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Author : Johann Rafelski,Berndt Müller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030614924
Author : H.M. Fried,Berndt Muller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475704419
This Advanced Study Institute (ASI) brought together two distinct ·"schools of approach" to Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) in the presence of intense, external, electromagnetic fields, in an effort to lay a joint foundation for a needed theoretical explanation of the sharp e+ e- "resonances" observed in the scattering of very heavy IOns. These (GSI/Darmstadt) experiments, whose history, latest reconfirmations, and most recent data were presented in three opening sessions (Bokemeyer, Koenig), show a smooth background of positron (e+) production, as a function of e+ kinetic energy. Superimposed upon this background are four very sharp peaks, of narrow widths (~ 30 KeV) and of clear experimental significance ('" 5 standard deviations). Most ofthese peaks correspond to sharp, essentially back-to-back electron-positron emission in the ions' center of mass. Following the approach of "supercritical" potential theory (SPT), where the total ionic charge unit Z satisfies Z > 137, it has been possible to provide a detailed and apparently correct understanding of the smooth e+ e- background; a coherent description of different facets of this approach, emphasizing the nature of the charged, supercritical vacuum, was described by the authors responsible for the invention of SPT (Greiner, Muller, Rafelski). In addition, predictions for related phenomena were outlined by other lecturers using the SPT approach (Bawin, Soff, SsJrensen).
Author : M.A. Shifman
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 529 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1992-12-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444596161
The method of the QCD sum rules was and still is one of the most productive tools in a wide range of problems associated with the hadronic phenomenology. Many heuristic ideas, computational devices, specific formulae which are useful to theorists working not only in hadronic physics, have been accumulated in this method. Some of the results and approaches which have originally been developed in connection with the QCD sum rules can be and are successfully applied in related fields, such as supersymmetric gauge theories, nontraditional schemes of quarks and leptons etc. The amount of literature on these and other more basic problems in hadronic physics has grown enormously in recent years. This volume presents a collection of papers which provide an overview of all basic elements of the sum rule approach and priority has been given to those works which seemed most useful from a pedagogical point of view.
Author : Liudmila Borisovna Boldyreva
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781527568167
This book will be of interest not only to physics scholars who are studying the theoretical aspects of quantum mechanics, electromagnetism, superconductivity and superfluidity, but also to the more general reader. It explores the action of biologically active substances and low-intensity physical factors in ultra-low doses on biological systems, particularly the action of medicinal remedies in ultra-low doses (homeopathy), influence of the color and form of ambient bodies, and the so-called Twin Correlation.
Author : E. V. Shuryak
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : 9971978326
This is probably the only textbook available that gathers QCD, many-body theory and phase transitions in one volume. The presentation is pedagogical and readable. It provides materials interesting to both students and researchers of astrophysics, nuclear physics and high energy physics.
Author : Austin Chambers
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203492406
Modern Vacuum Physics presents the principles and practices of vacuum science and technology along with a number of applications in research and industrial production. The first half of the book builds a foundation in gases and vapors under rarefied conditions, The second half presents examples of the analysis of representative systems and describe
Author : Greiner W. Hold
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 896 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781489921390
The NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields was held at Lahnstein on the Rhine from 15-26 June, 1981. The school was devoted to the advances, theoretical and exper imental, in the physics of strong fields made during the past decade. The topic of the first week was almost exclusively quantum electrodynamics, with discussions of symmetry breaking in the ground state, of the physics of heavy ion collisions and of precision tests of perturbative quantum electrodynamics. This was followed in the second week by the presentation of a broad range of other areas where strong fields occur, reaching from nuclear physics over quantum chromodynamics to gravitation theory and astrophysics. We were fortunate to be able to call on a body of lecturers who not only have made considerable personal contributions to these advances but who are also noted for their lecturing skills. Their dedication for their subject was readily transmitted to the stu dents resulting in a very successful school. This enthusiasm is also reflected in their contributions to these Proceedings which, as I believe, will in time become a standard source of reference for future work on the physics of strong fields and will help to spread the benefits of the school to a larger audience than those who were able to attend. I regret that the Soviet colleagues Ya. B. Zeldovich and V. S. Popov were unable to participate.
Author : L.N. Rozanov
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2002-04-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 041527351X
Vacuum technology finds itself in many areas of industry and research. These include materials handling, packaging, gas sampling, filtration, degassing of oils and metals, thin-film coating, electron microscopy, particle acceleration, and impregnation of electrical components. It is vital to design systems that are appropriate to the application, and with so many potential solutions this can become overwhelming. Vacuum Technique provides an overview of vacuum technology, its different design methodologies, and the underlying theory. The author begins with a summary of the properties of low-pressure gases, then moves on to describe mathematical modeling of gas transfer in the vacuum system, the operation of pumps and gauges, computer-aided synthesis and analysis of systems, and the design of different vacuum systems. In particular, the author discusses the structure and characteristics of low, middle, high, and superhigh vacuum systems, as well as the characteristics of joints, materials, movement inputs, and all aspects of production technology and construction standards. Using specific examples rather than describing the various elements, Vacuum Technique supplies engineers, technicians, researchers, and students with needed expertise and a comprehensive guide to designing, selecting, and using an appropriate vacuum system for a specific purpose.
Author : E. V. Shuryak
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812385746
This invaluable book is an extensive set of lecture notes on various aspects of non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics ? the fundamental theory of strong interaction on which nuclear and hadronic physics is based.The original edition of the book, written in the mid-1980's, had more of a review style. In the second edition the outline remains the same, but the text has been completely rewritten, and extended. Apart from the new developments over the years, this edition has benefited from several graduate courses which the author has taught at Stony Brook during the last decade. The text is now complemented by exercises and has a total of about 1000 references to major works, arranged by subject.Three major issues ? the structure of the QCD vacuum, the structure of hadrons, and the physics of hot/dense matter ? are addressed as physics problems. Therefore, when discussing any specific subject, the book attempts to incorporate (1) all the solid theoretical results, (2) experimental information, and (3) results of numerical (lattice) simulations, which are playing an increasing role in quantum field theory in general, and the development of QCD in particular.The QCD Vacuum, Hadrons and Superdense Matter takes the reader from the first encounter with the subject to the front line of research, as quickly as possible.
Author : Diego Dalvit,Peter Milonni,David Roberts,Felipe da Rosa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642202872
Casimir effects serve as primary examples of directly observable manifestations of the nontrivial properties of quantum fields, and as such are attracting increasing interest from quantum field theorists, particle physicists, and cosmologists. Furthermore, though very weak except at short distances, Casimir forces are universal in the sense that all material objects are subject to them. They are thus also an increasingly important part of the physics of atom-surface interactions, while in nanotechnology they are being investigated not only as contributors to ‘stiction’ but also as potential mechanisms for actuating micro-electromechanical devices. While the field of Casimir physics is expanding rapidly, it has reached a level of maturity in some important respects: on the experimental side, where most sources of imprecision in force measurements have been identified as well as on the theoretical side, where, for example, semi-analytical and numerical methods for the computation of Casimir forces between bodies of arbitrary shape have been successfully developed. This book is, then, a timely and comprehensive guide to the essence of Casimir (and Casimir-Polder) physics that will have lasting value, serving the dual purpose of an introduction and reference to the field. While this volume is not intended to be a unified textbook, but rather a collection of largely independent chapters written by prominent experts in the field, the detailed and carefully written articles adopt a style that should appeal to non-specialist researchers in the field as well as to a broader audience of graduate students.
Author : Assistant Professor of Philosophy Simon Saunders,Simon Saunders,Harvey R. Brown,University Lecturer in Philosophy of Physics and Fellow Harvey R Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0198244495
* Contains a hitherto untranslated paper by Einstein.The vacuum is fast emerging as the central structure of modern physics. How is this possible? What is the vacuum concept, and why is it so important? This collection brings together philosophically-minded specialists who engage these issues in the context of classical gravity, quantumelectrodynamics, and the grand unification programme. The vacuum emerges as the synthesis of concepts of space, time, and matter; in the context of relativity and the quantum this new synthesis represents a structure of the most intricate and novel complexity. The Philosophy of Vacuum is unashamedly a project in metaphysics. The science of our time has transformed the concepts of space and time and of force and matter, yet the philosophy of Bohr and his school has found small purchase on the contemporary concerns of physics, and there are few guidelinesto be found within the empiricist tradition of contemporary philosophy. However slippery the conundrums of metaphysical realism, the message of contemporary science remains the same: concepts and heuristics are grounded in consideration of what exists in the world. Here, then, is a work in modernmetaphysics, in which the concepts of substance and space interweave in the most intangible of forms, the background and context of our physical experience: vacuum, void or nothingness.
Author : Helmut Bannwarth
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2006-03-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527604722
Based on the very successful German editions, this English version has been thoroughly updated and revised to reflect the developments of the last years and the latest innovations in the field. Throughout, the author makes excellent use of real-life examples and highly praised didactics to disseminate his expert knowledge needed by vacuum technology users and engineers in their daily work at industrial plants, as consultants or in design offices. He covers in detail the most modern liquid ring pumps, with chapters dedicated to maintenance, explosion prevention and general procedures for safety at work with this technology. The whole is backed by a large repository of frequently needed technical data, unit conversions, formulae and current industrial, technical and legal norms without drawing on unnecessary complex or theoretical mathematics. The result is the ideal hands-on introduction to vacuum technology, ranging from fundamentals to in-depth expert knowledge on liquid-ring vacuum pumps.
Author : Ilie Pȃrvu,Gabriel Sandu,Iulian D. Toader
Publisher : Springer
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319166551
This book presents a collection of studies by Romanian philosophers, addressing foundational issues currently debated in contemporary philosophy of science. It offers a historical survey of the tradition of scientific philosophy in Romania. It examines some problems in the foundations of logic, mathematics, linguistics, the natural and social sciences. Among the more specific topics, it discusses scientific explanation, models, and mechanisms, as well as memory, artifacts, and rules of research. The book is useful to those interested in the philosophy of real science, but also to those interested in Romanian philosophy.
Author : Igor Bello
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 1036 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781498782050
Vacuum technology has enormous impact on human life in many aspects and fields, such as metallurgy, material development and production, food and electronic industry, microelectronics, device fabrication, physics, materials science, space science, engineering, chemistry, technology of low temperature, pharmaceutical industry, and biology. All decorative coatings used in jewelries and various daily products—including shiny decorative papers, the surface finish of watches, and light fixtures—are made using vacuum technological processes. Vacuum analytical techniques and vacuum technologies are pillars of the technological processes, material synthesis, deposition, and material analyses—all of which are used in the development of novel materials, increasing the value of industrial products, controlling the technological processes, and ensuring the high product quality. Based on physical models and calculated examples, the book provides a deeper look inside the vacuum physics and technology.
Author : Sunil K Sinha,Milan K Sanyal,Chun Keung Loong
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811231520
Advanced Characterization of Nanostructured Materials — Probing the Structure and Dynamics with Synchrotron X-Rays and Neutrons is a collection of chapters which review the characterization of the structure and internal dynamics of a wide variety of nanostructured materials using various synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering techniques. It is intended for graduate students and researchers who might be interested in learning about and applying these methods. The authors are well-known practitioners in their fields of research who provide detailed and authoritative accounts of how these techniques have been applied to study systems ranging from thin films and monolayers on solid surfaces and at liquid-air, liquid-liquid and solid-liquid interfaces; nanostructured composite materials; battery materials, and catalytic materials. While there have been a great many books published on nanoscience, there are relatively few that have discussed in one volume detailed synchrotron X-ray and neutron methods for advanced characterization of nanomaterials in thin films, composite materials, catalytic and battery materials and at interfaces. This book should provide an incentive and a reference for researchers in nanomaterials for using these techniques as a powerful way to characterize their samples. It should also help to popularize the use of synchrotron and neutron facilities by the nanoscience community.