The Price Of Precaution And The Ethics Of Risk

Author : Christian Munthe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-05-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400713307

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The Price of Precaution and the Ethics of Risk by Christian Munthe Pdf

Christian Munthe undertakes an innovative, in-depth philosophical analysis of what the idea of a precautionary principle is and should be about. A novel theory of the ethics of imposing risks is developed and used as a foundation for defending the idea of precaution in environmental and technological policy making against its critics, while at the same time avoiding a number of identified flaws. The theory is shown to have far-reaching practical conclusions for areas such as bio-, information- and nuclear technology, and global environmental policy in areas such as climate change. The author argues that, while the price we pay for precaution must not be too high, we have to be prepared to pay it in order to act ethically defensible. A number of practical suggestions for precautionary regulation and policy making are made on the basis of this, and some challenges to basic ethical theory as well as consumerist societies, the global political order and liberal democracy are identified. Munthe’s book is a well-argued contribution to the PP debate, putting neglected justificatory and methodological questions at the forefront. His many discussions of alternative accounts as well as his drawing out the consequences of his own suggestion in practical cases give the reader a thorough, holistic sense of what justification of PP amounts to. /..../ Munthe’s main case, his argumentation for the requirement of precaution as a moral norm, is convincing and puts a strong pressure on too narrow alternative suggestions on how it should be perceived and justified, and he launches a plausible defence of its practical usability.

Author : Levente Szentkirályi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429534522

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The Ethics of Precaution by Levente Szentkirályi Pdf

There are thousands of substances manufactured in the United States to which the public is routinely exposed and for which toxicity data are limited or absent. Some insist that uncertainty about the severity of potential harm justifies implementing precautionary regulations, while others claim that uncertainty justifies the absence of regulations until sufficient evidence confirms a strong probability of severe harm. In this book, Levente Szentkirályi overcomes this impasse in his defense of precautionary environmental risk regulation by shifting the focus from how to manage uncertainty to what it is we owe each other morally. He argues that actions that create uncertain threats wrongfully gamble with the welfare of those who are exposed and neglect the reciprocity that our equal moral standing demands. If we take the moral equality and rights of others seriously, we have a duty to exercise due care to strive to prevent putting them in possible harm’s way. The Ethics of Precaution will be of great interest to researchers, educators, advanced students, and practitioners working in the fields of environmental political theory, ethics of risk, and environmental policy.

Author : Levente Szentkirályi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429521058

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The Ethics of Precaution by Levente Szentkirályi Pdf

There are thousands of substances manufactured in the United States to which the public is routinely exposed and for which toxicity data are limited or absent. Some insist that uncertainty about the severity of potential harm justifies implementing precautionary regulations, while others claim that uncertainty justifies the absence of regulations until sufficient evidence confirms a strong probability of severe harm. In this book, Levente Szentkirályi overcomes this impasse in his defense of precautionary environmental risk regulation by shifting the focus from how to manage uncertainty to what it is we owe each other morally. He argues that actions that create uncertain threats wrongfully gamble with the welfare of those who are exposed and neglect the reciprocity that our equal moral standing demands. If we take the moral equality and rights of others seriously, we have a duty to exercise due care to strive to prevent putting them in possible harm’s way. The Ethics of Precaution will be of great interest to researchers, educators, advanced students, and practitioners working in the fields of environmental political theory, ethics of risk, and environmental policy.

Author : Jonathan Baert Wiener
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 602 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781933115863

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The Reality of Precaution by Jonathan Baert Wiener Pdf

First Published in 2010. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Sabine Roeser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1209 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Decision making
ISBN : 9789400714328

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Handbook of Risk Theory by Sabine Roeser Pdf

Risk has become one of the main topics in fields as diverse as engineering, medicine and economics, and it is also studied by social scientists, psychologists and legal scholars. But the topic of risk also leads to more fundamental questions such as: What is risk? What can decision theory contribute to the analysis of risk? What does the human perception of risk mean for society? How should we judge whether a risk is morally acceptable or not? Over the last couple of decades questions like these have attracted interest from philosophers and other scholars into risk theory. This handbook provides for an overview into key topics in a major new field of research. It addresses a wide range of topics, ranging from decision theory, risk perception to ethics and social implications of risk, and it also addresses specific case studies. It aims to promote communication and information among all those who are interested in theoetical issues concerning risk and uncertainty. This handbook brings together internationally leading philosophers and scholars from other disciplines who work on risk theory. The contributions are accessibly written and highly relevant to issues that are studied by risk scholars. We hope that the Handbook of Risk Theory will be a helpful starting point for all risk scholars who are interested in broadening and deepening their current perspectives.

Author : Lina Svedin
Publisher : IAP
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781681230955

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Ethics and Risk Management by Lina Svedin Pdf

The underlying rationale for this book is to present research that a) highlights the explosively political and deeply divisive issues involved in managing risk and b) address the empirical deficit and theoretical challenges related to managing societal risk ethically. Extant risk management research borrows heavily from engineering, systems theory and business management, and is primarily focused on probabilities, modeling, and abstractions of the value of mitigative action. This research engenders a false sense of objectivity and it de-politicizes fundamental political and democratic questions about the allocation of society’s scarce resources and about the balance of responsibilities between governing institutions and individuals with regard to risk. The quantitative and hard-science focus on risk also keeps a discussion of the consequences of the distribution of risk, resources and responsibilities for real people out of the lime light. The contributors to this book are experts in a wide range of academic fields and in this book they take on the challenge of examining their core research with a specific ethics perspective. They explore the ethics of risk management using theory, cases and data from a range of policy areas, countries and philosophical traditions. This book should be of interest to scholars and practitioners working in fields that deal either implicitly or explicitly with risk. This would include, but is not limited to, scholars and students of public management, public sector ethics, public policy, risk regulation, and risk management. The book deals directly with core problems of management in the public sector, value-conflicts, multiple principals and stakeholders, as well as information analysis and the application of sound and valid decision-making processes. The book can be adopted as a core text for graduate courses in public management, public policy, public administration ethics, and comparative politics. It would also work well as an applied theory text in comparative politics; ethics centered courses in political science, as well as more narrowly focused courses on risk, crisis and disaster management. For the practitioner audience, this book pin-points the ethical stakes, the analytical and managerial challenges, and the necessary tools to meet the many risks that societies face. This book, Ethics and Risk Management, provides a unique take on the realities of cost-benefit analysis, efforts to control and regulate risk and risky behavior, as well as the decidedly bounded rationality with which we, as decision-makers and citizens, perceive and take risks. The work of identifying, understanding, prioritizing and designing effective tools to mitigate and manage risk is an inherently analytical and strategic process best suited to take place before and between crises. Successful risk analysis and management reduces the general occurrence of crises, while the ethical analysis and management of risk serves to reduce the likelihood of subsequent socio-political turmoil should a crisis occur. Thus, the investment that any practitioner makes in risk management has the potential to yield both social and political benefits if the analysis and work is done with an eye toward ethics and stakeholder analysis.

Author : Euzebiusz Jamrozik,Michael Selgelid
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030278748

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Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health by Euzebiusz Jamrozik,Michael Selgelid Pdf

This Open Access volume provides in-depth analysis of the wide range of ethical issues associated with drug-resistant infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely recognized to be one of the greatest threats to global public health in coming decades; and it has thus become a major topic of discussion among leading bioethicists and scholars from related disciplines including economics, epidemiology, law, and political theory. Topics covered in this volume include responsible use of antimicrobials; control of multi-resistant hospital-acquired infections; privacy and data collection; antibiotic use in childhood and at the end of life; agricultural and veterinary sources of resistance; resistant HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; mandatory treatment; and trade-offs between current and future generations. As the first book focused on ethical issues associated with drug resistance, it makes a timely contribution to debates regarding practice and policy that are of crucial importance to global public health in the 21st century.

Author : Lauren Hartzell-Nichols
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781315309323

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A Climate of Risk by Lauren Hartzell-Nichols Pdf

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- Acknowledgements -- Credits -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1. How Climate Change is Harmful -- 1 Climate Change Risks, Reasons for Concern, and the Complexity of Harmfulness -- 2 Risk, Uncertainty, and the Complexity of Climate Change's Harmful Effects -- 3 Harmfulness Across Generations -- 4 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 2. Making Sense of Precaution -- 1 The Myth of "the" Precautionary Principle -- 2 Against the Possibility of Unifying the Precautionary Principle -- 3 A Way Forward - Rethinking Precaution and Precautionary Principles -- 4 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 3. A Precautionary Approach to Threats of Catastrophes -- 1 The Catastrophic Precautionary Principle -- 2 The Catastrophic Precautionary Decision-Making Framework -- 3 The Distinctiveness of My View -- 4 The Threat of Climate Catastrophe -- 5 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 4. Precaution and the Economics of Climate Change -- 1 Uncertainty's Uncertain Effect on Economic Assessments of Climate Change -- 2 Uncertainty and the Economics of Climate Change in Practice -- 3 Uncertainty as an Argument Against Discounting in Climate Economics -- 4 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 5. Responding to the Threat of Climate Catastrophe -- 1 Precautionary Climate Policy -- 2 A Precautionary Approach to Mitigation - Against the 1.5/2°C Target -- 3 A Precautionary Approach to Adaptation -- 4 Geoengineering as Precaution? -- 5 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Appendix -- Index

Author : David B. Resnik
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030707910

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Precautionary Reasoning in Environmental and Public Health Policy by David B. Resnik Pdf

This book fills a gap in the literature on the Precautionary Principle by placing the principle within the wider context of precautionary reasoning and uses philosophical arguments and case studies to demonstrate when it does—and does not—apply. The book invites the reader to take a step back from the controversy surrounding the Precautionary Principle and consider the overarching rationales for responding to threats to the environment or public health. It provides practical guidance and probing insight for the intended audience, including scholars, students, journalists, and policymakers.

Author : Tsuyoshi Matsuda,Jonathan Wolff,Takashi Yanagawa
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789811586897

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Risks and Regulation of New Technologies by Tsuyoshi Matsuda,Jonathan Wolff,Takashi Yanagawa Pdf

How should we proceed with advanced research of humanities and social sciences in collaboration? What are the pressing issues of this new trend in a cataclysmic time for civilization? This book, originated with a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Topic-Setting Program, addresses these challenging questions in four parts for innovating twenty-first-century humanities and social sciences. It broadens the horizon for reviewing multi-disciplinary landscapes of risks and regulation of new technologies by focusing on paradigmatic cases from the fields of life and environment. Here, genome editing for reproductive treatment and renewable energy under the constraint of climate change in Japanese and global contexts are involved. The volume comprises a combination of topics and aspects such as public policy and philosophy of science, medicine and law, climate ethics, and the economics of electricity. This edited collection will thus motivate forward-thinking readers across the diverse spectrum of social sciences and humanities to survey themes of their own interests in multi-disciplinary studies. In so doing, they can explore the evolving frontiers of those disciplines and the depths of individual contributions by experts in philosophy, ethics, law, economics, and science, technology, and society (STS), including bioscience.

Author : Steven S. Coughlin,Angus Dawson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780197587058

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Ethics and Epidemiology by Steven S. Coughlin,Angus Dawson Pdf

"This chapter considers the history of the rise of ethical concerns in the public health movement and epidemiology, which is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease in human populations. Epidemiology is a basic science in public health. This chapter provides an overview of early developments in public health and ethics. More recent developments are also discussed, including the origins of bioethics, regulatory safeguards for human subjects research, public health ethics, and contemporary epidemiologic ethics"--

Author : Martin Peterson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190652289

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The Ethics of Technology by Martin Peterson Pdf

Autonomous cars, drones, and electronic surveillance systems are examples of technologies that raise serious ethical issues. In this analytic investigation, Martin Peterson articulates and defends five moral principles for addressing ethical issues related to new and existing technologies: the cost-benefit principle, the precautionary principle, the sustainability principle, the autonomy principle, and the fairness principle. It is primarily the method developed by Peterson for articulating and analyzing the five principles that is novel. He argues that geometric concepts such as points, lines, and planes can be put to work for clarifying the structure and scope of these and other moral principles. This geometric account is based on the Aristotelian dictum that like cases should be treated alike, meaning that the degree of similarity between different cases can be represented as a distance in moral space. The more similar a pair of cases are from a moral point of view, the closer is their location in moral space. A case that lies closer in moral space to a paradigm case for some principle p than to any paradigm for any other principle should be analyzed by applying principle p. The book also presents empirical results from a series of experimental studies in which experts (philosophers) and laypeople (engineering students) have been asked to apply the geometric method to fifteen real-world cases. The empirical findings indicate that experts and laypeople do in fact apply geometrically construed moral principles in roughly, but not exactly, the manner advocates of the geometric method believe they ought to be applied.

Author : Tanja Rechnitzer
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783031043338

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Applying Reflective Equilibrium by Tanja Rechnitzer Pdf

This open access book provides the first explicit case study for an application of the method of reflective equilibrium (RE), using it to develop and defend a precautionary principle. It thereby makes an important and original contribution to questions of philosophical method and methodology. The book shows step-by-step how RE is applied, and develops a methodological framework which will be useful for everyone who wishes to use reflective equilibrium. With respect to precautionary principles, the book demonstrates how a rights-based precautionary principle can be constructed and defended. The case study succeeds in demonstrating that RE can be successfully applied and puts real constraints on the justification process. This is all the more remarkable as the case study was designed as an open-ended process, without presupposing any specific results. This book will be highly relevant both to people interested in philosophical methodology and epistemology, as well as to researchers who are interested in using philosophical methods and tools and applying them to practical problems.

Author : Manfred Holler
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783892651062

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Homo Oeconomicus 30 (1) by Manfred Holler Pdf

Author : Isabelle Peschard,Yann Benétreau-Dupin,Christopher Wessels
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0429023529

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Philosophy and Science of Risk by Isabelle Peschard,Yann Benétreau-Dupin,Christopher Wessels Pdf

What is risk? How do we assess risk? What are the ethical implications of risk? The concept of risk is important - sometimes even crucial - for many philosophical domains, from philosophy of science and technology to ethics and sustainability. Philosophy and Science of Risk is a clear, wide-ranging introduction to this urgent and fast-growing subject. It covers the following key topics: the philosophical and historical background to understanding and interpreting risk the meaning of risk and how it differs from closely related concepts, such as uncertainty or dangers the social construction of risk risk perception and risk as an object of scientific study the measurement of risk, its probability and severity risk and scientific modelling risk, value judgments and expertise risk management, including cost-benefit analysis and the precautionary approach risk communication, including deliberative models ethics of risk, including duties towards non-human animals and future generations risk and sustainability decision-making under risk. Including helpful additional features such as text boxes, chapter summaries, review and discussion questions, Philosophy and Science of Risk: An Introduction is an ideal textbook for students of the philosophy of risk. It is also suitable for students studying the conceptual questions surrounding risk in related subjects, such as sociology, psychology, economics, politics, geography, sustainability and environmental studies.