The Sarmatians 600 Bc Ad 450

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The Sarmatians 600 BC–AD 450

Richard Brzezinski,Mariusz Mielczarek
The Sarmatians 600 BC AD 450 Book PDF

Author : Richard Brzezinski,Mariusz Mielczarek
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2002-08-19
Category : History
ISBN : 184176485X

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The Sarmatians 600 BC–AD 450 by Richard Brzezinski,Mariusz Mielczarek Pdf

The Sarmatians - one of the many nomadic groups to emerge from the great Eurasian Steppe - crossed the Don in about the 3rd century BC to displace their western neighbours, the Scythians, in the lands north of the Black Sea. Later they burst into Asia Minor and Rome's Danube provinces, becoming famous for the prowess of their lance-armed cavalry - first as enemies, and later as allies of Rome. They influenced Rome's adoption of heavy armoured cavalry, and in Roman service they were even posted to Britain. Drawing upon a wide reading of Classical authors and of Russian archaeological publications, this fascinating study is the first major English language attempt to reconstruct their armour, equipment and tactics.

Armies of the Scythians and Sarmatians 700 BC to AD 450

Gabriele Esposito
Armies of the Scythians and Sarmatians 700 BC to AD 450 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2024-05-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781399047395

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Armies of the Scythians and Sarmatians 700 BC to AD 450 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

The Scythians were a horse nomads from the central Eurasian steppes who migrated south and west into the region around the Black Sea from the seventh century BC which they dominated until replaced and absorbed by the very similar Sarmatians from the third century BC. A harsh life spent riding, herding and hunting on the steppes made them into tough warriors, and highly skilled horsemen and archers. Their armies were highly mobile, mostly comprising swift mounted archers capable of elusive hit-and-run attacks but with the wealthier warriors constituting a core of heavier cavalry, armored and equipped for close combat. Over hundreds of years the Scythians fought, and often defeated, such notable opponents as the Assyrians, Medes, Persians, Greeks and Macedonians. Their Sarmatian successors continued the tradition, being among the Romans’ most dangerous opponents for several centuries. Gabriele Esposito discusses these remarkable warriors of the steppes, analysing what made them such formidable opponents to their neighbours over the centuries. He describes in detail their weapons, armor, equipment and tactics as they evolved over the centuries. The fascinating text is supported by dozens of beautiful color photographs of replica costume, arms and equipment in use.

Armies of the Hellenistic States, 323 BC–AD 30

Gabriele Esposito
Armies of the Hellenistic States 323 BC AD 30 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Pen and Sword
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526730305

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Armies of the Hellenistic States, 323 BC–AD 30 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

This fully illustrated history chronicles the evolution of Hellenistic warfare from the death of Alexander the Great to Rome’s conquest of the region. This book provides a complete and detailed analysis of the organization and equipment employed by the armies of the Hellenistic States. After Alexander the Great’s death in 323 BC, his immense Macedonian empire was divided between his generals, who in turn formed their own monarchies across Eastern Europe, Asia and North Africa. This work will follow the development of the Hellenistic military forces from the army bequeathed by Alexander to the complex military machines that succumbed one by one in the wars against the expanding Romans. Fully illustrated with color photographs, this volume also shows how Hellenistic forces were strongly influenced by Roman models during the last years of independence of their kingdoms. The states analyzed are: Macedon, Seleucid Empire, Ptolemaic Egypt, The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Armenia, Pergamon, Pontus, Cappadocia, Galatia, The Bosporan Kingdom, Epirus, Sicily, The Achaean League and The Aetolian League.

Armies of the Germanic Peoples, 200 BC–AD 500

Gabriele Esposito
Armies of the Germanic Peoples 200 BC AD 500 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022-01-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526772718

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Armies of the Germanic Peoples, 200 BC–AD 500 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

An overview of the Germanic peoples’ military history from this period and an examination of the weapons and tactics they employed on the battlefield. Gabriele Esposito begins this study by showing how, from very early on, the Germanic communities were heavily influenced by Celtic culture. He then moves on to describe the major military events, starting with the first major encounter between the Germanic tribes and the Romans: the invasion by the Cimbri and Teutones. Julius Caesar’s campaigns against German groups seeking to enter Gaul are described in detail as is the pivotal Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, which effectively halted Roman expansion into Germany and for centuries fixed the Rhine as the border between the Roman and Germanic civilizations. Escalating pressure of Germanic raids and invasions was a major factor in the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The author’s analysis explains how Germanic warriors were able to crush the Roman military forces on several occasions, gradually transformed the Roman Army itself from the inside and, after the fall of the Empire, created new Romano-Germanic Kingdoms across Europe. The evolution of Germanic weapons, equipment and tactics is examined and brought to life through dozens of color photos of replica equipment in use.

The Army of the Early Roman Empire 30 BC–AD 180

Gabriele Esposito
The Army of the Early Roman Empire 30 BC AD 180 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526787422

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The Army of the Early Roman Empire 30 BC–AD 180 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

The legionary soldier of the early Empire period, with his distinctive segmented armor, is one of the images most closely associated by popular imagination with ancient Rome. Such soldiers conquered most of Britain, suffered and avenged the terrible disaster of the Teutoburg Forest and vanquished the fearsome Dacians across the Danube, a feat immortalized on Trajan’s Column, as well as fighting many other tribes. In the East they overcame the Great Jewish Revolt and repeatedly contended with mixed success against the powerful Parthians. This was the army that enforced the so-called Pax Romana at the point of a gladius and maintained the greatest empire the world had yet seen. Of course, such troops were also employed to bloody effect in the many civil wars such as those of AD69, ‘the Year of the Four of the Emperors’. Gabriele Esposito describes the tactics, organization and equipment of the Roman army at the height of its powers, considered by many to be the most efficient and powerful fighting force of the ancient world. He gives an overview of the most significant campaigns and considers in detail not only the iconic legionaries but also the various auxiliary units, including cavalry. His clear, accessible text is supported by dozens of color photos of replica weapons, armor and other kit in use.

Armies of the Thracians & Dacians, 500 BC–AD 150

Gabriele Esposito
Armies of the Thracians Dacians 500 BC AD 150 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526772756

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Armies of the Thracians & Dacians, 500 BC–AD 150 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

A history of these warring armies who dominated the ancient world, with eighty detailed photos and illustrations of equipment. The Thracians, mentioned as early as the eighth century BC in Homer’s Iliad, were fundamental in the evolution of Greek military systems across the ages. They fought in the Persian Wars, were part of Alexander the Great’s army, were used as mercenaries in many Hellenistic armies, and resisted Roman conquest for a long time. In addition, they used some iconic weapons and had a distinctive panoply. The Dacians were a mix of different cultures and were extremely influenced by some steppe peoples, such as the Sarmatians. They had a lot in common with the Thracians, but had a different history. They formed one of the largest and most powerful kingdoms of antiquity, a sort of superpower that dominated over the Balkans. Their wars against Trajan and the Roman Army were absolutely epic, the last campaigns of conquest in the history of the Western Roman Empire. This book about the Thracians and Dacians features a rich collection of photos specifically created for it by reenactors.

Scythians and Sarmatians

Kathryn Hinds
Scythians and Sarmatians Book PDF

Author : Kathryn Hinds
Publisher : Marshall Cavendish
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0761445196

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Scythians and Sarmatians by Kathryn Hinds Pdf

Learn all there is to know about Scythians and Sarmatians, who played a compelling but often overlooked role in ancient history.

History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume set

Christoph Baumer
History of Central Asia The 4 volume set Book PDF

Author : Christoph Baumer
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 1568 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781838608682

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History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume set by Christoph Baumer Pdf

This set includes all four volumes of the critically acclaimed History of Central Asia series. The epic plains and arid deserts of Central Asia have witnessed some of the greatest migrations, as well as many of the most transformative developments, in the history of civilization. Christoph Baumer's ambitious four-volume treatment of the region charts the 3000-year drama of Scythians and Sarmatians; Soviets and transcontinental Silk Roads; trade routes and the transmission of ideas across the steppes; and the breathless and brutal conquests of Alexander the Great and Chinghiz Khan. Masterfully interweaving the stories of individuals and peoples, the author's engaging prose is richly augmented throughout by colour photographs taken on his own travels. This set includes The Age of the Steppe Warriors (Volume 1), The Age of the Silk Roads (Volume 2), The Age of Islam and the Mongols (Volume 3) and The Age of Decline and Revival (Volume 4)

Artistic Traditions of Inner Eurasian Cultures

Ardi Kia
Artistic Traditions of Inner Eurasian Cultures Book PDF

Author : Ardi Kia
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-24
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781666918595

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Artistic Traditions of Inner Eurasian Cultures by Ardi Kia Pdf

This book examines the cultural heritage of Inner Eurasia (Central Asia) through the arts, from prehistoric times to the ancient and medieval golden ages. The manuscript features extensive analysis of multiple Inner Eurasian cultural groups, their artistic traditions, and the development thereof throughout the region’s history.

Forgotten Peoples of the Ancient World

Philip Matyszak
Forgotten Peoples of the Ancient World Book PDF

Author : Philip Matyszak
Publisher : Thames & Hudson
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-08-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9780500775431

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Forgotten Peoples of the Ancient World by Philip Matyszak Pdf

A chronicle of forty forgotten ancient civilizations which highlights the important contributions that each has made to modern society. The ancient world of the Mediterranean and the Near East saw the birth and collapse of great civilizations. While several of these are well known, for all those that have been recorded, many have been unjustly forgotten. Our history is overflowing with different cultures that have all evolved over time, sometimes dissolving or reforming, though ultimately shaping the way we continue to live. But for every culture that has been remembered, what have we forgotten? This thorough guide explores those civilizations that have faded from the pages of our textbooks but played a significant role in the development of modern society. Forgotten Peoples of the Ancient World covers the Hyksos to the Hephthalites and everyone in between, providing a unique overview of humanity’s history from approximately 3000 BCE–550 CE. A wide range of illustrated artifacts and artworks, as well as specially drawn maps, help to tell the stories of forty lost peoples and allow readers to take a direct look into the past. Each entry exposes a diverse culture, highlighting their important contributions and committing their achievements to paper. Forgotten Peoples of the Ancient World is an immersive, thought-provoking, and entertaining book for anyone interested in ancient history.

Understanding Non-State Actors

Eran Zohar
Understanding Non State Actors Book PDF

Author : Eran Zohar
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-10-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783111065557

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Understanding Non-State Actors by Eran Zohar Pdf

Understanding Non-State Actors aims to reduce the scarcity of academic literature on armed non-state actors (NSAs) that have always been a part of world politics and wars. This monograph offers, possibly for the first time, a systematic historical review as well as a substantive theory of NSAs and their arming efforts. From the Jewish rebellions against Rome to the war between the Ukrainian separatists and the Ukrainian government, NSAs’ weapons acquisition has been vital for the build-up of their force, enabling both the employment of that force and its sustainability. While weapons are not necessarily the most important factor in military build-up, NSAs need weapons to fight, and revolts usually erupt after the organizers have acquired a certain number of weapons. Conversely, many revolts lose momentum and operations are not carried out, or turn ineffective, due to shortages of arms and ammunition. A major theme of this monograph is that in spite of dramatic political and technological changes, armed NSAs in different periods have employed similar methods to acquire weapons. Self-production, looting and stealing, external support, and the arms trade were always the major ways for NSAs to acquire weapons, though the importance of each method and the type of arms has changed remarkably over time. Understanding Non-State Actors discusses the factors – political, social, cultural, technological, and organizational – that have both facilitated and constrained the ability of NSAs to acquire arms. Especially, lecturers and students of Military, Terrorism, Conflict studies, War and peace studies will benefit from this study.

The Dacians and Getae at War

Andrei Pogacias
The Dacians and Getae at War Book PDF

Author : Andrei Pogacias
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-04-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472854520

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The Dacians and Getae at War by Andrei Pogacias Pdf

This intriguing book describes the Romans' formidably warlike enemies in modern Romania and Bulgaria – their 'most illustrated' opponents, thanks to friezes on Trajan's Column and carvings on Trajan's Adamklissi monument. Formidable warriors, able to field tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry and led by a military aristocracy, the Dacians and Getae presented a real threat to Rome's north-eastern frontier. They inflicted several defeats on Rome, crossing the Danube to invade the province of Moesia, and later stubbornly resisting counter-invasions from their strong mountain fortresses. Historians believe that the Dacians and Getae were essentially the same group of tribes during successive periods, related to Thracian tribes from territory south of the Carpathian Mountains, but their exact relationship in place and time is a subject for debate. Those called the 'Getae' by ancient Greek sources were actively expanding by at least the 4th century BC; some enlisted as mercenaries in Roman armies during the 1st century BC, and others later clashed with the army of Augustus, fighting alongside the Sarmatians. The people whom the Romans called the 'Dacians' are best known from wars against the emperors Domitian in AD 85–89 and Trajan in 101–106. At their peak, the Dacians and Getae defeated neighbouring peoples stretching from modern Slovakia to southern Ukraine and it is believed that the effectiveness of their weapons caused modifications in Roman infantry armour. Although most direct ancient sources have been lost to us, enough references remain to reconstruct a picture of their society and culture. Using previously unseen photos of archaeological finds with colour illustrations showing the appearance and weaponry of their warrior kings, noblemen, infantry and cavalry, this detailed book draws upon the latest literary and archaeological research to provide a complete account of these fascinating fighters.

Understanding War

Christian P. Potholm
Understanding War Book PDF

Author : Christian P. Potholm
Publisher : UPA
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761867746

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Understanding War by Christian P. Potholm Pdf

The third book in Professor Christian Potholm’s war trilogy (which includes Winning at War and War Wisdom), Understanding War provides a most workable bibliography dealing with the vast literature on war and warfare. As such, it provides insights into over 3000 works on this overwhelmingly extensive material. Understanding War is thus the most comprehensive annotated bibliography available today. Moreover, by dividing war material into eighteen overarching themes of analysis and fifty seminal topics, and focusing on these, Understanding War enables the reader to access and understand the broadest possible array of materials across both time and space, beginning with the earliest forms of warfare and concluding with the contemporary situation. Stimulating and thought-provoking, this volume is essential for an understanding of the breadth and depth of the vast scholarship dealing with war and warfare through human history and across cultures.

Armies of the Late Roman Empire, AD 284–476

Gabriele Esposito
Armies of the Late Roman Empire AD 284 476 Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Esposito
Publisher : Casemate Publishers
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781526730381

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Armies of the Late Roman Empire, AD 284–476 by Gabriele Esposito Pdf

An illustrated guide to the organization, structure, equipment, weapons, combat history, and tactics of the Late Roman military forces. This guide to the Late Roman Army focusses on the dramatic and crucial period that started with the accession of Diocletian and ended with the definitive fall of the Western Roman Empire. This was a turbulent period during which the Roman state and its armed forces changed. Gabriele Esposito challenges many stereotypes and misconceptions regarding the Late Roman Army; for example, he argues that the Roman military machine remained a reliable and efficient one until the very last decades of the Western Empire. The author describes the organization, structure, equipment, weapons, combat history and tactics of Late Roman military forces. The comitatenses (field armies), limitanei (frontier units), foederati (allied soldiers), bucellarii (mercenaries), scholae palatinae (mounted bodyguards), protectores (personal guards) and many other kinds of troops are covered. The book is lavishly illustrated in color, including the shield devices from the Notitia Dignitatum. The origins and causes for the final military fall of the Empire are discussed in detail, as well as the influence of the “barbarian” peoples on the Roman Army. Praise for Armies of the Late Roman Empire, AD 284–476 “An excellent introduction to the subject for the novice, and seasoned students of the subject may find it of use as well.” —The NYMAS Review “This beautifully illustrated book depicts the very different arms and armour of the late Roman Empire as Roman soldiers adapted to the challenges of the rising barbarian armies . . . Very Highly Recommended.” —Firetrench “Superbly well-illustrated . . . historians, re-enactors and war gamers will find invaluable to understanding and picturing the Roman forces.” —Hoplite Association

Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224–642

Kaveh Farrokh
Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224 642 Book PDF

Author : Kaveh Farrokh
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781782009085

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Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224–642 by Kaveh Farrokh Pdf

The Sassanians ruled the last great imperial Empire of Persia before the Arab conquests of the 7th century. Rome's only equal in the classical world, the Sassanian Empire had an enormous impact on the development of architecture, mythology, arts, music, military tactics and technology. Within the Sassanian military, the cavalry was the most influential element, and Sassanian cavalry tactics were adopted by the Romans, Arabs, and Turks. Their cavalry systems of weaponry, battle tactics, Tamgas, Medallions, court customs, and costumes influenced Romano-Byzantine and medieval European culture, and this book allows the reader to see how a little-studied eastern power affected the development of cavalry traditions in the western world.