The Philosophy Of The Enlightenment

Author : Ernst Cassirer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-08-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691143347

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The Philosophy of the Enlightenment by Ernst Cassirer Pdf

In this classic work of intellectual history, Ernst Cassirer provides both a cogent synthesis and a penetrating analysis of one of history's greatest intellectual epochs: the Enlightenment. Arguing that there was a common foundation beneath the diverse strands of thought of this period, he shows how Enlightenment philosophers drew upon the ideas of the preceding centuries even while radically transforming them to fit the modern world. In Cassirer's view, the Enlightenment liberated philosophy from the realm of pure thought and restored it to its true place as an active and creative force through which knowledge of the world is achieved. In a new foreword, Peter Gay considers The Philosophy of the Enlightenment in the context in which it was written--Germany in 1932, on the precipice of the Nazi seizure of power and one of the greatest assaults on the ideals of the Enlightenment. He also argues that Cassirer's work remains a trenchant defense against enemies of the Enlightenment in the twenty-first century.

Author : Lucien Goldmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2009-11-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781136989636

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The Philosophy of the Enlightenment (Routledge Revivals) by Lucien Goldmann Pdf

In this reissue, originally published in English in 1973, French philosopher Lucien Goldmann turns his attention to the Enlightenment of the eighteenth century, the great age of liberalism and individualism and analyses the ‘mental structures’ of the outlook of the philosophes, who showed that the ancien regime and the privileges of the Church were irrational anachronisms. In assessing the strengths and limitations of individualism, Goldmann considers the achievements and limitations of the Enlightenment. He discusses the views of Hegel and Marx and examines the relation between liberal scepticism and traditional Christianity to point the way to the possible reconciliation of the two seemingly incompatible ‘world visions’ of East and West today.

Author : Ritchie Robertson
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 1008 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780241004838

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The Enlightenment by Ritchie Robertson Pdf

'The best single-volume study of the Enlightenment that we have' Literary Review The Enlightenment is one of the formative periods of Western history, yet more than 300 years after it began, it remains controversial. It is often seen as the fountainhead of modern values such as human rights, religious toleration, freedom of thought, scientific thought as an exemplary form of reasoning, and rationality and evidence-based argument. Others accuse the Enlightenment of putting forward a scientific rationality which ignores the complexity and variety of human beings, propagates shallow atheism, and aims to subjugate nature to so-called technical progress. Answering the question 'what is Enlightenment?' Kant famously urged men and women above all to 'have the courage to use your own understanding'. Robertson shows how the thinkers of the Enlightenment did just that, seeking a rounded understanding of humanity in which reason was balanced with emotion and sensibility. His book goes behind the controversies about the Enlightenment to return to its original texts and to show that above all it sought to increase human happiness in this world by promoting scientific inquiry and reasoned argument. His book overturns many received opinions - for example, that enlightenment necessarily implied hostility to religion (though it did challenge the authority traditionally assumed by the Churches). It is a master-class in 'big picture' history, about one of the foundational epochs of modern times.

Author : John Robertson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9780199591787

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The Enlightenment by John Robertson Pdf

This introduction explores the history of the 18th-century Enlightenment movement. Considering its intellectual commitments, Robertson then turns to their impact on society, and the ways in which Enlightenment thinkers sought to further the goal of human betterment, by promoting economic improvement and civil and political justice.

Author : John Hibben
Publisher : Jovian Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-01-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781537818962

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The Philosophy of the Enlightenment by John Hibben Pdf

THE age of the Enlightenment has a peculiar interest and value for the student of the history of philosophy. The philosophical output of this period is unusually rich and significant, embracing as it does the classical writings of Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Leibniz, Rousseau and Kant, and therefore may well be studied for the material which these separate contributions severally contain. But, more than this, the eighteenth-century philosophy is a period in which a great movement of thought is exhibited, and that, too, on a large and conspicuous stage. England, France, Germany form its settings. It begins with Locke and is completed in Kant. And whatever significance Kant may possess for the philosophical world to-day attaches also to this period, for this period served to open the way for the critical philosophy of the great master which is its appropriate culmination.

Author : Caroline Warman
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781783742035

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Tolerance by Caroline Warman Pdf

Inspired by Voltaire’s advice that a text needs to be concise to have real influence, this anthology contains fiery extracts by forty eighteenth-century authors, from the most famous philosophers of the age to those whose brilliant writings are less well-known. These passages are immensely diverse in style and topic, but all have in common a passionate commitment to equality, freedom, and tolerance. Each text resonates powerfully with the issues our world faces today. Tolerance was first published by the Société française d’étude du dix-huitième siècle (the French Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies) in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo assassinations in January 2015 as an act of solidarity and as a response to the surge of interest in Enlightenment values. With the support of the British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, it has now been translated by over 100 students and tutors of French at Oxford University.

Author : Anthony Gottlieb
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781631492082

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The Dream of Enlightenment: The Rise of Modern Philosophy by Anthony Gottlieb Pdf

Anthony Gottlieb’s landmark The Dream of Reason and its sequel challenge Bertrand Russell’s classic as the definitive history of Western philosophy. Western philosophy is now two and a half millennia old, but much of it came in just two staccato bursts, each lasting only about 150 years. In his landmark survey of Western philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance, The Dream of Reason, Anthony Gottlieb documented the first burst, which came in the Athens of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Now, in his sequel, The Dream of Enlightenment, Gottlieb expertly navigates a second great explosion of thought, taking us to northern Europe in the wake of its wars of religion and the rise of Galilean science. In a relatively short period—from the early 1640s to the eve of the French Revolution—Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Leibniz, and Hume all made their mark. The Dream of Enlightenment tells their story and that of the birth of modern philosophy. As Gottlieb explains, all these men were amateurs: none had much to do with any university. They tried to fathom the implications of the new science and of religious upheaval, which led them to question traditional teachings and attitudes. What does the advance of science entail for our understanding of ourselves and for our ideas of God? How should a government deal with religious diversity—and what, actually, is government for? Such questions remain our questions, which is why Descartes, Hobbes, and the others are still pondered today. Yet it is because we still want to hear them that we can easily get these philosophers wrong. It is tempting to think they speak our language and live in our world; but to understand them properly, we must step back into their shoes. Gottlieb puts readers in the minds of these frequently misinterpreted figures, elucidating the history of their times and the development of scientific ideas while engagingly explaining their arguments and assessing their legacy in lively prose. With chapters focusing on Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Pierre Bayle, Leibniz, Hume, Rousseau, and Voltaire—and many walk-on parts—The Dream of Enlightenment creates a sweeping account of what the Enlightenment amounted to, and why we are still in its debt.

Author : Peter Gilmour
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : History
ISBN : 0389209104

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Philosophers of the Enlightenment by Peter Gilmour Pdf

This is the first clear and comprehensive introduction to the philosophers of the Enlightenment. Nine contemporary specialists lead the student gently through Enlightenment thought by looking at the lives and writings of individual philosophers, such as Liebniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, Reid, Kant, Voltaire and Fourier. This is an introduction to a complex subject which should become recommended reading for students of philosophy from school to university level, as well as anyone interested in Enlightenment thought. Contents: PETER GILMOUR Introduction; STUART BROWN 1. eibniz and the Fashion for Systems and Hypotheses; JOHN WILLIAMSON 2. Boyle and Locke: on Material Substance; STEPHEN CLARK 3. Soft as the Rustle of a Reed from Cloyne (Berkeley); ANGUS J. MACKAY 4. David Hume; R.F. STALLEY 5. Common Sense and Enlightenment: the Philosophy of Thomas Reid; MURRAY MACBEATH 6. Kant; CHRISTOPHER BERRY 7. Adam Smith: Commerce, Liberty and Modernity; PETER JIMACK 8. Voltaire; I.D. LLOYD-JONES 9. Charles Fourier: Faithful Pupil of the Enlightenment; Index^R

Author : Ernst Cassirer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Enlightenment
ISBN : OCLC:281814649

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The Philosophy of the Enlightenment by Ernst Cassirer Pdf

Author : Jane O'Grady
Publisher : Knowledge in a Nutshell
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Enlightenment
ISBN : 1788283724

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Enlightenment Philosophy in a Nutshell by Jane O'Grady Pdf

"...there is nothing elementary about O'Grady's primer. She pulls off the feat of writing a reliable and accessible introduction to modern philosophy that is also a meaningful contribution to the subject." - London Times Literary Supplement From Descartes' famous line 'I think therefore I am' to Kant's fascinating discussions of morality, the thinkers of the Enlightenment have helped to shape the modern world. Addressing such important subjects as the foundations of knowledge and the role of ethics, the theories of these philosophers continue to have great relevance to our lives. Ranging across Enlightenment thinking from Berkeley to Rousseau, Enlightenment Philosophy in a Nutshell explains important ideas such as Locke's ideas of primary and secondary qualities, Kant's moral rationalism, and Hume's inductive reasoning. Filled with helpful diagrams and simple summaries of complex theories, this essential introduction brings the great ideas of the past to everyone.

Author : Jonathan Irvine Israel,Professor of Modern European History Jonathan I Israel
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198206088

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Radical Enlightenment by Jonathan Irvine Israel,Professor of Modern European History Jonathan I Israel Pdf

Arguably the most decisive shift in the history of ideas in modern times was the complete demolition during the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - in the wake of the Scientific Revolution - of traditional structures of authority, scientific thought, and belief by the new philosophyand the philosophes, culminating in Voltaire, Diderot, and Rousseau. In this revolutionary process which effectively overthrew all justicfication for monarchy, aristocracy, and ecclesiastical power, as well as man's dominance over woman, theological dominance of education, and slavery, substitutingthe modern principles of equality, democracy, and universality, the Radical Enlightenment played a crucially important part. Despite the present day interest in the revolutions of the late eighteenth century, the origins and rise of the Radical Enlightenment have been astonishingly little studieddoubtless largely because of its very wide international sweep and the obvious difficulty of fitting in into the restrictive conventions of 'national history' which until recently tended to dominate all historiography. The greatest obstacle to the Radical Enlightenment finding its proper place inmodern historical writing is simply that it was not French, British, German, Italian, Jewish or Dutch, but all of these at the same time. In this novel interpretation of the Radical Enlightenment down to La Mettie and Diderot, two of its key exponents, particular stress is placed on the pivotal roleof Spinoza and the widespread underground international philosophical movement known before 1750 as Spinozism.

Author : Samuel Fleischacker
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : History
ISBN : 9780415486064

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What is Enlightenment? by Samuel Fleischacker Pdf

This engaging and lucid book explains and assesses Kant's philosophy of Enlightenment. Including helpful chapter summaries and guides to further reading, it is ideal for anyone studying Kant or the Enlightenment, as well students of politics, history and religious studies.

Author : Geoff Boucher,Henry Martyn Lloyd
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498558136

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Rethinking the Enlightenment by Geoff Boucher,Henry Martyn Lloyd Pdf

One of the most persistent, troubling, and divisive of the ideological divisions within modernity is the struggle over the Enlightenment and its legacy. Much of the difficulty is owed to a general failure among scholars to consider how history, philosophy, and politics work together. Rethinking the Enlightenment bridges these disciplinary divides. Recent work by historians has now called into question many of the clichés that still dominate scholarly understandings of the Enlightenment’s literary, philosophical, and political culture. Yet this work has so far had little impact on the reception of the Enlightenment, its key players, debates, and ideas in the disciplines that most rely on its legacy, namely, philosophy and political science. Edited by Geoff Boucher and Henry Martyn Lloyd, Rethinking the Enlightenment makes the case for connecting new work in intellectual history with fresh understandings of ‘Continental’ philosophy and political theory. In doing so, in this collection moves towards a critical self-understanding of the present.

Author : Axel Honneth
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0262581094

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Philosophical Interventions in the Unfinished Project of Enlightenment by Axel Honneth Pdf

These 11 essays by noted philosophers and social theorists take up the philosophical aspects of Jürgen Habermas's unfinished project of reconstructing enlightenment rationality. They range in subject matter from classical problems to contemporary debates, covering historical perspectives, theoretical issues, and post-enlightenment challenges. A companion volume of essays will take up the cultural and political aspects of the work. Together, the two volumes underscore the richness and variety of Habermas's project. Contributors Karl-Otto Apel, Richard J. Bernstein, Peter Bürger, Martin Jay, Thomas McCarthy, Herbert Schnädelbach, Charles Taylor, Michael Theunissen, Ernst Tugendhat, Albrecht Wellmer

Author : Natasha Gill
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317145684

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Educational Philosophy in the French Enlightenment by Natasha Gill Pdf

Though Emile is still considered the central pedagogical text of the French Enlightenment, a myriad of lesser-known thinkers paved the way for Rousseau's masterpiece. Natasha Gill traces the arc of these thinkers as they sought to reveal the correlation between early childhood experiences and the success or failure of social and political relations, and set the terms for the modern debate about the influence of nature and nurture in individual growth and collective life. Gill offers a comprehensive analysis of the rich cross-fertilization between educational and philosophical thought in the French Enlightenment. She begins by showing how in Some Thoughts Concerning Education John Locke set the stage for the French debate by transposing key themes from his philosophy into an educational context. Her treatment of the abbé Claude Fleury, the rector of the University of Paris Charles Rollin, and Swiss educator Jean-Pierre de Crousaz illustrates the extent to which early Enlightenment theorists reevaluated childhood and learning methods on the basis of sensationist psychology. Etienne-Gabriel Morelly, usually studied as a marginal thinker in the history of utopian thought, is here revealed as the most important precursor to Rousseau, and the first theorist to claim education as the vehicle through which individual liberation, social harmony and political unity could be achieved. Gill concludes with an analysis of the educational-philosophical dispute between Helvétius and Rousseau, and traces the influence of pedagogical theory on the political debate surrounding the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1762.