The Role Of Technology In Science Philosophical Perspectives

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The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives

Sven Ove Hansson
The Role of Technology in Science Philosophical Perspectives Book PDF

Author : Sven Ove Hansson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401797627

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The Role of Technology in Science: Philosophical Perspectives by Sven Ove Hansson Pdf

This edited volume explores the interplay between philosophies in a wide-ranging analysis of how technological applications in science inform our systems of thought. Beginning with a historical background, the volume moves on to explore a host of topics, such as the uses of technology in scientific observations and experiments, the salient relationship between technology and mechanistic notions in science and the ways in which today’s vast and increasing computing power helps scientists achieve results that were previously unattainable. Technology allows today’s researchers to gather, in a matter of hours, data that would previously have taken weeks or months to assemble. It also acts as a kind of metaphor bank, providing biologists in particular with analogies (the heart as a ‘pump’, the nervous system as a ‘computer network’) that have become common linguistic currency. This book also examines the fundamental epistemological distinctions between technology and science and assesses their continued relevance. Given the increasing amalgamation of the philosophies of science and technology, this fresh addition to the literature features pioneering work in a promising new field that will appeal both to philosophers and scientific historiographers.

Science, Technology and Society

Wenceslao J. González
Science Technology and Society Book PDF

Author : Wenceslao J. González
Publisher : Netbiblo
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 0972989226

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Science, Technology and Society by Wenceslao J. González Pdf

The emphasis on the realm of Science, Technology and Society or Science and Technology Studies may have the same degree of relevance that the “historical turn” had in the past. It is a “social turn” which affects philosophy of science as well as philosophy of technology. It includes a new vision of the aims, processes and results of scientific activities and technological doings, because the focus of attention is on several aspects of science and technology which used to be considered as secondary, or even irrelevant. This turn highlights science and technology as social undertakings rather than intellectual contents. According to this new vision, there are several important changes as to what should be studied the objects of research, how it should be studied the method and what the consequences for those studies are. The new focus of attention can be seen in many changes, and among them are several of special interest: a) from what science and technology are in themselves (mainly, epistemic contents) to how science and technology are made (largely, social constructions); b) from the language and structure of basic science to the characteristics of applied science and the applications of science; c) from technology as a feature through which human beings control their natural surroundings (a step beyond “technics” due to the contribution of science) to technology as a social practice and an instrument of power; and d) from the role of internal values necessary for “mature science” and “innovative technology” to the role of contextual or external values (cultural, political, economic ...) of science and technology. Wenceslao J. Gonzalez is professor of logic and philosophy of science at the University of A Coruña (Spain). He has been vicedean of the School of Humanities and president of the Committee of Doctoral Programs at the University. He has been a visting researcher at the Universities of St. Andrews, Münster and London (London School of Economics), as well as Visiting fellow at the Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh. He has given lectures at the Universities of Pittsburgh, Stanford, Quebec and Helsinki. The conferences in which he has participated include those organized by the Universities of Uppsala, New South Wales, Bologne and Canterbury (New Zealand). He has edited 20 volumes and published 70 papers. He is the editor of the monographic issues on Philosophy and Methodology of Economics (1998) and Lakatos’s Philosophy Today (2001). His writings include “Economic Prediction and Human Activity. An Analysis of Prediction in Economics from Action Theory” (1994), “On the Theoretical Basis of Prediction in Economics” (1996), “Rationality in Economics and Scientific Predictions: A Critical Reconstruction of Bounded Rationality and its Role in Economic Predictions” (1997), “Lakatos’s Approach on Prediction and Novel Facts” (2001), “Rationality in Experimental Economics: An Analysis of R. Selten’s Approach” (2003), “From ErklärenVerstehen to PredictionUnderstanding: The Methodological Framework in Economics” (2003), and “The Many Faces of Popper’s Methodological Approach to Prediction” (2004).

Shaping Concepts of Technology

Marc J de Vries,Arley Tamir
Shaping Concepts of Technology Book PDF

Author : Marc J de Vries,Arley Tamir
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789401155984

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Shaping Concepts of Technology by Marc J de Vries,Arley Tamir Pdf

As our modem society is so obviously influenced by technology, there is a growing awareness of its importance for education. The interest for including technology as a part of general education curricula is increasing. In many countries technology is an element in the curriculum either as a topic, a project, part of a Science-Technology-Society (STS) programme, part of science education, or as a separate subject. In order to clarify what technology is, there is a need for international discussions in which philosophers, engineers, scientists and educational ists are involved. One of the few conferences with such a broad representation was the second Jerusalem International Science and Technology Education Conference (JISTEC) that was held in Jerusalem, January 8-11, 1996, a conference that can truly be seen as a milestone in the international history of technology education. More than 1,000 technology educators from more than 80 countries of the world and ministers of education from 28 coun tries came together to discuss current issues in technology education during JlSTEC. To cite from Dr. Michael Dyrenfurth's personal overview of the conference in the Journal of Industrial Teacher Education (vol. 33, no. 2, Winter 1996, pp. 83-85): 'Simply put, this conference represented the most stellar international collection of technology education advocates the world has ever seen in one place'. Or in the words of Dr.

New Perspectives on Technology, Values, and Ethics

Wenceslao J. Gonzalez
New Perspectives on Technology Values and Ethics Book PDF

Author : Wenceslao J. Gonzalez
Publisher : Springer
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319218700

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New Perspectives on Technology, Values, and Ethics by Wenceslao J. Gonzalez Pdf

This book focuses on a key issue today: the role of values in technology, with special emphasis on ethical values. This topic involves the analysis of internal values in technology (as they affect objectives, processes, and outcomes) and the study of external values in technology (social, cultural, economic, ecological, etc.). These values — internal and external — are crucial to the decision making of engineers. In addition, they have increasing relevance for citizens concerned with the present and future state of technology, which gives society a leading position in technological issues. The book follows three main lines of research: 1) new perspectives on technology, values, and ethics; 2) rationality and responsibility in technology; and 3) technology and risks. This volume analyzes the two main sides involved here: the theoretical basis for the role of values in technology and a practical discussion on how to implement them in our society. Thus, the book is of interest for philosophers, engineers, academics of different fields and policy-makers. The style used lends itself to broad audience.​

Science, Technology, and Virtues

Emanuele Ratti,Thomas A. Stapleford
Science Technology and Virtues Book PDF

Author : Emanuele Ratti,Thomas A. Stapleford
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190081713

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Science, Technology, and Virtues by Emanuele Ratti,Thomas A. Stapleford Pdf

Virtues have become a valuable and relevant resource for understanding modern science and technology. Scientific practice requires not only following prescribed rules but also cultivating judgment, building mental habits, and developing proper emotional responses. The rich philosophical traditions around virtue can provide key insights into scientific research, including understanding how daily practice shapes scientists themselves and how ethical dilemmas created by modern scientific research and technology should be navigated. Science, Technology, and Virtues gathers both new and eminent scholars to show how concepts of virtue can help us better understand, construct, and use the products of modern science and technology. Contributors draw from examples across philosophy, history, sociology, political science, and engineering to explore how virtue theory can help orient science and technology towards the pursuit of the good life. Split into four major sections, this volume covers virtues in science, technology, epistemology, and research ethics, with individual chapters discussing applications of virtues to scientific practice, the influence of virtue ethics on socially responsible research, and the concept of failing well within the scientific community. Rather than offer easy solutions, the essays in this volume instead illustrate how virtue concepts can provide a productive and illuminating perspective on two phenomena at the core of modern life. Fresh and thought-provoking, Science, Technology, and Virtues presents a pluralistic set of scholarship to show how virtue concepts can enrich our understanding of scientific research, guide the design and use of new technologies, and shape how we envision future scientists, engineers, consumers, and citizens.

Scientific Understanding

Henk W. de Regt,Sabina Leonelli,Kai Eigner
Scientific Understanding Book PDF

Author : Henk W. de Regt,Sabina Leonelli,Kai Eigner
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780822971245

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Scientific Understanding by Henk W. de Regt,Sabina Leonelli,Kai Eigner Pdf

To most scientists, and to those interested in the sciences, understanding is the ultimate aim of scientific endeavor. In spite of this, understanding, and how it is achieved, has received little attention in recent philosophy of science. Scientific Understanding seeks to reverse this trend by providing original and in-depth accounts of the concept of understanding and its essential role in the scientific process. To this end, the chapters in this volume explore and develop three key topics: understanding and explanation, understanding and models, and understanding in scientific practice. Earlier philosophers, such as Carl Hempel, dismissed understanding as subjective and pragmatic. They believed that the essence of science was to be found in scientific theories and explanations. In Scientific Understanding, the contributors maintain that we must also consider the relation between explanations and the scientists who construct and use them. They focus on understanding as the cognitive state that is a goal of explanation and on the understanding of theories and models as a means to this end. The chapters in this book highlight the multifaceted nature of the process of scientific research. The contributors examine current uses of theory, models, simulations, and experiments to evaluate the degree to which these elements contribute to understanding. Their analyses pay due attention to the roles of intelligibility, tacit knowledge, and feelings of understanding. Furthermore, they investigate how understanding is obtained within diverse scientific disciplines and examine how the acquisition of understanding depends on specific contexts, the objects of study, and the stated aims of research.

Europe, America, and Technology: Philosophical Perspectives

P.T. Durbin
Europe America and Technology Philosophical Perspectives Book PDF

Author : P.T. Durbin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401132428

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Europe, America, and Technology: Philosophical Perspectives by P.T. Durbin Pdf

As Europe moves toward 1992 and full economic unity, and as Eastern Europe tries to find its way in the new economic order, the United States hesitates. Will the new European economic order be good for the U.S. or not? Such a question is exacerbated by world-wide changes in the technological order, most evident in Japan's new techno-economic power. As might be expected, philosophers have been slow to come to grips with such issues, and lack of interest is compounded by different philosophical styles in different parts of the world. What this volume addresses is more a matter of conflicting styles than a substantive confrontation with the real-world issues. But there is some attempt to be concrete. The symposium on Ivan Illich - with contributions from philosophers and social critics at the Penns- vania State University, where Illich has taught for several years - may suggest the old cliche of Old World vs. New World. Illich's fulminations against technology are often dismissed by Americans as old-world-style prophecy, while Illich seems largely unknown in his native Europe. But Albert Borgmann, born in Germany though now settled in the U.S., shows that this old dichotomy is difficult to maintain in our technological world. Borgmann's focus is on urgent technological problems that have become almost painfully evident in both Europe and America.

Perspectives on Ignorance from Moral and Social Philosophy

Rik Peels
Perspectives on Ignorance from Moral and Social Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Rik Peels
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317369547

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Perspectives on Ignorance from Moral and Social Philosophy by Rik Peels Pdf

This edited collection focuses on the moral and social dimensions of ignorance—an undertheorized category in analytic philosophy. Contributors address such issues as the relation between ignorance and deception, ignorance as a moral excuse, ignorance as a legal excuse, and the relation between ignorance and moral character. In the moral realm, ignorance is sometimes considered as an excuse; some specific kind of ignorance seems to be implied by a moral character; and ignorance is closely related to moral risk. Ignorance has certain social dimensions as well: it has been claimed to be the engine of science; it seems to be entailed by privacy and secrecy; and it is widely thought to constitute a legal excuse in certain circumstances. Together, these contributions provide a sustained inquiry into the nature of ignorance and the pivotal role it plays in the moral and social domains.

Contributions to a Philosophy of Technology

F. Rapp
Contributions to a Philosophy of Technology Book PDF

Author : F. Rapp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401021821

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Contributions to a Philosophy of Technology by F. Rapp Pdf

The highly sophisticated techniques of modern engineering are normally conceived of in practical terms. Corresponding to the instrumental function of technology, they are designed to direct the forces of nature according to human purposes. Yet, as soon as the realm of mere skills is exceeded, the intended useful results can only be achieved through planned and preconceived action processes involving the deliberately considered application of well designed tools and devices. This is to say that in all complex cases theoretical reasoning becomes an indispensable means to accomplish the pragmatic technological aims. Hence the abstracting from the actual concrete function of technology opens the way to concentrate attention on the general conceptual framework involved. If this approach is adopted the relevant knowledge and the procedures applied clearly exhibit a logic of their own. This point of view leads to a methodological and even an epistemological analysis of the theoretical structure and the specific methods of procedure characteristic of modern technology. Investigations of this kind, that can be described as belonging to an ana lytical philosophy of technology, form the topic of this anthology. The type of research in question here is closely akin to that of the philosophy of science. But it is an astonishing fact that the commonly accepted and carefully investigated philosophy of science has not yet found its counterpart in an established philosophy of technology.

The Ethics of Technology

Sven Ove Hansson
The Ethics of Technology Book PDF

Author : Sven Ove Hansson
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781783486595

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The Ethics of Technology by Sven Ove Hansson Pdf

This book provides students with a toolbox for the study of the ethics of technology, exploring the methods available for ethical assessments of technologies and their social introduction.

Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn

Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers
Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn Book PDF

Author : Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers
Publisher : Springer
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319337173

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Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn by Maarten Franssen,Pieter E. Vermaas,Peter Kroes,Anthonie W.M. Meijers Pdf

This volume features 16 essays on the philosophy of technology that discuss its identity, its position in philosophy in general, and the role of empirical studies in philosophical analyses of engineering ethics and engineering practices. This volume is published about fifteen years after Peter Kroes and Anthonie Meijers published a collection of papers under the title The empirical turn in the philosophy of technology, in which they called for a reorientation toward the practice of engineering, and sketched the likely benefits for philosophy of technology of pursuing its major questions in an empirically informed way. The essays in this volume fall apart in two different kinds. One kind follows up on The empirical turn discussion about what the philosophy of technology is all about. It continues the search for the identity of the philosophy of technology by asking what comes after the empirical turn. The other kind of essays follows the call for an empirical turn in the philosophy of technology by showing how it may be realized with regard to particular topics. Together these essays offer the reader an overview of the state of the art of an empirically informed philosophy of technology and of various views on the empirical turn as a stepping stone into the future of the philosophy of technology.

New Perspectives on Technology in Society

Ibo van de Poel,Lotte Asveld,Donna C. Mehos
New Perspectives on Technology in Society Book PDF

Author : Ibo van de Poel,Lotte Asveld,Donna C. Mehos
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781315468235

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New Perspectives on Technology in Society by Ibo van de Poel,Lotte Asveld,Donna C. Mehos Pdf

The development and introduction of a new technology to society can be viewed as an experimental process, full of uncertainties, which are only gradually reduced as the technology is employed. Unexpected developments may trigger an experimental process in which society must find new ways to deal with the uncertainties posed. This book explores how the experimental perspective determines what ethical issues new technologies raise and how it helps morally evaluate their introduction. Expert contributors highlight the uncertainties that accompany the process, identify the social and ethical challenges they give rise to, and propose strategies to manage them. Focusing on the introduction of new technologies and experimentation as ways to perceive new developments and changing contexts, a key theme of the book is how to approach the moral issues raised by new technology and understand the role of experimentation in exploring these matters.

Maintenance and Philosophy of Technology

Mark Thomas Young,Mark Coeckelbergh
Maintenance and Philosophy of Technology Book PDF

Author : Mark Thomas Young,Mark Coeckelbergh
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781040024966

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Maintenance and Philosophy of Technology by Mark Thomas Young,Mark Coeckelbergh Pdf

What can we learn about the nature of technology by studying practices of maintenance and repair? This volume addresses this question by bringing together scholarship from philosophers of technology working at the forefront of this emerging and exciting topic. The chapters in this volume explore how attending to maintenance and repair can challenge and complement existing ways of thinking about technology focused on use and design and introduce new philosophical perspectives on the relationship between technology, time and human practice. They examine the significance of maintenance and repair practices at different scales in relation to a diverse range of philosophical traditions and a wide variety of technologies, from urban infrastructure such as bridges and buildings to data technologies such as servers and software systems. Together, the contributions highlight common themes in the philosophical study of maintenance, including the role of skill, the significance of social values and the potential of these practices to transform the technologies to which they are applied. By reflecting on the different ways in which we keep technologies going, from the devices we use in our homes to the large technical systems which surround us, this volume reveals the philosophical significance of practices of maintenance, not only as a source of new insights but also as a resource for enriching our understanding of a variety of existing topics in philosophy. Maintenance and Philosophy of Technology will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of technology, philosophy of engineering and science & technology studies. Chapter 9 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Philosophical Perspectives on Newtonian Science

Phillip Bricker,R. I. G. Hughes
Philosophical Perspectives on Newtonian Science Book PDF

Author : Phillip Bricker,R. I. G. Hughes
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0262023016

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Philosophical Perspectives on Newtonian Science by Phillip Bricker,R. I. G. Hughes Pdf

These original essays explore the philosophical implications of Newton's work. They address a wide range of topics including Newton's influence on his contemporaries and successors such as Locke and Kant, and his views on the methodology of science, on absolute space and time, and on the Deity.Howard Stein compares Newton's refusal to lock natural philosophy into a preexisting system with the more rigid philosophical predilections of his near-contemporaries Christian Huygens and John Locke. Richard Arthur's commentary provides a useful gloss on Stein's essay. Lawrence Sklar puzzles over Newton's attempts to provide a unified treatment of the various "real quantities": absolute space, time, and motion. According to Phillip Bricker's responding essay, however, the distinctions Sklar draws do not go to the heart of the debate between realists and representationalists.J. E. McGuire and John Carriero debate Newtons views of the relationship between the Deity and the nature of time and space. Peter Achinstein looks at the tension between Newton's methodological views and his advocacy of a corpuscular theory of light; he suggests that Newton could justify the latter by a "weak" inductive inference, but R.I.G. Hughes believes that this inference involves an induction Newton would be unwilling to make. Immanuel Kant's critique of Newton's view of gravity is discussed and amplified by Michael Friedman In response, Robert DiSalle raises a number of problems for Friedman's analysis. Errol Harris and Philip Grier extend the discussion to the present day and look at the ethical implications of Newton's work.Phillip Bricker is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. R.I.G. Hughes is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of South Carolina. Philosophical Perspectives on Newtonian Science is included in the Johns Hopkins Series on the History and Philosophy of Science.

Philosophy of Technology

Maarten J Verkerk,Jan Hoogland,Jan van der Stoep,Marc J. de Vries
Philosophy of Technology Book PDF

Author : Maarten J Verkerk,Jan Hoogland,Jan van der Stoep,Marc J. de Vries
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-09-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317445708

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Philosophy of Technology by Maarten J Verkerk,Jan Hoogland,Jan van der Stoep,Marc J. de Vries Pdf

Philosophy of Technology: An introduction for technology and business students is an accessible guide to technology’s changes , their ubiquitousness, and the many questions these raise. Designed for those with no philosophical background in mind, it is ideal for technology and engineering students or specialists who want to learn to think critically about how their work influences society and our daily lives. The technological, business environment and daily experiences are the starting point of the book and the authors’ reflect upon these practices from a philosophical point of view. The text goes on to present a critical analysis of the subject including development, manufacturing, sales and marketing and the use of technological products and services. The abstract ideas are made easier to grasp with a story-telling approach: a vivid history of the discipline and colourful portraits of the core thinkers in this domain, as well as four case studies drawing from various engineering disciplines to demonstrate how philosophy can and should influence technology in practice. The first comprehensive introduction to this vibrant young sub-discipline in over 20 years, this is an ideal textbook for students of technology and engineering beginning a course or project in the philosophy of their subject.