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Author : D. Whalen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781137396938
After pioneering this technology and growing the market, COMSAT fell prey to changes in government policy and to its own lack of entrepreneurial talent. The author explores the factors which contributed to this rise and fall of COMSAT.
Author : Dan Schiller
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 833 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Telecommunications
ISBN : 9780197639238
"During the first century of the republic, two modes of communication at a distance - telecommunications - were etched into lands inhabited by Native Americans; contested by rival European powers; and occupied by the United States. Both telecommunications systems supported this expanding US territorial empire but, despite this overarching commonality, they branched apart in other ways. One network was owned by the state and the other by capital, and the two branches of the telecommunications system developed disparate rate structures, patterns of access, and social and institutional relationships. During the decades after the Civil War their divergence became politically charged. Would one model prevail over the other? Going forward, would it be the government Post Office or the corporate telegraph that set the terms of telecommunications development? The Post Office was the nation's originating system for communication at a distance. Both before and long after it was elevated to a cabinet department in 1829, furthermore, the Post Office was by far the largest unit of the central state. In 1831, the nation's 8700 postmasters comprised three-quarters of federal civilian employment; half a century later (excluding temporary postal employees and ordinary and railway mail clerks and letter carriers), some 50,000 postmasters accounted for perhaps one-third of all civilian employees in the executive branch. Though its relative weight as a government employer diminished after this, its workforce continued to swell. During the last two antebellum decades, meanwhile, an emergent technology - the electrical telegraph - was passed quickly from the federal government to private capital. The two systems' institutional identities immediately began to contrast in other ways"--
Author : Hugh R. Slotten
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781421441238
A fascinating account of how the United States established the first global satellite communications system to project geopolitical leadership during the Cold War. On July 20, 1969, the world watched, spellbound, as NASA astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped off the Apollo 11 lunar module to walk on the moon. NASA estimated that 20 percent of the planet's population—nearly 650 million people—watched the moon landing footage, which was made possible by the first global satellite communications system, the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, or Intelsat. In Beyond Sputnik and the Space Race, Hugh R. Slotten analyzes the efforts of US officials, especially during the Kennedy administration, to establish this satellite communication system and open it to all countries of the world. Locked in competition with the Soviet Union for both military superiority and international prestige, President John F. Kennedy overturned the Eisenhower administration's policy of treating satellite communications as simply an extension of traditionally regulated telecommunications. Instead of allowing private communications companies to set up separate systems that would likely primarily serve major "developed" regions, the new administration decided to take the lead in establishing a single world system. Explaining how the East-West Cold War conflict became increasingly influenced by North-South tensions during this period, Slotten highlights the growing importance of non-aligned countries in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. He also underscores the importance of a political economy of "total Cold War" in which many crucial aspects of US society became tied to imperatives of national security and geopolitical prestige. Drawing on detailed archival records to examine the full range of decisionmakers involved in the Intelsat system, Beyond Sputnik and the Space Race spotlights mid- and lower-level agency staff usually ignored by historians. One of the few works to analyze the establishment of a major global infrastructure project, this book provides an outstanding analytical overview of the history of global electronic communications from the mid-nineteenth century to the present.
Author : Christine E. Evans,Lars Lundgren
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262376822
The compelling and little-known history of satellite communications that reveals the Soviet and Eastern European roles in the development of its infrastructure. Taking its title from Hannah Arendt’s description of artificial earth satellites, No Heavenly Bodies explores the history of the first two decades of satellite communications. Christine E. Evans and Lars Lundgren trace how satellite communications infrastructure was imagined, negotiated, and built across the Earth’s surface, including across the Iron Curtain. While the United States’ and European countries’ roles in satellite communications are well documented, Evans and Lundgren delve deep into the role the Soviet Union and other socialist countries played in shaping the infrastructure of satellite communications technology in its first two decades. Departing from the Cold War binary and the competitive framework that has animated much of space historiography and telecommunications history, No Heavenly Bodies focuses instead on interaction, cooperation, and mutual influence across the Cold War divide. Evans and Lundgren describe the expansion of satellite communications networks as a process of negotiation and interaction, rather than a simple contest of technological and geopolitical prowess. In so doing, they make visible the significant overlaps, shared imaginaries, points of contact and exchange, and negotiated settlements that determined the shape of satellite communications in its formative decades.
Author : Rosanne Welch,Peg A. Lamphier
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 1155 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781610690942
From the invention of eyeglasses to the Internet, this three-volume set examines the pivotal effects of inventions on society, providing a fascinating history of technology and innovations in the United States from the earliest European colonization to the present. Technical Innovation in American History surveys the history of technology, documenting the chronological and thematic connections between specific inventions, technological systems, individuals, and events that have contributed to the history of science and technology in the United States. Covering eras from colonial times to the present day in three chronological volumes, the entries include innovations in fields such as architecture, civil engineering, transportation, energy, mining and oil industries, chemical industries, electronics, computer and information technology, communications (television, radio, and print), agriculture and food technology, and military technology. The A–Z entries address key individuals, events, organizations, and legislation related to themes such as industry, consumer and medical technology, military technology, computer technology, and space science, among others, enabling readers to understand how specific inventions, technological systems, individuals, and events influenced the history, cultural development, and even self-identity of the United States and its people. The information also spotlights how American culture, the U.S. government, and American society have specifically influenced technological development.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1764 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1979-03
Category : Delegated legislation
ISBN : UCR:31210024961276
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 640 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Investments
ISBN : MINN:31951001897660Q
Author : Andrew J. Butrica
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Artificial satellites in telecommunication
ISBN : NASA:31769000640998
"Fifty years after the founding of NASA, from 28 to 29 October 2008, the NASA History Division convened a conference whose purpose was a scholarly analysis of NASA's first 50 years. Over two days at NASA Headquarters, historians and policy analysts discussed NASA's role in aeronautics, human spaceflight, exploration, space science, life science, and Earth science, as well as crosscutting themes ranging from space access to international relations in space and NASA's interaction with the public. The speakers were asked to keep in mind the following questions: What are the lessons learned from the first 50 years? What is NASA's role in American culture and in the history of exploration and discovery? What if there had never been a NASA? Based on the past, does NASA have a future? The results of those papers, elaborated and fully referenced, are found in this 50th anniversary volume."--Introduction.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1006 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Court decisions and opinions
ISBN : UOM:39015011137281
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1018 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Barron's national business and financial weekly
ISBN : STANFORD:36105118482079
Author : Communications Satellite Corporation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 952 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Artificial satellites in telecommunication
ISBN : STANFORD:36105001470819
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 890 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Securities
ISBN : PSU:000056117363
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1482 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Commerce
ISBN : UVA:X000825307
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Industries
ISBN : MSU:31293006528024
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 662 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Industries
ISBN : UCSC:32106019209839
