The Tomb Of Meryneith At Saqqara

Author : Maarten J. Raven,René van Walsem,Willem F. M. Beex,Amanda Dunsmore,Ladislava Horáčková
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Excavations (Archaeology)
ISBN : 2503548768

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The Tomb of Meryneith at Saqqara by Maarten J. Raven,René van Walsem,Willem F. M. Beex,Amanda Dunsmore,Ladislava Horáčková Pdf

This funerary monument of a high Memphite official was discovered by a joint expedition of the Leiden Museum of Antiquities and Leiden University in 2001. Meryneith started his career as steward of the Memphite temple of the sun god Aten during the reign of the heretic pharaoh Akhenaten. During midlife, he may have joined the court set up by the Pharaoh at the new capital at Amarna. He ended his career under Tutankhamun as high-priest of the Aten in the Memphite temple again. Thereby, the importance of the tomb of Meryneith lies in the fact that for the first time it allows us to witness various stages in the rise and fall of the Amarna heresy from a Memphite point of view. Thus the tomb-owner was apparently forced to change his name from Meryneith - with its reference to the now proscribed goddess Neith - into Meryre. Several other variants of his name and some additional titles came to light, revealing various stages in his career. These stages mirror the ideological developments of the Amarna Period and its immediate aftermath, which are further illustrated by the different styles of the decoration of the tomb. This proved to be remarkably well preserved and consists of both wall-reliefs and paintings on mud plaster. Thanks to the evidence of the inscriptions, it can be observed how the tomb was built and decorated in various stages, each characterized by a marked change in style and iconography. The present report includes a full description of these wall scenes, as well as chapters on the career of the tomb-owner, on the double statue of Meryneith and his wife found in one of the west chapels, and on the objects, pottery, and skeletal material found in the course of the excavations.

Author : Jacquie Gregson,Maarten J. Raven,Rene van Walsen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 8 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:66612702

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The Tomb of Meryneith at Saqqara by Jacquie Gregson,Maarten J. Raven,Rene van Walsen Pdf

Author : Prof Dr Maarten J Raven
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9088908109

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The Tombs of Ptahemwia and Sethnakht at Saqqara by Prof Dr Maarten J Raven Pdf

An excavation report of two New Kingdom tombs at Saqqara (Egypt) dating to the reigns of Akhenaten and Tutankamun.

Author : Lara Weiss
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-21
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783110706833

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The Walking Dead at Saqqara by Lara Weiss Pdf

Funerary rituals and the cult of the dead are classics of research in religious studies, especially for ancient Egypt. Still, we know relatively little about how people interacted in daily life at the city of Memphis and its Saqqara necropolis in the late second millennium BCE. By focussing on lived ancient religion, we can see that the social and religious strategies employed by the individuals at Saqqara are not just means on the way to religious, post-mortem salvation, nor is their self-representation simply intended to manifest social status. On the contrary, the religious practices at Saqqara show in their complex spatiality a wide spectrum of options to configure sociality before and after one's own death. The analytical distinction between religion and other forms of human practices and sociality illuminates the range of cultural practices and how people selected, modified, or even avoided certain religious practices. As a result, pre-funerary, funerary and practices of the subsequent mortuary cults, in close connection with religious practices directed towards other ancestors and deities, allow the formation of imagined and functioning reminiscence clusters as central social groups at Saqqara, creating a heuristic model applicable also to other contexts.

Author : Rolf Gundlach,John H. Taylor
Publisher : Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Architecture, Egyptian
ISBN : 3447058889

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4. Symposium Zur Ägyptischen Königsideologie by Rolf Gundlach,John H. Taylor Pdf

The fourth symposium in the series on Ancient Egyptian Royal Ideology was held at the British Museum in London in 2004, taking at its theme 'Egyptian Royal Residences: Structure and Form'. The scholars who participated in this gathering approached the subject from a broad range of perspectives. They embraced all phases of history from the foundation of the Egyptian state to the Late Period, and covered a variety of interrelated topics. These included the physical layout and architectural design of palaces, the activities which happened inside, and the ideological questions raised by the status of the king - his divine, personal and institutional functions. Beginning with these focal points, the papers and discussions ranged further afield to include the roles of members of the court, their relationship with the king and their activities at the residence. The papers published in this volume focus strongly on the Middle and New Kingdoms, since it is from these periods that the richest sources of data concerning the royal residence survive. Textual sources and archaeological traces of palaces have been carefully studied in conjunction to provide new insights and to open new avenues of research.

Author : Mark Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780191089756

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Following Osiris by Mark Smith Pdf

Osiris, god of the dead, was one of ancient Egypt's most important deities. The earliest secure evidence for belief in him dates back to the fifth dynasty (c.2494-2345BC), but he continued to be worshipped until the fifth century AD. Following Osiris is concerned with ancient Egyptian conceptions of the relationship between Osiris and the deceased, or what might be called the Osirian afterlife, asking what the nature of this relationship was and what the prerequisites were for enjoying its benefits. It does not seek to provide a continuous or comprehensive account of Egyptian ideas on this subject, but rather focuses on five distinct periods in their development, spread over four millennia. The periods in question are ones in which significant changes in Egyptian ideas about Osiris and the dead are known to have occurred or where it has been argued that they did, as Egyptian aspirations for the Osirian afterlife took time to coalesce and reach their fullest form of expression. An important aim of the book is to investigate when and why such changes happened, treating religious belief as a dynamic rather than a static phenomenon and tracing the key stages in the development of these aspirations, from their origin to their demise, while illustrating how they are reflected in the textual and archaeological records. In doing so, it opens up broader issues for exploration and draws meaningful cross-cultural comparisons to ask, for instance, how different societies regard death and the dead, why people convert from one religion to another, and why they abandon belief in a god or gods altogether.

Author : Nico Staring
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 559 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004467149

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The Saqqara Necropolis through the New Kingdom by Nico Staring Pdf

This book is the first comprehensive monographic treatment of the New Kingdom (1539–1078 BCE) necropolis at Saqqara, the burial ground of the ancient Egyptian city of Memphis, and addresses questions fundamental to understanding the site’s development through time. For example, why were certain areas of the necropolis selected for burial in certain time periods; what were the tombs’ spatial relations to contemporaneous and older monuments; and what effect did earlier structures have on the positioning of tombs and structuring of the necropolis in later times? This study adopts landscape biography as a conceptual tool to study the long-time interaction between people and landscapes.

Author : Susan Redford
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-10-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781646022069

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The Tomb of Parennefer, Butler of Pharaoh Akhenaten by Susan Redford Pdf

Theban Tomb 188 is the sole archaeological site in the ancient Theban necropolis securely dated to the reign of the “heretic pharaoh” Akhenaten (1353–1336 BCE). The result of several years of clearance and recording by Dr. Susan Redford, director of the Akhenaten Temple Project’s Theban Tomb Survey, this richly illustrated book provides a detailed description of the remaining wall scenes and texts of this historically important ancient monument. In the fourteenth century BCE, Pharaoh Akhenaten attempted to institute a radical religious reform and moved his capital city to Amarna. This book publishes important evidence related to the Amarna period in ancient Egypt, specifically the plans, reliefs, and inscriptions of Theban Tomb 188, belonging to Parennefer, the tutor and butler of the king. Dr. Redford’s detailed archaeological study traces the rapid evolution of ideology, iconography, and iconoclasm, as revealed in Parennefer’s tomb. The decoration kept pace with the momentous changes in the king’s thinking, so that, when dovetailed with the pictorial evidence from the excavations of the great Gem-pa-aten temple at Karnak, it becomes possible to chronicle these rapid changes. This definitive study of the tomb of Parennefer will appeal to archaeologists, Egyptologists, historians of religion, and art historians working on the ancient Near East.

Author : Morris L. Bierbrier
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781538157503

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Historical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt by Morris L. Bierbrier Pdf

Historical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, Third Edition covers the whole range of the history of ancient Egypt from the Prehistoric Period until the end of Roman rule in Egypt based on the latest information provided by academic scholars and archaeologists. This is done through a revised introduction on the history of ancient Egypt, the dictionary section has over 1,000 dictionary entries on historical figures, geographical locations, important institutions and other facets of ancient Egyptian civilization. This is followed by two appendices one of which is a chronological table of Egyptian rulers and governors and the other a list of all known museums which contain ancient Egyptian objects. The volume ends with a detailed bibliography of Egyptian historical periods, archaeological sites, general topics such as pyramids, languages and arts and crafts and the publications of Egyptian material in museums throughout the world.

Author : Aidan Dodson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 9789774163043

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Amarna Sunset by Aidan Dodson Pdf

This new study, drawing on the latest research, tells the story of the decline and fall of the pharaoh Akhenaten's religious revolution in the fourteenth century BC. Beginning at the regime's high-point in his Year 12, it traces the subsequent collapse that saw the deaths of many of the king's loved ones, his attempts to guarantee the revolution through co-rulers, and the last frenzied assault on the god Amun. The book then outlines the events of the subsequent five decades that saw the extinction of the royal line, an attempt to place a foreigner on Egypt's throne, and the accession of three army officers in turn. Among its conclusions are that the mother of Tutankhamun was none other than Nefertiti, and that the queen was joint-pharaoh in turn with both her husband Akhenaten and her son. As such, she was herself instrumental in beginning the return to orthodoxy, undoing her erstwhile husband's life-work before her own mysterious disappearance.

Author : James Karl Hoffmeier
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199792085

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Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism by James Karl Hoffmeier Pdf

Pharaoh Akhenaten, who reigned for seventeen years in the fourteenth century B.C.E, is one of the most intriguing rulers of ancient Egypt. His odd appearance and his preoccupation with worshiping the sun disc Aten have stimulated academic discussion and controversy for more than a century. Despite the numerous books and articles about this enigmatic figure, many questions about Akhenaten and the Atenism religion remain unanswered. In Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism, James K. Hoffmeier argues that Akhenaten was not, as is often said, a radical advocating a new religion, but rather a primitivist: that is, one who reaches back to a golden age and emulates it. Akhenaten's inspiration was the Old Kingdom (2650-2400 B.C.E.), when the sun-god Re/Atum ruled as the unrivaled head of the Egyptian pantheon. Hoffmeier finds that Akhenaten was a genuine convert to the worship of Aten, the sole creator God, based on the Pharoah's own testimony of a theophany, a divine encounter that launched his monotheistic religious odyssey. The book also explores the Atenist religion's possible relationship to Israel's religion, offering a close comparison of the hymn to the Aten to Psalm 104, which has been identified by scholars as influenced by the Egyptian hymn. Through a careful reading of key texts, artworks, and archaeological studies, Hoffmeier provides compelling new insights into a religion that predated Moses and Hebrew monotheism, the impact of Atenism on Egyptian religion and politics, and the aftermath of Akhenaten's reign.

Author : Elena Luise Hertel
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781803275888

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Breaking the dšr.t Vessels by Elena Luise Hertel Pdf

‘Breaking the dšr.t-vessels’ was a funerary rite that involved the intentional damaging of a certain type of ceramic vessel. The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the rite through a re-evaluation of the primary sources and previous research and to provide the first study devoted entirely to the rite.

Author : Reg Clark
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 566 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781784913007

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Tomb Security in Ancient Egypt from the Predynastic to the Pyramid Age by Reg Clark Pdf

This book presents an in-depth analysis of the architecture of tomb security in Egypt from the Predynastic Period until the early Fourth Dynasty by extrapolating data on the security features of published tombs from the whole of Egypt and gathering it together for the first time in one accessible database.

Author : M. Victoria Almansa-Villatoro,Silvia Štubňová Nigrelli,Mark Lehner
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004459533

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In the House of Heqanakht by M. Victoria Almansa-Villatoro,Silvia Štubňová Nigrelli,Mark Lehner Pdf

In the House of Heqanakht: Text and Context in Ancient Egypt gathers Egyptological articles in honor of James P. Allen, Charles Edwin Wilbour Professor of Egyptology at Brown University.

Author : Aidan Dodson
Publisher : American University in Cairo Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781649031655

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The First Pharaohs by Aidan Dodson Pdf

A richly illustrated account of the rulers of the first three dynasties of the ancient Egyptian civilization, written by renowned Egyptologist Aidan Dodson The five centuries that followed the unification of Egypt around 3100 BC—the first three dynasties—were crucial in the evolution of the Egyptian state. During this time all the key elements of the civilization that would endure for three millennia were put in place, centered on the semidivine king himself. The First Pharaohs: Their Lives and Afterlives looks at what we know about the two-dozen kings (and one queen-regent) who ruled Egypt during this formative era, from the scanty evidence for the events of their reigns, through to their surviving monuments. It also considers how they were remembered under their successors, when some of the earliest kings’ names were attributed to allegedly ancient ideas and events, and the ways in which some of their monuments became tourist attractions or were even wholly repurposed. Aidan Dodson recounts how two centuries of modern scholarship have allowed these rulers to emerge from an oblivion so total that some archaeologists had come to doubt their very existence outside the works of ancient chroniclers. Then, within a decade at the end of the nineteenth century, archaeological discoveries revealed a whole series of tombs and other monuments that not only confirmed these rulers’ existence, but also showcased the skills of Egyptian craftsmen at the dawn of history.