The Risks And Macroeconomic Impact Of Hiv Aids In The Middle East And North Africa

Author : David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino,Carol Jenkins,Karim El Maroufi Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region--Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors--sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP. This paper--a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region--is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Robalino
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1403283410

Get Book

The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by Robalino Pdf

Author : David A. Robalino
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290704586

Get Book

The Risks and Macroeconomic Impact of Hiv/Aids in the Middle East and North Africa by David A. Robalino Pdf

Robalino, Jenkins, and El Maroufi develop a model of optimal growth to assess the risks of an HIV/AIDS epidemic and the expected economic impact in nine countries in the Middle East and North Africa region - Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen. The model incorporates an HIV/AIDS diffusion component based on two transmission factors - sexual intercourse and exchange of infected needles among intravenous drug users. Given high levels of uncertainty on the model parameters that determine the dynamics of the epidemic and its economic impact, the authors explore large regions of the parameter space. The prevalence rates in year 2015 would be below 1 percent in 16 percent of the cases, while they would be above 3 percent in 50 percent of the cases. On average, GDP losses across countries for 2000-2025 could approximate 35 percent of today's GDP. In all countries it is possible to observe scenarios where losses surpass today's GDP. The authors quantify the impact of expanding condom use and access to clean needles for intravenous drug users. They show that these interventions act as an insurance policy that increases social welfare. They also show that delaying action for five years can cost, on average, the equivalent of six percentage points of today's GDP.This paper - a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to raise awareness about the social and economic cost of HIV/AIDS. David Robalino may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Carol Lynn Jenkins,David A. Robalino,World Bank,World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean,Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 0821355783

Get Book

HIV/Aids in the Middle East And North Africa by Carol Lynn Jenkins,David A. Robalino,World Bank,World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean,Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Pdf

"This book reviews the current knowledge available on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the MENA/EM region with the goal of stimulating discussion among policy- and decisionmakers. In other regions, early investments in good surveillance and effective prevention programs have proved to be relative bargains, compared with the costs of a full-blown epidemic. As the authors argue, the time to act is now, while prevalence levels are still low. To that end, they make specific recommendations and offer best practices and case studies from around the world." "This volume is the product of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the World Health Organization (Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office), and the World Bank. It will be of particular interest to those in the fields of public health, social policy, and economic development, as well as to students and scholars of the region." --Résumé de l'éditeur.

Author : Carol Lynn Jenkins,David A. Robalino,World Bank,World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean,Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015060003848

Get Book

HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by Carol Lynn Jenkins,David A. Robalino,World Bank,World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean,Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Pdf

Recent evidence suggests that, although the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the Middle East, North Africa, and Eastern Mediterranean (MENA/EM) region is relatively low compared to other regions, the total number of AIDS-related deaths is rising. Low prevalence does not equal low risk and even conservative estimates indicate that AIDS poses real threat to the region's long-term growth. This publication reviews the current situation and makes recommendations for timely surveillance and prevention programmes based on best practice and case studies from around the world.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 0821381377

Get Book

Characterizing the HIV by Anonim Pdf

Author : Francisca Ayodeji Akala,World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Medical
ISBN : 082136264X

Get Book

Preventing HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa by Francisca Ayodeji Akala,World Bank Pdf

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has the potential to impede and even reverse development if not addressed early enough. Poverty and income inequality have been shown to facilitate the diffusion of HIV epidemics. While abject poverty in the Middle East and North Africa region remains low, a significant proportion of the population (23.2%) live under $2 per day and are extremely vulnerable in their ability to cope with shocks. In order to preserve the benefits of national and regional development investments put in place by governments, and donor agencies, greater investments to improve HIV/AIDS advocacy, information and prevention strategies are needed now to maintain the current low prevalence levels. This title outlines the role of the Bank in confronting the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the region based on a review of needs and gaps at the regional and country level.

Author : Olusoji Adeyi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821355805

Get Book

Averting AIDS Crises in Eastern Europe and Central Asia by Olusoji Adeyi Pdf

The countries of Eastern Europe and the central Asian region are experiencing the greatest increases in rates of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis infections. This publication sets out the World Bank's regional support strategy which seeks to provide a unifying framework for the Bank's work as part of the international support for country-led responses to these public health problems. It identifies short to medium term priorities and clarifies options for integrating effective interventions into the broader agenda of poverty reduction and economic development.

Author : Anne Maryse Pierre-Louis,Francisca Ayodeji Akala,Hadia Samaha Karam
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821357905

Get Book

Public Health in the Middle East and North Africa by Anne Maryse Pierre-Louis,Francisca Ayodeji Akala,Hadia Samaha Karam Pdf

This publication contains papers presented at the Middle East regional symposium, held in Beirut in June 2002, to discuss public health challenges in the Middle East and North Africa and Eastern Mediterranean (MENA/EM) regions. Issues discussed include: public health functions and infrastructures, health economics, affordable and culturally appropriate services for disease prevention and treatment to reduce the dual burden of illness and disability, promotion strategies, the HIV/AIDS situation, issues of road safety, and strengthening primary health care in Iran.

Author : Ralf Emmers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351914352

Get Book

Non-Traditional Security in Asia by Ralf Emmers Pdf

The security issues confronting Asia are both complex and diverse. Given the increasing trend towards an expanding security agenda beyond the military dimension of inter-state relations, this volume provides an extensive study of emerging non-traditional challenges to this region. New realities and new challenges have come to the fore including environmental degradation, illegal immigration, infectious diseases, transnational crime, poverty and underdevelopment. Drawing upon the concepts of securitization and de-securitization, this book brings together regional perspectives from across Asia to examine how these challenges are perceived and managed. It is a valuable contribution to both security and Asian studies and will be ideally suited to those interested in security studies, international relations and development studies.

Author : Fareed M. A. Hassan
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780821359747

Get Book

Tunisia by Fareed M. A. Hassan Pdf

Annotation The Latin American Development Forum promotes debate and disseminates knowledge and analysis on economic and social development issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Institutional Sponsors of this series are the World Bank, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), and Inter-American Development Bank (IADB). This book evaluates the effectiveness of Bank assistance to The Republic of Tunisia.

Author : Bjørn Lomborg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2004-10-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521844460

Get Book

Global Crises, Global Solutions by Bjørn Lomborg Pdf

Publisher Description

Author : Martha Ainsworth,Deon Filmer
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : AIDS (Disease)
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Poverty, AIDS, and Children's Schooling by Martha Ainsworth,Deon Filmer Pdf

The authors analyze the relationship between orphan status, household wealth, and child school enrollment using data collected in the 1990s from 28 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and one country in Southeast Asia. The findings point to considerable diversity--so much so that generalizations are not possible. While there are some examples of large differentials in enrollment by orphan status, in the majority of cases the orphan enrollment gap is dwarfed by the gap between children from richer and poorer households. In some cases, even non-orphaned children from the top of the wealth distribution have low enrollments, pointing to fundamental issues in the supply or demand for schooling that are a constraint to higher enrollments of all children. The gap in enrollment between female and male orphans is not much different than the gap between girls and boys with living parents, suggesting that female orphans are not disproportionately affected in terms of their enrollment in most countries. These diverse findings demonstrate that the extent to which orphans are under-enrolled relative to other children is country-specific, at least in part because the correlation between orphan status and poverty is not consistent across countries. Social protection and schooling policies need to assess the specific country situation before considering mitigation measures.

Author : Barbara Charton
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780816042937

Get Book

The Facts on File Dictionary of Marine Science by Barbara Charton Pdf

Defines terms dealing with water chemistry, marine ecology, currents, and oceanography, and identifies scientists organizations, and concepts associated with the study of the oceans. Simultaneous.

Author : Jean-Paul Azam,Magueye Dia,Tchetche N'Guessan
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Telecommunication
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

Get Book

Telecommunications Sector Reforms in Senegal by Jean-Paul Azam,Magueye Dia,Tchetche N'Guessan Pdf

This paper analyzes Senegal's experience with telecommunications liberalization and privatization. Senegal privatized its incumbent operator in 1997, and granted the newly privatized firm seven years of fixed-line exclusivity while introducing "managed competition" in the cellular market and free competition in value-added services (VAS). By May 2001, two cellular operators, a number of VAS providers, and thousands of retailers operating telecenters had entered the market. Reform has thus significantly changed the landscape of Senegal's telecommunications sector and has brought with it tremendous improvement in sector performance. Between 1997 and 2001, fixed-line telephone penetration grew from 1.32 to 2.45 per hundred people, while mobile penetration skyrocketed from 0.08 to 4.04. But it is still too early to assess the validity of granting fixed-line exclusivity to the incumbent operator. While penetration increased, the operator did not meet objectives regarding rural telephony. Moreover, fixed-line penetration increased in areas where the operator faced competition from a mobile provider. This paper--a product of Regulation and Competition Policy, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to promote telecommunications competition, liberalization, and privatization in Africa.