argues that these approaches share a common project of uncovering complexity and uncertainty. The “quantum turn” in International Relations theory has produced a number of interesting insights into the complex ways in which our assumptions about the physics of the world around us can limit our understanding of social life. While critique is possible within a Newtonian social science, core assumptions of separability and determinism of classical physics impose limits on what is imaginable. The author argues that by adopting a quantum imaginary, social theory can move beyond its Newtonian limits, and explore two methods for quantizing conceptual models—translation and application. This book is the first introductory book to quantum social theory ideas specifically intended for an audience of critical International Relations.

The Routledge Handbook of Consciousness

Rocco J. Gennaro
The Routledge Handbook of Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Rocco J. Gennaro
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317386803

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The Routledge Handbook of Consciousness by Rocco J. Gennaro Pdf

There has been an explosion of work on consciousness in the last 30–40 years from philosophers, psychologists, and neurologists. Thus, there is a need for an interdisciplinary, comprehensive volume in the field that brings together contributions from a wide range of experts on fundamental and cutting-edge topics. The Routledge Handbook of Consciousness fills this need and makes each chapter’s importance understandable to students and researchers from a variety of backgrounds. Designed to complement and better explain primary sources, this volume is a valuable "first-stop" publication for undergraduate or graduate students enrolled in any course on "Consciousness," "Philosophy of Mind," or "Philosophy of Psychology," as well as a valuable handbook for researchers in these fields who want a useful reference to have close at hand. The 34 chapters, all published here for the first time, are divided into three parts: Part I covers the "History and Background Metaphysics" of consciousness, such as dualism, materialism, free will, and personal identity, and includes a chapter on Indian philosophy. Part II is on specific "Contemporary Theories of Consciousness," with chapters on representational, information integration, global workspace, attention-based, and quantum theories. Part III is entitled "Major Topics in Consciousness Research," with chapters on psychopathologies, dreaming, meditation, time, action, emotion, multisensory experience, animal and robot consciousness, and the unity of consciousness. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction and concludes with a list of "Related Topics," as well as a list of "References," making the volume indispensable for the newcomer and experienced researcher alike.

Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics

Vladik Kreinovich,Nguyen Ngoc Thach,Nguyen Duc Trung,Dang Van Thanh
Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics Book PDF

Author : Vladik Kreinovich,Nguyen Ngoc Thach,Nguyen Duc Trung,Dang Van Thanh
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1157 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030042004

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Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Methods in Economics by Vladik Kreinovich,Nguyen Ngoc Thach,Nguyen Duc Trung,Dang Van Thanh Pdf

This book presents recent research on probabilistic methods in economics, from machine learning to statistical analysis. Economics is a very important – and at the same a very difficult discipline. It is not easy to predict how an economy will evolve or to identify the measures needed to make an economy prosper. One of the main reasons for this is the high level of uncertainty: different difficult-to-predict events can influence the future economic behavior. To make good predictions and reasonable recommendations, this uncertainty has to be taken into account. In the past, most related research results were based on using traditional techniques from probability and statistics, such as p-value-based hypothesis testing. These techniques led to numerous successful applications, but in the last decades, several examples have emerged showing that these techniques often lead to unreliable and inaccurate predictions. It is therefore necessary to come up with new techniques for processing the corresponding uncertainty that go beyond the traditional probabilistic techniques. This book focuses on such techniques, their economic applications and the remaining challenges, presenting both related theoretical developments and their practical applications.

Theories of Choice

Stefan Grundmann,Philipp Hacker
Theories of Choice Book PDF

Author : Stefan Grundmann,Philipp Hacker
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-14
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192608260

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Theories of Choice by Stefan Grundmann,Philipp Hacker Pdf

Choice is a key concept of our time. It is a foundational mechanism for every legal order in societies that are, politically, constituted as democracies and, economically, built on the market mechanism. Thus, choice can be understood as an atomic structure that grounds core societal processes. In recent years, however, the debate over the right way to theorize choice - for example, as a rational or a behavioral type of decision making - has intensified. This collection provides an in-depth discussion of the promises and perils of specific types of theories of choice. It shows how the selection of a specific theory of choice can make a difference for concrete legal questions, in particular in the regulation of the digital economy or in choosing between market, firm, or network. In its first part, the volume provides an accessible overview of the current debates about rational versus behavioral approaches to theories of choice. The remainder of the book structures the vast landscape of theories of choice along with three main types: individual, collective, and organizational decision making. As theories of choice proliferate and become ever more sophisticated, however, the process of choosing an adequate theory of choice becomes increasingly intricate. This volume addresses this selection problem for the various legal arenas in which individual, organizational, and collective decisions matter. By drawing on economic, technological, political, and legal points of view, the volume shows which theories of choice are at the disposal of the legally relevant decision-maker, and how they can be operationalized for the solution of concrete legal problems. The editors acknowledge the kind support of the Fritz Thyssen Foundation for an exploratory conference on the subject of the book.