The Solar Engine And Its Influence On Terrestrial Atmosphere And Climate

Author : Elizabeth Nesme-Ribes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642792571

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The Solar Engine and Its Influence on Terrestrial Atmosphere and Climate by Elizabeth Nesme-Ribes Pdf

The message of sunspots from the interior of the Sun to the Earth's climate When Galileo was summoned before the Inquisition on April 12, 1633, the main accusations laid against him concerned the doubts he expressed about Aristotle's theory of the universe. Aristotle's idea was that the Earth was the centre of the cosmos and that all of the stars, including the Sun, turned around it. Moreover, for Aristotle and the world of the Inquisitors, the Sun was a perfect celestial body. Now, Galileo had discovered spots on the Sun. These spots were seen as imperfections, and not just surface markings, but coming from within the Sun. Worse yet, they revolved around the Sun. All this supported the newfangled theory of Copernicus, and undermined a system of thought that had reigned supreme for centuries. Man of science that he was, and a prudent Catholic too, Galileo strived all his life to prove that Copernicus' astronomical concept was compatible with the word of the Bible. He proposed that there were not two truths but a single divine truth. It was just expressed in two different languages : there was the language of the common people, with its imprecision and inconsistencies, but intuitively understandable by everyone; and then there was the precise language of science with its strict regard for observation, which only a chosen few can grasp [L. Geymonat. 1992].

Author : Y. Calisesi,R.-M. Bonnet,L. Gray,J. Langen,M. Lockwood
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2007-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387483412

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Solar Variability and Planetary Climates by Y. Calisesi,R.-M. Bonnet,L. Gray,J. Langen,M. Lockwood Pdf

This book provides an updated overview of the processes determining the influence of solar forcing on climate. It discusses in particular the most recent developments regarding the role of aerosols in the climate system and the new insights that could be gained from the investigation of terrestrial climate analogues. The book’s structure mirrors that of the ISSI workshop held in Bern in June 2005.

Author : Rasmus E. Benestad
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540433023

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Solar Activity and Earth's Climate by Rasmus E. Benestad Pdf

In its revised 2nd edition, this book examines current understanding of the relationship between sunspots and the Earth's climate. Opening with a brief historical review, the text moves on to scrutinize the various current hypotheses. The focus is on how information on the solar cycle and Earth's climate is gathered, and includes discussion of observations, methododology and the physics involved, with the necessary statistics and analysis also provided.

Author : Judit M. Pap,Claus Fröhlich,Roger K. Ulrich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1998-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792349997

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Solar Electromagnetic Radiation Study for Solar Cycle 22 by Judit M. Pap,Claus Fröhlich,Roger K. Ulrich Pdf

Measurements of solar irradiance, both bolometric and at various wavelengths, over the last two decades have established conclusively that the solar energy flux varies on a wide range of time scales, from minutes to the 11-year solar cycle. The major question is how the solar variability influences the terrestrial climate. The Solar Electromagnetic Radiation Study for Solar Cycle 22 (SOLERS22) is an international research program operating under the auspices of the Solar-Terrestrial Energy Program (STEP) Working Group 1: `The Sun as a Source of Energy and Disturbances'. STEP is sponsored by the Scientific Committee of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP) of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). The main goal of the SOLERS22 1996 Workshop was to bring the international research community together to review the most recent results obtained from observations, theoretical interpretation, empirical and physical models of the variations in the solar energy flux and their possible impact on climate studies. These questions are essential for researchers and graduate students in solar-terrestrial physics.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Global Change
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309051484

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Solar Influences on Global Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Global Change Pdf

Are variations in the energy generated by the Sun sufficient to modify the Earth's global environment at levels comparable to expected anthropogenic changes? Debated contentiously for more than a century, this question must now be posed with new urgency: the proper specification of natural global changes is a prerequisite for detecting anthropogenic impacts. Important advances over the past decade in our knowledge of the Sun and of the terrestrial responses to solar variability provides the basis for answering this question with unprecedented surety, but significant uncertainties remain. This book addresses current monitoring and understanding of solar influences on both the climate system and the ozone layer and prioritizes the research effort that will be needed to provide a sound scientific basis for policymaking related to global change issues.

Author : Philip Mote,Alan O'Neill
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2000-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792363019

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Numerical Modeling of the Global Atmosphere in the Climate System by Philip Mote,Alan O'Neill Pdf

21. Simulating Future Climate G. J. Boer 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 2 International Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . 490 3 Simulating Historical and Future Climate 492 4 Climate Change in the 20th Century . . . 495 5 Simulating Future Climate Change 498 6 Climate Impact, Adaptation, and Mitigation 501 7 Summary . 502 Index 505 PREFACE Numerical modeling ofthe global atmosphere has entered a new era. Whereas atmospheric modeling was once the domain ofa few research units at universities or government laboratories, it can now be performed almost anywhere thanks to the affordability of computing power. Atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) are being used by a rapidly growing scientific community in a wide range of applications. With widespread interest in anthropogenic climate change, GCMs have a role also in informing policy discussions. Many of the scientists using GCMs have backgrounds in fields other than atmospheric sciences and may be unaware of how GCMs are constructed. Recognizing this explosion in the application of GCMs, we organized a two week course in order to give young scientists who are relatively new to the field of atmospheric modeling a thorough grounding in the basic principles on which GCMs are constructed, an insight into their strengths and weaknesses, and guid ance on how meaningful numerical experiments are formulated and analyzed. Sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and other institu tions, this Advanced Study Institute (ASI) took place May 25-June 5, 1998, at II Ciocco, a remote hotel on a Tuscan hillside in Italy.

Author : Antonio Marquina
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789400709737

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Environmental Challenges in the Mediterranean 2000–2050 by Antonio Marquina Pdf

This book addresses six key factors that will affect environmental policies in the Mediterranean region during the next fifty years: population growth, climate change, soil erosion and desertification, water scarcity, food production, and urbanization and pollution. The authors assess these as potential sources of violent conflict. The interdisciplinary approach makes this a relevant and useful reference for a broad range of professionals, specialists and researchers.

Author : Antonio Marquina Barrio
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2004-02-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1402019491

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Environmental Challenges in the Mediterranean 2000-2050 by Antonio Marquina Barrio Pdf

This book addresses six key factors that will affect environmental policies in the Mediterranean region during the next fifty years: population growth, climate change, soil erosion and desertification, water scarcity, food production, and urbanization and pollution. The authors assess these as potential sources of violent conflict. The interdisciplinary approach makes this a relevant and useful reference for a broad range of professionals, specialists and researchers.

Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1996-06-06
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521564360

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Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Pdf

Climatic changes, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions.

Author : Arie S. Issar,N. Brown
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401736596

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Water, Environment and Society in Times of Climatic Change by Arie S. Issar,N. Brown Pdf

Since the greenhouse effect emerged as a predictable threat, necessitating the evalu ation of its future impact on the environment in the various parts of the globe, interest in the climate changes during the Holocene has gained momentum. The background can be summarized by the sentence: The past is a key to the future. As a matter of fact, this sentence is in the opposite direction, on the dimension of time, to the principle adopted by the founders of the science of geology. They proposed that geological processes in the present should be used as a key for understanding the past. Another reason for the interest in the history of the climate of the Holocene can be described as the renaissance of a modified deterministic approach to the inter relation between physical and human geography. This relates in the first place to the fact that various investigations, especially as carried out by Hubert Lamb, showed that the sequence of climate changes previously suggested by Blytt and Sernander for Europe and adopted by most Holocene climatologists was far too general, and that there were more climate changes during recent history than previously taken account of. In the second place it was found out that these changes had had an impact on the history of human communities. Thus, one can conclude that once the taboo on geographical determinism (i. e.

Author : Giuliana Cini Castagnoli,Antonello Provenzale
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9051993587

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Past and Present Variability of the Solar-terrestrial System by Giuliana Cini Castagnoli,Antonello Provenzale Pdf

The global climate of the Earth has significantly varied over the last millennia. On a regional scale, the climate has varied and does presently vary on many different time scales, leading to a continuously changing pattern of temperatures, humidity, precipitation, with important effects on the whole terrestrial biosphere. Physicist are interested in understanding the mechanism at work by gathering data and properly analysing them, by building theoretical models and, if possible, making predictions on the future evolution of the system. Along these lines, an important question is to understand the role of the solar forcing, in order to unravel the internal mechanisms of variability of the Earth's climate from the variable forcing of the Sun. On the other hand, one can learn about the past solar variability by reading into the terrestrial archives that provide us with proxy data on the history of both the Sun and the climate. Thus, realizing that the Sun and the Earth form a closely coupled system, where the variable properties of the former may affect in many subtle ways the behaviour of the latter, is an important step toward the understanding of both.This book is explicitly devoted to these issues. First, it is important to obtain reliable data from terrestrial archives, and to properly date the records that have been measured. The first part of the book is devoted to these crucial aspects, dealing with various types of proxy data and with the difficult issue of the dating of the records. Once obtained, the data has to be interpreted. This process nowadays relies upon a plethora of data analysis methods that explicitly take into account the nonlinear nature of the system and try to elucidate the dynamics and the main processes active in the measured system. The second part of the book is devoted to the issue of data analysis and prediction. Finally, once the data has been interpreted and analyzed, theoretical models have to be built describing the dynamics of the system considered. Due to the extreme complexity of the Sun/Earth system (as well as of its components, the Sun itself and the Earth's climate), drastic simplifications in the modelling efforts have to be accepted and one has to bear in mind that the models probably are nothing more than a pale image of the real dynamics. The third part of the book is devoted to the theoretical and numerical modelling of the solar and climatic variability, and of their complex interactions. This volume gives an up-to-date view of the present state of this field.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1998-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309064156

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The Atmospheric Sciences by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Pdf

Technology has propelled the atmospheric sciences from a fledgling discipline to a global enterprise. Findings in this field shape a broad spectrum of decisionsâ€"what to wear outdoors, whether aircraft should fly, how to deal with the issue of climate change, and more. This book presents a comprehensive assessment of the atmospheric sciences and offers a vision for the future and a range of recommendations for federal authorities, the scientific community, and education administrators. How does atmospheric science contribute to national well-being? In the context of this question, the panel identifies imperatives in scientific observation, recommends directions for modeling and forecasting research, and examines management issues, including the growing problem of weather data availability. Five subdisciplinesâ€"physics, chemistry, dynamics and weather forecasting, upper atmosphere and near-earth space physics, climate and climate changeâ€"and their status as the science enters the twenty-first century are examined in detail, including recommendations for research. This readable book will be of interest to public-sector policy framers and private-sector decisionmakers as well as researchers, educators, and students in the atmospheric sciences.

Author : Kanaris Tsinganos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 770 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400902657

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Solar and Astrophysical Magnetohydrodynamic Flows by Kanaris Tsinganos Pdf

Modern observations, including recent ones with the Hubble Space Telescope, have revealed that the Universe is replete with plasma outflows from all kinds of objects, ranging from stars in all their variety to galaxies. In this masterly survey of plasma astrophysics, written by leading practitioners, the first 15 articles in Part I deal with the use of the MHD approach in several key problems of solar plasma, such as magnetoconvection and magnetic field generation, sunspots and coronal loops, magnetic nonequilibrium and coronal heating, coronal mass ejections, the acceleration of the solar wind, and stellar winds across the Main Sequence. The following 16 articles of Part II deal with the use of the same MHD approach in several central and puzzling aspects of more distant astrophysical plasmas, such as the dynamics of the interstellar medium, collimated outflows from young stellar objects and accretion disks, molecular outflows and jets associated with enigmatic binaries and symbiotic stars, relativistic flows associated with superluminal microquasars in our own galaxy, astrophysical jets from nearby galaxies, or remote active galactic nuclei and quasars, probably fuelled by supermassive black holes. The emphasis throughout is on the striking underlying similarities in the physics of all these problems. Audience: Indispensable for solar physicists and astrophysics alike. An ideal textbook for graduate students in physics and astrophysics.

Author : Douglas V. Hoyt,Kenneth H. Schatten
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1997-04-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780195357486

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The Role of the Sun in Climate Change by Douglas V. Hoyt,Kenneth H. Schatten Pdf

The luminosity of the sun governs the temperatures of the planets. Yet the solar forcing, or driving, of climate, primarily due to changes in solar radiation, has never been well documented. Recent satellite measurements have shown that solar radiation varies as a function of time and wavelength, a concept that has been hypothesized for the past two centuries and has recently become a major topic with all the attention paid to global warming. This book reviews the physics of the concept of solar forcing, from its beginnings in the early 1800's and apparent success in the 1870's, to its near demise in the 1950's and recent resurgence. Since its emphasis is on solar variations as a driver for climate change, with only a brief discussion of other mechanisms, the book will be of most interest to students in climate studies.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Cairo, Egypt
ISBN : 9789814464383

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Modern Trends in Physics Research by Anonim Pdf