The Political Economy Of Mgnregs Spending In Andhra Pradesh

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The political economy of MGNREGS spending in Andhra Pradesh

Sheahan, Megan,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,Narayanan, Sudha
The political economy of MGNREGS spending in Andhra Pradesh Book PDF

Author : Sheahan, Megan,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,Narayanan, Sudha
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The political economy of MGNREGS spending in Andhra Pradesh by Sheahan, Megan,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,Narayanan, Sudha Pdf

While government spending on pro-poor community asset creation and income-transfers could have compounding positive effects on poverty reduction, it is important to first study trends in the allocation of funds, particularly as they relate to the susceptibility of the program to political clientelism. This paper uses expenditure data at the local level in Andhra Pradesh from India’s National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, a rights-based program distributing both public and private goods, to investigate the relationship between voting outcomes and program intensity in the seven years straddling a major election. By focusing on one state where accountability and transparency mechanisms have been employed and implementation efforts have been applauded, the authors do not find evidence of blatant vote buying before the 2009 election but do find that patronage played a small part in fund distribution after the 2009 election. Indeed most variation in expenditures is explained by the observed needs of potential beneficiaries, as the scheme intended.

Drought risk reduction in agriculture

Cenacchi, Nicola
Drought risk reduction in agriculture Book PDF

Author : Cenacchi, Nicola
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Drought risk reduction in agriculture by Cenacchi, Nicola Pdf

This report is a component of the Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS)–-funded project “Impacts of Climate Extremes on Future Water and Food Security in South Asia and East Africa.” The goal of the project was to characterize extreme drought events, to improve on a methodology to assess the probability of these events in the future under climate change, to illustrate their impacts, and to provide suggestions on coping strategies. The present report sets the stage for the overall project by undertaking a review of the causes of vulnerability to drought in East Africa and the western Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of South Asia, and discussing the options to increase resilience to drought in the agricultural sector. Agriculture is a high-risk endeavor in both regions, due to a combination of recurrent droughts—which may intensify due to climate change—poor soil fertility, and a host of constraints faced by farmers, especially low access to input and output markets. These factors, combined with farmers’ high aversion to risk, stifle investments in agriculture, resulting in continuous underachieving production, low income, and persisting poverty.

Variable returns to fertilizer use and its relationship to poverty

Harou, Aurélie,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,You, Liangzhi
Variable returns to fertilizer use and its relationship to poverty Book PDF

Author : Harou, Aurélie,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,You, Liangzhi
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Variable returns to fertilizer use and its relationship to poverty by Harou, Aurélie,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.,You, Liangzhi Pdf

Despite the rise of targeted input subsidy programs in Africa over the last decade, several questions remain as to whether low and variable soil fertility, frequent drought, and high fertilizer prices render fertilizer unprofitable for large subpopulations of African farmers. To examine these questions, we use large-scale, panel experimental data from maize field trials throughout Malawi to estimate the expected physical returns to fertilizer use conditional on a range of agronomic factors and weather conditions. Using these estimated returns and historical price and weather data, we simulate the expected profitability of fertilizer application over space and time. We find that the fertilizer bundles distributed under Malawi’s subsidy program are almost always profitable in expectation, although our results may be reasonably interpreted as upper-bound estimates among more skilled farmers given that the experimental subjects were not randomly selected.

Food safety and developing markets

Unnevehr, Laurian,Ronchi, Loraine
Food safety and developing markets Book PDF

Author : Unnevehr, Laurian,Ronchi, Loraine
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food safety and developing markets by Unnevehr, Laurian,Ronchi, Loraine Pdf

To better inform donor support for public food safety interventions, this paper reviews the literature on the impact of more stringent food safety standards on developing-country markets. This literature has primarily focused on the market access and economic implications of higher standards in export markets rather than on the extensive debate around market failure and public health benefits that dominates the literature in developed countries. We find that the market access benefits from compliance with public and private food safety standards are clear, as is the market exclusion that results from noncompliance. These benefits are now well documented, with more recent evidence pointing to added benefits of poverty reduction and spillovers for health and productivity. Rigorous evidence is also found concerning the positive role of technical assistance and public or donor support. Most of the literature, however, has focused on the relatively small market for EU horticultural products, which will provide opportunities for only a fraction of developing-country producers. This narrow focus causes important gaps in the literature informing meaningful public roles in addressing food safety in developing countries. Future research should examine and rigorously evaluate alternative models for how best to support improved food safety management outside of the export channels that have been the focus of the literature thus far. Further, evaluating the impact of public–private approaches on reduction in enforcement costs and improving compliance through supporting industry-led efforts would better inform donor support for food safety reforms, as would research among developing-country consumers with respect to food safety reforms and public health.

The “Discouraged Worker Effect” in public works programs: Evidence from the MGNREGA in India

Narayanan, Sudha,Das, Upasak,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.
The Discouraged Worker Effect in public works programs Evidence from the MGNREGA in India Book PDF

Author : Narayanan, Sudha,Das, Upasak,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The “Discouraged Worker Effect” in public works programs: Evidence from the MGNREGA in India by Narayanan, Sudha,Das, Upasak,Liu, Yanyan,Barrett, Christopher B. Pdf

This study investigates the consequences of poor implementation in public workfare programs, focusing on the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in India. Using nationally representative data, we test empirically for a discouraged worker effect arising from either of two mechanisms: administrative rationing of jobs among those who seek work and delays in wage payments. We find strong evidence at the household and district levels that administrative rationing discourages subsequent demand for work. Delayed wage payments seem to matter significantly during rainfall shocks. We find further that rationing is strongly associated with indicators of implementation ability such as staff capacity. Politics appears to play only a limited role. The findings suggest that assessments of the relevance of public programs over their lifecycle need to factor in implementation quality.

Political activism as a determinant of clientelistic transfers

Chau, Nancy H.,Liu, Yanyan,Soundararajan, Vidhya
Political activism as a determinant of clientelistic transfers Book PDF

Author : Chau, Nancy H.,Liu, Yanyan,Soundararajan, Vidhya
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Political activism as a determinant of clientelistic transfers by Chau, Nancy H.,Liu, Yanyan,Soundararajan, Vidhya Pdf

This paper contributes to the literature by developing a model of political clientelism based on an under-explored citizen attribute - political activism, in addition to two other attributes: political affiliation and income. The model uncovers the role of "politically active" individuals in their ability to influence and shape opinion, as well as the inclination of politicians to offer targeted transfers to this group in order to indirectly influence other voters (ie., activists or undecided voters).

Economic Successes in South Asia

Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Economic Successes in South Asia Book PDF

Author : Shahrukh Rafi Khan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000548068

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Economic Successes in South Asia by Shahrukh Rafi Khan Pdf

This book analyses economic successes in South Asia and the reasons why they emerge by offering an in-depth analysis of a few case studies against the backdrop of overall policy context and economic performance of these countries. Offering a brief comparative review of South Asia in a global context, the book shows that the region remains an economically and socially lagging region. The author argues that within South Asia, most countries demonstrate examples of economic or social success. This book explores such successes that provide lessons for other South Asian countries and beyond. Case studies include the textile industry and microcredit in Bangladesh, information technology in India, forestry management in Nepal, surgical and sports goods in Pakistan, and human development in Sri Lanka. At the macro level, the book discusses India’s catch-up growth first given the country’s global importance and because of the prominence of the debate on its catch-up growth to development economics. A novel addition to the literature with its focus on successful initiatives with broad policy implications, this book will be of interest to researchers in the field of development economics, development studies and South Asian Studies, in particular South Asian policy.

Gender research in the CGIAR research program on policies, institutions, and markets in 2018 and 2019

Vos, Andrea,Pyburn, Rhiannon
Gender research in the CGIAR research program on policies institutions and markets in 2018 and 2019 Book PDF

Author : Vos, Andrea,Pyburn, Rhiannon
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Gender research in the CGIAR research program on policies, institutions, and markets in 2018 and 2019 by Vos, Andrea,Pyburn, Rhiannon Pdf

This report analyses PIM’s 391 peer-reviewed 2018 and 20191 publications. We highlight key gender findings and discuss the challenges faced by researchers in doing gender analysis, with a view to documenting lessons learned and improving practices. It is hoped that the gaps and strengths identified in this report will be useful inputs for future research under PIM and One CGIAR.

Employment Guarantee Programme and Dynamics of Rural Transformation in India

Madhusudan Bhattarai,P.K. Viswanathan,Rudra N. Mishra,Cynthia Bantilan
Employment Guarantee Programme and Dynamics of Rural Transformation in India Book PDF

Author : Madhusudan Bhattarai,P.K. Viswanathan,Rudra N. Mishra,Cynthia Bantilan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811062629

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Employment Guarantee Programme and Dynamics of Rural Transformation in India by Madhusudan Bhattarai,P.K. Viswanathan,Rudra N. Mishra,Cynthia Bantilan Pdf

This book offers an assessment of the performance, impact, and welfare implications of the world’s largest employment guarantee programme, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). Launched by the Indian government, the programme covers entire rural area of the country. The book presents various micro-level analyses of the programme and its heterogeneous impacts at different scales, almost a decade after its implementation. While there are some doubts over the future of the scheme as well as its magnitude, nature and content, the central government appears committed to it, as a ‘convergence scheme’ of various other welfare and rural development programmes being implemented at both national and state level. The book discusses the outcomes of the programme and offers critical insights into the lessons learnt, not only in the context of India, but also for similar schemes in countries in South and South-East Asia as well as in Africa, and Latin America. Adopting inter-disciplinary perspectives in analysing these issues, this unique book uses a judicious mix of methods---integrating quantitative and qualitative tools---and will be an invaluable resource for analysts, NGOs, policymakers and academics alike.

Understanding India’s New Political Economy

Sanjay Ruparelia,Sanjay Reddy,John Harriss,Stuart Corbridge
Understanding India s New Political Economy Book PDF

Author : Sanjay Ruparelia,Sanjay Reddy,John Harriss,Stuart Corbridge
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136816499

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Understanding India’s New Political Economy by Sanjay Ruparelia,Sanjay Reddy,John Harriss,Stuart Corbridge Pdf

This textbook addresses the three most important large-scale transformations that have reshaped India since 1989: the advent of liberal economic reform, the ascendance of Hindu cultural nationalism, and the empowerment of historically subordinate classes through popular democratic mobilizations.€Filling a gap in the literature, €it describes, explains and assesses the nexus between these central transformations in a rigorous and integrated manner.

The Comparative Political Economy of Development

Barbara Harriss-White,Judith Heyer
The Comparative Political Economy of Development Book PDF

Author : Barbara Harriss-White,Judith Heyer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009-12-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135171940

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The Comparative Political Economy of Development by Barbara Harriss-White,Judith Heyer Pdf

Illustrates the enduring relevance and vitality of the comparative political economy of development approach and presents the relation between theory and empirical material in an interactive way. This title offers an explanation of what is happening in the continent of Africa and the sub-continent of South Asia.

MGNREGA and Women Empowerment

Annita Ranjan
MGNREGA and Women Empowerment Book PDF

Author : Annita Ranjan
Publisher : Prabhat Prakashan
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-01
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9788184303780

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MGNREGA and Women Empowerment by Annita Ranjan Pdf

A lot has changed in Indian social and economic planning since the introduction of the grand rural employment guarantee scheme; now known as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Act (MGNREGA). The act has been implemented; suffered setbacks; established land-marks; drawn criticism; and collected accolades in all these years. But most significantly it has profoundly changed the character of the Indian women at large. Whether these changes are good for Indian democracy is a matter of debate; the sides in which are determined by the position on democracy and development taken by the participant. In this book; we seek to present different aspects of the Act; scheme and its implemen-tation so as to give the readers a common insight how successful this scheme has been and what needs to be done. This book would be useful for those who are interested in an informed and passionate debate about social policy in India and in the constitutional vision of bringing dignity to all fellow citizens.

Employment Policy in Emerging Economies

Elizabeth Hill,Amitendu Palit
Employment Policy in Emerging Economies Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Hill,Amitendu Palit
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317420798

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Employment Policy in Emerging Economies by Elizabeth Hill,Amitendu Palit Pdf

Employment is a critical part of the macro-economy and a key driver of economic development. India’s employment policy over the past three decades provides an important case study for understanding how government attitudes to the labour market contribute to an emerging economy’s growth and development. This study contains important insights on the policy challenges faced by one of the world’s most populous, labour abundant economies in securing employment in a context of structural change. The book considers India’s approach to employment policy from a national and global perspective and whether policy settings promote employment intensive growth. Chapters in the first half of the volume evaluate India’s approach to employment policy within the national and international context. This includes the ILO Decent Work program, the national agenda for inclusive growth, and national regulatory frameworks for labour and education. Chapters in the second half of the volume focus on how employment policy works in practice and its impact on manufacturing workers, the self-employed, women, and rural workers. These chapters draw attention to the contradictions within the current policy regime and the need for new approaches. Employment Policy in Emerging Economies will interest scholars, policy makers and students of the Indian economy and South Asia more generally. It will support undergraduate and postgraduate academic teaching in courses on economic development, global political economy, the Indian economy and global labour.

MGNREGA: Employment, Wages and Migration in Rural India

Parmod Kumar,Dipanwita Chakraborty
MGNREGA Employment Wages and Migration in Rural India Book PDF

Author : Parmod Kumar,Dipanwita Chakraborty
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317312994

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MGNREGA: Employment, Wages and Migration in Rural India by Parmod Kumar,Dipanwita Chakraborty Pdf

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was enacted in India with the multiple objectives of providing employment in a rights-based framework, addressing rural poverty, checking migration, and building rural infrastructure. As such, every year around 15–20 per cent of households in India overall and 30 per cent in rural India receive some form of employment share under the MGNREGA programme. This volume looks at various aspect of the scheme, its linkage with employment, agricultural wages, livelihood and food security, gender issues, and migration in rural India. It also discusses challenges in implementation, hurdles and the relative successes of the scheme. Based on primary survey data from 16 major states in the country, the findings of the study provide key insights into MGNREGA and assess the implications for other welfare-oriented programmes. Rich in empirical data, this volume will be useful to scholars and researchers of political economy, economics, agriculture, rural development and sociology, as well as policymakers and nongovernmental organisations.

Indian Federalism

Louise Tillin
Indian Federalism Book PDF

Author : Louise Tillin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199097876

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Indian Federalism by Louise Tillin Pdf

To understand how politics, the economy, and public policy function in the world’s largest democracy, an appreciation of federalism is essential. Bringing to surface the complex dimensions that affect relations between India’s central government and states, this short introduction is the one-stop account to federalism in India. Paying attention to the constitutional, political, and economic factors that shape Centre–state relations, this book stimulates understanding of some of the big dilemmas facing India today. The ability of India’s central government to set the economic agenda or secure implementation of national policies throughout the country depends on the institutions and practices of federalism. Similarly, the ability of India’s states to contribute to national policy making or to define their own policy agendas that speak to local priorities all hinge on questions of federalism. Organised in four chapters, this book introduces readers to one of the key living features of Indian democracy.