The Proof Of The External World

Author : Bruce Aune
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-07-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134946235

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Knowledge of the External World by Bruce Aune Pdf

Many philosophers believe that the traditional problem of our knowledge of the external world was dissolved by Wittgestein and others. They argue that it was not really a problem - just a linguistic `confusion' that did not actually require a solution. Bruce Aune argues that they are wrong. He casts doubt on the generally accepted reasons for putting the problem aside and proposes an entirely new approach. By considering the history of the problem from Descartes to Kant, Aune shows that analogous arguments create difficulties for the contemporary philosophical consensus. He makes it clear that the problem remains acute, particualarly for our understanding of scientific evidence. The solution he proposes draws upon contemporary philosophy of science and probability theory.

Author : Steven M Duncan
Publisher : James Clarke & Company
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2008-11-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780227903384

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The Proof of the External World by Steven M Duncan Pdf

Descartes' attempt to ground the possibility of human knowledge in the existence of God was judged to be a complete failure by his contemporaries. This remains the universal opinion of philosophers to this day, despite the fact that three and a halfcenturies of secular epistemology which attempts to ground the possibility of knowledge either in the unaided human intellect or in natural processes has failed to do any better. Further, the leading twentieth century attempts at theistic epistemology reject both the conception of knowledge and the standards of epistemic evaluation that Descartes takes for granted. In this book - partly an interpretation of Descartes and partly an attempt to complete his project the author endeavours to show that a theistic epistemology incorporating Platonic and Aristotelian/Thomist elements can revitalize the Cartesian approach to the solution of the central problems of epistemology, including that most elusive of prizes the proof of the external world. This book is essential reading for students of epistemology, metaphysics and philosophy.

Author : P. J. E. Kail
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2010-04-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191614590

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Projection and Realism in Hume's Philosophy by P. J. E. Kail Pdf

In his writings, Hume talks of our 'gilding and staining' natural objects, and of the mind's propensity to 'spread itself' on the world. This has led commentators to use the metaphor of 'projection' in connection with his philosophy: Hume is held to have taught that causal power and self are projections, that God is a projection of our fear, and that value is a projection of sentiment. By considering what it is about Hume's writing that occasions this metaphor, P. J. E. Kail spells out its meaning, the role it plays in Hume's work, and examines how, if at all, what sounds 'projective' in Hume can be reconciled with what sounds 'realist'. In addition to offering some highly original readings of Hume's central ideas, Projection and Realism in Hume's Philosophy offers a detailed examination of the notion of projection and the problems it faces.

Author : George Edward Moore
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1939
Category : Realism
ISBN : UOM:39015049421541

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Proof of an External World by George Edward Moore Pdf

Author : Annalisa Coliva
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-09-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199278053

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Mind, Meaning, and Knowledge by Annalisa Coliva Pdf

This volume is a collective exploration of major themes in the work of Crispin Wright, one of today's leading philosophers. The distinguished contributors address a variety of issues, including truth, realism, anti-realism, relativism, and scepticism, and testify to Wright's seminal work on language, mind, metaphysics, and epistemology.

Author : Michael Lacewing
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351696135

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Philosophy for AS and A Level by Michael Lacewing Pdf

Philosophy for AS and A Level is an accessible textbook for the new 2017 AQA Philosophy syllabus. Structured closely around the AQA specification this textbook covers the two units shared by the AS and A Level, Epistemology and Moral Philosophy, in an engaging and student-friendly way. With chapters on 'How to do philosophy', exam preparation providing students with the philosophical skills they need to succeed, and an extensive glossary to support understanding, this book is ideal for students studying philosophy. Each chapter includes: argument maps that help to develop student’s analytical and critical skills comprehension questions to test understanding discussion questions to generate evaluative argument explanation and commentary on the AQA set texts ‘Thinking harder’ sections cross-references to help students make connections bullet-point summaries of each topic. The companion website hosts a wealth of further resources, including PowerPoint slides, flashcards, further reading, weblinks and handouts, all structured to accompany the textbook. It can be found at www.routledge.com/cw/alevelphilosophy.

Author : G.E. Moore
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134681730

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G.E. Moore by G.E. Moore Pdf

G.E. Moore, more than either Bertrand Russell or Ludwig Wittgenstein, was chiefly responsible for the rise of the analytic method in twentieth-century philosophy. This selection of his writings shows Moore at his very best. The classic essays are crucial to major philosophical debates that still resonate today. Amongst those included are: * A Defense of Common Sense * Certainty * Sense-Data * External and Internal Relations * Hume's Theory Explained * Is Existence a Predicate? * Proof of an External World In addition, this collection also contains the key early papers in which Moore signals his break with idealism, and three important previously unpublished papers from his later work which illustrate his relationship with Wittgenstein.

Author : Moore, George Edward
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317832256

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Philosophical Papers by Moore, George Edward Pdf

First published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : Dylan Dodd,Elia Zardini
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199658343

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Scepticism and Perceptual Justification by Dylan Dodd,Elia Zardini Pdf

New essays on scepticism about the senses explore the problem of whether and how experience can provide knowledge or justification for belief about the objective world outside the experiencer's mind.

Author : A. Coliva
Publisher : Springer
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780230289697

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Moore and Wittgenstein by A. Coliva Pdf

Does scepticism threaten our common sense picture of the world? Does it really undermine our deep-rooted certainties? Answers to these questions are offered through a comparative study of the epistemological work of two key figures in the history of analytic philosophy, G. E. Moore and Ludwig Wittgenstein.

Author : Bertrand Russell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1915
Category : Analysis (Philosophy)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105024397643

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Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy by Bertrand Russell Pdf

Author : David Hume
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780486113050

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An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding by David Hume Pdf

One of philosophy's most widely read books and the best introduction to Hume's other works, this 1748 treatise offers an accessible account of the author's provocative notions about the limitations of the mind. Topics include the logical coexistence of free will and determinism and the deficiencies of religious doctrine.

Author : Jim Holt
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780871403278

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Why Does the World Exist?: An Existential Detective Story by Jim Holt Pdf

The Washington Post Notable Non-Fiction of 2013 “I can imagine few more enjoyable ways of thinking than to read this book.”—Sarah Bakewell, New York Times Book Review, front-page review Tackling the “darkest question in all of philosophy” with “raffish erudition” (Dwight Garner, New York Times), author Jim Holt explores the greatest metaphysical mystery of all: why is there something rather than nothing? This runaway bestseller, which has captured the imagination of critics and the public alike, traces our latest efforts to grasp the origins of the universe. Holt adopts the role of cosmological detective, traveling the globe to interview a host of celebrated scientists, philosophers, and writers, “testing the contentions of one against the theories of the other” (Jeremy Bernstein, Wall Street Journal). As he interrogates his list of ontological culprits, the brilliant yet slyly humorous Holt contends that we might have been too narrow in limiting our suspects to God versus the Big Bang. This “deft and consuming” (David Ulin, Los Angeles Times) narrative humanizes the profound questions of meaning and existence it confronts.

Author : Bertrand Russell
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192854230

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The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell Pdf

This classic work, first published in 1912, has never been supplanted as an approachable introduction to the theory of philosophical enquiry. It gives Russell's views on such subjects as the distinction between appearance and reality, the existence and nature of matter, idealism, knowledge by acquaintance and by description, induction, truth and falsehood, the distinction between knowledge, error and probable opinion, and the limits and value of philosophical knowledge.

Author : Thomas Nagel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2001-11-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199882113

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The Last Word by Thomas Nagel Pdf

If there is such a thing as reason, it has to be universal. Reason must reflect objective principles whose validity is independent of our point of view--principles that anyone with enough intelligence ought to be able to recognize as correct. But this generality of reason is what relativists and subjectivists deny in ever-increasing numbers. And such subjectivism is not just an inconsequential intellectual flourish or badge of theoretical chic. It is exploited to deflect argument and to belittle the pretensions of the arguments of others. The continuing spread of this relativistic way of thinking threatens to make public discourse increasingly difficult and to exacerbate the deep divisions of our society. In The Last Word, Thomas Nagel, one of the most influential philosophers writing in English, presents a sustained defense of reason against the attacks of subjectivism, delivering systematic rebuttals of relativistic claims with respect to language, logic, science, and ethics. He shows that the last word in disputes about the objective validity of any form of thought must lie in some unqualified thoughts about how things are--thoughts that we cannot regard from outside as mere psychological dispositions.