The Quantum Vacuum

Author : Luciano Boi
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781421402475

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The Quantum Vacuum by Luciano Boi Pdf

A vacuum, classically understood, contains nothing. The quantum vacuum, on the other hand, is a seething cauldron of nothingness: particle pairs going in and out of existence continuously and rapidly while exerting influence over an enormous range of scales. Acclaimed mathematical physicist and natural philosopher Luciano Boi expounds the quantum vacuum, exploring the meaning of nothingness and its relationship with physical reality. Boi first provides a deep analysis of the interaction between geometry and physics at the quantum level. He next describes the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the world. In so doing, Boi sheds light on the very nature of the universe, stressing in an original and profound way the relationship between quantum geometry and the internal symmetries underlying the behavior of matter and the interactions of forces. Beyond the physics and mathematics of the quantum vacuum, Boi offers a profoundly philosophical interpretation of the concept. Plato and Aristotle did not believe a vacuum was possible. How could nothing be something, they asked? Boi traces the evolution of the quantum vacuum from an abstract concept in ancient Greece to its fundamental role in quantum field theory and string theory in modern times. The quantum vacuum is a complex entity, one essential to understanding some of the most intriguing issues in twentieth-century physics, including cosmic singularity, dark matter and energy, and the existence of the Higgs boson particle. Boi explains with simple clarity the relevant theories and fundamental concepts of the quantum vacuum. Theoretical, mathematical, and particle physicists, as well as researchers and students of the history and philosophy of physics, will find The Quantum Vacuum to be a stimulating and engaging primer on the topic.

Author : Peter W. Milonni
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080571492

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The Quantum Vacuum by Peter W. Milonni Pdf

In modern physics, the classical vacuum of tranquil nothingness has been replaced by a quantum vacuum with fluctuations of measurable consequence. In The Quantum Vacuum, Peter Milonni describes the concept of the vacuum in quantum physics with an emphasis on quantum electrodynamics. He elucidates in depth and detail the role of the vacuum electromagnetic field in spontaneous emission, the Lamb shift, van der Waals, and Casimir forces, and a variety of other phenomena, some of which are of technological as well as purely scientific importance. This informative text also provides an introduction based on fundamental vacuum processes to the ideas of relativistic quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory, including renormalization and Feynman diagrams. Experimental as well as theoreticalaspects of the quantum vacuum are described, and in most cases details of mathematical derivations are included. Chapter 1 of The Quantum Vacuum - published in advance in The American Journal of Physics (1991)-was later selected by readers as one of the Most Memorable papers ever published in the 60-year history of the journal. This chapter provides anexcellent beginning of the book, introducing a wealth of information of historical interest, the results of which are carefully woven into subsequent chapters to form a coherent whole. Does not assume that the reader has taken advanced graduate courses, making the text accessible to beginning graduate students Emphasizes the basic physical ideas rather than the formal, mathematical aspects of the subject Provides a careful and thorough treatment of Casimir and van der Waals forces at a level of detail not found in any other book on this topic Clearly presents mathematical derivations

Author : William M R Simpson,Ulf Leonhardt
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814644778

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Forces of the Quantum Vacuum by William M R Simpson,Ulf Leonhardt Pdf

Forces of the Quantum Vacuum presents a number of theoretical approaches to Casimir, van der Waals and Casimir–Polder forces that have been fruitfully employed in mainstream research, and also reviews the experimental evidence for Casimir forces. Beginning with basic ideas in quantum mechanics and building its way to a sophisticated form of macroscopic QED, the book provides an inspiring training manual for graduate students to develop in a natural progression the ideas needed for modern theoretical research on Casimir forces.

Author : P.W. Milonni
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2004-11-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420034332

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Fast Light, Slow Light and Left-Handed Light by P.W. Milonni Pdf

The propagation of light in dispersive media is a subject of fundamental as well as practical importance. In recent years attention has focused in particular on how refractive index can vary with frequency in such a way that the group velocities of optical pulses can be much greater or much smaller than the speed of light in vacuum, or in which the refractive index can be negative. Treating these topics at an introductory to intermediate level, Fast Light, Slow Light and Left-Handed Light focuses on the basic theory and describes the significant experimental progress made during the past decade. The book pays considerable attention to the fact that superluminal group velocities are not in conflict with special relativity and to the role of quantum effects in preventing superluminal communication and violations of Einstein causality. It also explores some of the basic physics at the opposite extreme of very slow group velocities as well as stopped and regenerated light, including the concepts of electromagnetically induced transparency and dark-state polaritons. Another very active aspect of the subject discussed concerns the possibility of designing metamaterials in which the refractive index can be negative and propagating light is left-handed in the sense that the phase and group velocities are in opposite directions. The last two chapters are an introduction to some of the basic theory and consequences of negative refractive index, with emphasis on the seminal work carried out since 2000. The possibility that "perfect" lenses can be made from negative-index metamaterials-which has been perhaps the most controversial aspect of the field-is introduced and discussed in some detail.

Author : Peter W. Milonni
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 543 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199215614

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An Introduction to Quantum Optics and Quantum Fluctuations by Peter W. Milonni Pdf

This is an introduction to the quantum theory of light and its broad implications and applications. A significant part of the book covers material with direct relevance to current basic and applied research, such as quantum fluctuations and their role in laser physics and the theory of forces between macroscopic bodies (Casimir effects). The book includes numerous historical sidelights throughout, and approximately seventy exercises. The book provides detailed expositions of the theory with emphasis on general physical principles. Foundational topics in classical and quantum electrodynamics are addressed in the first half of the book, including the semiclassical theory of atom-field interactions, the quantization of the electromagnetic field in dispersive and dissipative media, uncertainty relations, and spontaneous emission. The second half begins with a chapter on the Jaynes-Cummings model, dressed states, and some distinctly quantum-mechanical features of atom-field interactions, and includes discussion of entanglement, the no-cloning theorem, von Neumann's proof concerning hidden variable theories, Bell's theorem, and tests of Bell inequalities. The last two chapters focus on quantum fluctuations and fluctuation-dissipation relations, beginning with Brownian motion, the Fokker-Planck equation, and classical and quantum Langevin equations. Detailed calculations are presented for the laser linewidth, spontaneous emission noise, photon statistics of linear amplifiers and attenuators, and other phenomena. Van der Waals interactions, Casimir forces, the Lifshitz theory of molecular forces between macroscopic media, and the many-body theory of such forces based on dyadic Green functions are analyzed from the perspective of Langevin noise, vacuum field fluctuations, and zero-point energy.

Author : Walter Dittrich,Holger Gies
Publisher : Springer
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2003-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540455851

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Probing the Quantum Vacuum by Walter Dittrich,Holger Gies Pdf

This book is devoted to an investigation of the vacuum of quantum elec trodynamics (QED), relying on the perturbative effective action approach. If the vacuum is probed with external perturbations, the response of the system can be analyzed after averaging over the high energy degrees of freedom. This results in an effective description of the properties of the vacuum, which are comparable to the properties of a classical medium. We concentrate primarily on the physics of slowly varying fields or soft photons by integrating out the high energy degrees of freedom, i.e. the elec trons, employing Schwinger's proper time method. We derive a new represen tation of the one loop photon polarization tensor, coupling to all orders to an arbitrary constant electromagnetic field, fully maintaining the dependence on the complete set of invariants. On the basis of effective Lagrangians, we derive the light cone condition for low frequency photons propagating in strong fields. Our formalism can be extended to various external perturbations, such as temperature and Casimir situations. We give a proof of the "unified formula" for low energy phenom ena that describes the refractive indices of various perturbed quantum vacua. In the high energy domain, we observe similarities between a vacuum with a superstrong magnetic field and a magnetized plasma. The question of mea surability of the various effects is addressed; a violation of causality is not found.

Author : Liudmila Borisovna Boldyreva
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781527568167

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A Theory of Spin Vortices in a Physical Vacuum Consisting of Quantum Oscillators by Liudmila Borisovna Boldyreva Pdf

This book will be of interest not only to physics scholars who are studying the theoretical aspects of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, superconductivity and superfluidity, but also to the more general reader. It explores the action of biologically active substances and low-intensity physical factors in ultra-low doses on biological systems, particularly the action of medicinal remedies in ultra-low doses (homeopathy), influence of the color and form of ambient bodies, and the so-called Twin Correlation.

Author : Diego Dalvit,Peter Milonni,David Roberts,Felipe da Rosa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642202872

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Casimir Physics by Diego Dalvit,Peter Milonni,David Roberts,Felipe da Rosa Pdf

Casimir effects serve as primary examples of directly observable manifestations of the nontrivial properties of quantum fields, and as such are attracting increasing interest from quantum field theorists, particle physicists, and cosmologists. Furthermore, though very weak except at short distances, Casimir forces are universal in the sense that all material objects are subject to them. They are thus also an increasingly important part of the physics of atom-surface interactions, while in nanotechnology they are being investigated not only as contributors to ‘stiction’ but also as potential mechanisms for actuating micro-electromechanical devices. While the field of Casimir physics is expanding rapidly, it has reached a level of maturity in some important respects: on the experimental side, where most sources of imprecision in force measurements have been identified as well as on the theoretical side, where, for example, semi-analytical and numerical methods for the computation of Casimir forces between bodies of arbitrary shape have been successfully developed. This book is, then, a timely and comprehensive guide to the essence of Casimir (and Casimir-Polder) physics that will have lasting value, serving the dual purpose of an introduction and reference to the field. While this volume is not intended to be a unified textbook, but rather a collection of largely independent chapters written by prominent experts in the field, the detailed and carefully written articles adopt a style that should appeal to non-specialist researchers in the field as well as to a broader audience of graduate students.

Author : Walter Dittrich,Holger Gies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3662147076

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Probing the Quantum Vacuum by Walter Dittrich,Holger Gies Pdf

Author : Ralph Abraham,Sisir Roy
Publisher : Epigraph Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010-08
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 0982644159

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Demystifying the Akasha by Ralph Abraham,Sisir Roy Pdf

Book Description Demystifying the Akasha: Consciousness and the Quantum Vacuum Duality, including the spiritual/material and mind/body dichotomies, has been the basis of the Western paradigm for four hundred years, and has been blamed for major world problems. Meanwhile, in the East, nonduality has prevailed. While science is generally seen in opposition to nonduality, this book sets out to prove the compatibility of the scientifi c outlook and the spiritual nonduality of India by constructing a mathematical model of cosmic consciousness. The ideas and their history are presented non technically in Part One, while the full mathematical details are presented in Part Two. Ralph Abraham is Professor of Mathematics at the University of California at Santa Cruz, one of the pioneers of chaos theory. He is the author or coauthor of several math texts, including Foundations of Mechanics, Dynamics the Geometry of Behavior, and Chaos in Discrete Dynamical Systems. He has also written books on the history of math, philosophy, and the arts, such as Chaos, Creativity, and Cosmic Consciousness and The Evolutionary Mind. Sisir Roy is Professor of Theoretical Physics, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata. His field of interest covers foundations of quantum mechanics, cosmology, functional geometry and brain function. He has published more than 100 papers in peer reviewed international journals and nine research and edited monographs by Kluwer Academic, World Scientific etc. publishers. Praise for Demystifying the Akasha: Consciousness and the Quantum Vacuum "A key contribution to bringing the concept of the Akasha into the ambit of contemporary science, and relating it to our understanding of consciousness. A book for all serious students of cosmos and consciousness." --Dr. Ervin Laszlo, Author of Science and the Akashic Field

Author : Vitaliĭ Lazarevich Ginzburg
Publisher : Nova Biomedical Books
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015034872211

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Quantum Electrodynamics with Unstable Vacuum by Vitaliĭ Lazarevich Ginzburg Pdf

Problems of quantum field theory with unstable vacuum are considered. In the case of quantum electrodynamics, the vacuum unstability is connected with the possibility of pair creating by external electromagnetic fields already in zeroth order with respect to the radiation interaction. The perturbation theory is constructed, for which the interaction with the external field is kept exact. Exact Green functions are introduced and the functional formulation is discussed. Perturbation theory for calculating the mean values of the Heisenberg operators and the total probabilities of radiating processes is built in the case under consideration. All results referring to the relations of the optical theorem for the external fields with unstable vacuum are presented. All these particularities are demonstrated for concrete external fields. Problems of the quantum electrodynamics at finite temperature are considered.

Author : Johann Rafelski,Berndt Müller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030614924

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The Structured Vacuum by Johann Rafelski,Berndt Müller Pdf

Author : Constantin Meis
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813220119

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Light And Vacuum: The Wave-particle Nature Of The Light And The Quantum Vacuum. Electromagnetic Theory And Quantum Electrodynamics Beyond The Standard Model (Second Edition) by Constantin Meis Pdf

Light and Vacuum presents a synthesis of selected fundamental topics of electromagnetic wave theory and quantum electrodynamics (QED) and analyzes the main theoretical difficulties encountered to ensure a coherent mathematical description of the simultaneous wave–particle nature of light, put in evidence by the experiments. The notion and the role of the quantum vacuum, strongly related to light, are extensively investigated. Classical electrodynamics issued from Maxwell's equations revealed the necessity of introducing the notion of volume for an electromagnetic wave to stand entailing precise values of cut-off wavelengths to account for the shape and dimensions of the surrounding space. Conversely, in QED, light is considered to be composed of point particles disregarding the conceptual question on how the frequency of oscillating electric and magnetic fields may be attributed to a point particle. To conciliate these concepts, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the author's work, including innovative contributions on the quantization of the vector potential amplitude at a single photon state, the non-local simultaneous wave–particle mathematical representation of the photon and finally the quantum vacuum. The purpose of the advanced elaborations is to raise questions, give hints and answers, and finally aspire for further theoretical and experimental studies in order to improve our knowledge and understanding on the real essence of Light and Vacuum. In this new edition, the bibliography has been widely enriched. Improvements have been made to the various chapters, taking into account the actual status of the knowledge in this field.

Author : Claus Wilhelm Turtur
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2009-12
Category : Energy transfer
ISBN : 9783941482609

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Conversion of the Zero-point Energy of the Quantum Vacuum Into Classical Mechanical Energy by Claus Wilhelm Turtur Pdf

A perpetual motion machine - this can never exist. But energy sources nearly disregarded up to now - they exist. These are energy sources, which have been hardly under investigation, so that mankind did not yet learn how to get benefit from them. Most part of the universe consists of such energy, which is still called "invisible". A part of this energy is to be found within the so called zero-point oscillations of the quantum vacuum, thus within the empty void from the perspective of quantum physics. The author of the book is physicist. He theoretically developed and then experimentally verified a method for the conversion of vacuum energy into classical mechanical energy. His technique is one of the very few approaches know up to now. The approaches to convert vacuum energy are described in this book in many scientific details, and they are compared with other known proposals for the use of vacuum energy.

Author : Danah Zohar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Asia
ISBN : 9789811678493

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Zero Distance by Danah Zohar Pdf

"When Danah Zohar first published the early ideas of her Quantum Management Theory in the late 1990's, she articulated a new paradigm, inspired by quantum physics, and began a major contribution to our search for a new management theory that can replace outdated Taylorism. Now, in ZERO DISTANCE, the most comprehensive account of her project, she outlines how the theory has been implemented through the revolutionary RenDanHeyi business model of China's Haier Group, and subsequently several other large companies. Zohar's suggestion that the Haier model also offers a new social and political model is thought provoking. This book is a significant addition to our continuing conversation about the best way to manage companies and other human social systems. I recommend it highly." - Gary Hamel, London Business School, Author of Humanocracy This open access book offers a new management meta-theory to replace Taylorism. It presents a new paradigm in management thinking and a new, practical organizational model for implementing it in our personal and working lives, in our companies, in our communities and nations, and in a sustainable global order. It will offer an understanding of why and how "thinking-as-usual" is failing both business and political leaders in these new times, and it will advocate new thinking and new management practices that are so radically new that they turn everything we have taken for granted inside out and upside down. This new management model is called "Quantum Management Theory", because it is rooted in the new paradigm bequeathed to us by quantum physics and its younger sibling, complexity science. Danah Zohar is a physicist, philosopher, and management thought leader. She is a Visiting Professor at Tsinghua University's School of Economics and Management and a Visiting Professor at the China Academy of Art.