The U S Army And The Negro

Author : Ulysses Lee
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 762 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1516859294

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The Employment of Negro Troops by Ulysses Lee Pdf

Recognizing that the story of Negro participation in military service during World War II was of national interest as well as of great value for future military planning, the Assistant Secretary of War in February 1944 recommended preparation of a book on this subject. The opportunity to undertake it came two years later with the assignment to the Army's Historical Division of the author, then a captain and a man highly qualified by training and experience to write such a work. After careful examination of the sources and reflection Captain Lee concluded that it would be impracticable to write a comprehensive and balanced history about Negro soldiers in a single volume. His plan, formally approved in August 1946, was to focus his own work on the development of Army policies in the use of Negroes in military service and on the problems associated with the execution of these policies at home and abroad, leaving to the authors of other volumes in the Army's World War II series, then taking shape, the responsibility for covering activities of Negroes in particular topical areas. This definition of the author's objective is needed in order to understand why he has described his work "in no sense a history of Negro troops in World War II." Writing some years ago, he explained: "The purpose of the present volume is to bring together the significant experience of the Army in dealing with an important national question: the full use of the human resources represented by that 10 percent of national population that is Negro. It does not attempt to follow, in narrative form, the participation of Negro troops in the many branches, commands, and units of the Army. . . . A fully descriptive title for the present volume, in the nineteenth century manner, would read: 'The U.S. Army and Its Use of Negro Troops in World War II: Problems in the Development and Application of Policy with Some Attention to the Results, Public and Military.'" Thus, in accordance with his objective, the author gives considerably more attention to the employment of Negroes as combat soldiers than to their use as service troops overseas. Even though a large majority of the Negroes sent overseas saw duty in service rather than in combat units, their employment in service forces did not present the same number or degree of problems.

Author : US Army Military History Research Collection,John Slonaker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : African American soldiers
ISBN : UGA:32108024718390

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The U.S. Army and the Negro by US Army Military History Research Collection,John Slonaker Pdf

Author : US Army Military History Research Collection,John Slonaker
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : African American soldiers
ISBN : IND:30000129629923

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The U.S. Army and the Negro by US Army Military History Research Collection,John Slonaker Pdf

Author : Emmett Jay Scott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1919
Category : African American soldiers
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035349658

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Scott's Official History of the American Negro in the World War by Emmett Jay Scott Pdf

"A complete account from official sources of the participation of African Americans in World War I including their involvement in war work organizations like the Red Cross, YMCA, and the war camp community service. The text includes an official summary of the treaty of peace and League of Nations covenant. With the entry of the United States into the Great War in 1917, African Americans were eager to show their patriotism in hopes of being recognized as full citizens. However, they were barred from the Marines, the Aviation unit of the Army, and served only in menial roles in the Navy. Despite their poor treatment, African-American soldiers provided much support overseas to the European Allies as well as at home" -- Bookseller's description.

Author : William Allison Sweeney
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-21
Category : History
ISBN : EAN:8596547417767

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History of the American Negro in the Great World War by William Allison Sweeney Pdf

William Allison Sweeney's 'History of the American Negro in the Great World War' offers a comprehensive overview of African Americans' pivotal contributions during the First World War. Drawing upon official War Department records, Sweeney's detailed narrative not only encapsulates the valiant efforts of black soldiers in battle but also includes commendations from French and American military leaders. Notably, Sweeney's prose weaves a poignant tale within the broader literary context, correcting the oversight of these contributions in many historical texts, thus providing a more inclusive recount of the war. The text is both scholarly in its attention to detail and evocative in its literary execution, encapsulating an essential part of American history that is all too often neglected. William Allison Sweeney, in penning this significant tome, aimed to bring to light the underrepresented history of African American soldiers during WWI. A writer with a profound interest in the narratives of the Black community, Sweeney's work is a tribute to the valor and commitment of these soldiers. His effort to consult official records and include authoritative testimonials underscores his dedication to presenting an accurate and respectful account, one that would serve as a corrective to previously incomplete histories of the war. Sweeney's text is a crucial read for those seeking to understand the full spectrum of American participation in the Great War. It stands not only as a historical document but also as a testament to valor and sacrifice, one that should be part of any comprehensive study on the First World War. Readers interested in military history, African American studies, and American history, in general, will find 'History of the American Negro in the Great World War' a profound addition to their collection, offering a narrative that is as informative as it is inspiring.

Author : John David Smith
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2005-10-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807875995

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Black Soldiers in Blue by John David Smith Pdf

Inspired and informed by the latest research in African American, military, and social history, the fourteen original essays in this book tell the stories of the African American soldiers who fought for the Union cause. An introductory essay surveys the history of the U.S. Colored Troops (USCT) from emancipation to the end of the Civil War. Seven essays focus on the role of the USCT in combat, chronicling the contributions of African Americans who fought at Port Hudson, Milliken's Bend, Olustee, Fort Pillow, Petersburg, Saltville, and Nashville. Other essays explore the recruitment of black troops in the Mississippi Valley; the U.S. Colored Cavalry; the military leadership of Colonels Thomas Higginson, James Montgomery, and Robert Shaw; African American chaplain Henry McNeal Turner; the black troops who occupied postwar Charleston; and the experiences of USCT veterans in postwar North Carolina. Collectively, these essays probe the broad military, political, and social significance of black soldiers' armed service, enriching our understanding of the Civil War and African American life during and after the conflict. The contributors are Anne J. Bailey, Arthur W. Bergeron Jr., John Cimprich, Lawrence Lee Hewitt, Richard Lowe, Thomas D. Mays, Michael T. Meier, Edwin S. Redkey, Richard Reid, William Glenn Robertson, John David Smith, Noah Andre Trudeau, Keith Wilson, and Robert J. Zalimas Jr.

Author : Joseph Thomas Wilson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1888
Category : United States
ISBN : UOM:39015070224517

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The Black Phalanx by Joseph Thomas Wilson Pdf

A history of African-American soldiers during the U.S. Revolutionary War, the War of 1812, and especially the U.S. Civil War.

Author : George Washington Williams
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780823233878

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A History of the Negro Troops in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865 by George Washington Williams Pdf

A History of the Negro Troops in the War of the Rebellion, 1861–1865 (originally published in 1888) by pioneer African American historian George Washington Williams remains a classic text in African American literature and Civil War history. In this powerful narrative, Williams, who served in the U.S. Colored Troops, tells the battle experiences of the almost 200,000 black men who fought for the Union cause. Determined to document the contributions of his fellow black soldiers and to underscore the valor and manhood of his race, Williams gathered his material from the official records of U.S. and foreign governments and from the orderly books and personal recollections of officers commanding Negro troops during the American Civil War. The new edition of this important text includes an introductory essay by the award-winning historian John David Smith. In his essay, Smith narrates and evaluates the book’s contents, analyzes its reception by contemporary critics, and evaluates Williams’s work within the context of its day and its place in current historiography.

Author : Edward A. Johnson
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2022-11-22
Category : Fiction
ISBN : EAN:8596547411758

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History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, and Other Items of Interest by Edward A. Johnson Pdf

The following title is a non-fiction book covering the history of how African-Americans served as soldiers during the Spanish-American war. They saw it as a way to advance the cause of equality, service to the country, hopefully helping to gain political and public respect amongst the wider population. They served in various military branches and had their own regiments, and those who served in the Army were said to have gained prestige from their wartime performance. This book was written by Edward A. Johnson, an attorney who became the first African-American member of the New York state legislature.

Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : History
ISBN : 0788126458

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Black Americans in Defense of Our Nation by DIANE Publishing Company Pdf

Covers every war fought by the U.S. Includes: both men and women, black recipients of the medals of honor, black military role models, graduates of the military service academies, statistical factors on blacks in the military, black civilian workforce in the DoD, and much more. Encyclopedic! Over 200 photos, including: General Colin L. Powell, Brig. Gen. Hazel W. Johnson, Gen. Roscoe Robinson, Jr., Brig. Gen. Marcelite J. Harris, Gen. Bernard P. Randolph, Astronaut Mae. C. Jemison, Lt. Col. Thomas L. Bain, Brig. Gen. Sherian G. Cadoria.

Author : Elliott Vanveltner Converse
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 0786402776

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The Exclusion of Black Soldiers from the Medal of Honor in World War II by Elliott Vanveltner Converse Pdf

The purpose of this study, commissioned by the Army, was to document the process by which the Congressional Medal of Honor was awarded from December 7, 1941, through September 1, 1948; to identify units in which African Americans served; to identify by name all black soldiers whose names were submitted for the medal and to document any errors in the processing of their nominations; and to compile a list of all black soldiers who received the Distinguished Service Cross, the second highest award. Based on this work, in January 1997 President Clinton awarded seven African Americans the Medal of Honor. The authors were selected by Shaw University of Raleigh, North Carolina, to conduct this study under a United States Army contract.

Author : John Virtue
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781476600390

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The Black Soldiers Who Built the Alaska Highway by John Virtue Pdf

This is the first detailed account of the 5,000 black troops who were reluctantly sent north by the United States Army during World War II to help build the Alaska Highway and install the companion Canol pipeline. Theirs were the first black regiments deployed outside the lower 48 states during the war. The enlisted men, most of them from the South, faced racial discrimination from white officers, were barred from entering any towns for fear they would procreate a "mongrel" race with local women, and endured winter conditions they had never experienced before. Despite this, they won praise for their dedication and their work. Congress in 2005 said that the wartime service of the four regiments covered here contributed to the eventual desegregation of the Armed Forces.

Author : Kevin M. Levin
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9781469653273

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Searching for Black Confederates by Kevin M. Levin Pdf

More than 150 years after the end of the Civil War, scores of websites, articles, and organizations repeat claims that anywhere between 500 and 100,000 free and enslaved African Americans fought willingly as soldiers in the Confederate army. But as Kevin M. Levin argues in this carefully researched book, such claims would have shocked anyone who served in the army during the war itself. Levin explains that imprecise contemporary accounts, poorly understood primary-source material, and other misrepresentations helped fuel the rise of the black Confederate myth. Moreover, Levin shows that belief in the existence of black Confederate soldiers largely originated in the 1970s, a period that witnessed both a significant shift in how Americans remembered the Civil War and a rising backlash against African Americans' gains in civil rights and other realms. Levin also investigates the roles that African Americans actually performed in the Confederate army, including personal body servants and forced laborers. He demonstrates that regardless of the dangers these men faced in camp, on the march, and on the battlefield, their legal status remained unchanged. Even long after the guns fell silent, Confederate veterans and other writers remembered these men as former slaves and not as soldiers, an important reminder that how the war is remembered often runs counter to history.

Author : Richard M. Dalfiume
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105001982300

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Desegregation of the U.S. Armed Forces by Richard M. Dalfiume Pdf

"During the years between 1939 and 1953 the United States armed forces moved from a policy of restricting and segregating the Negro soldier, based largely on racial stereotypes that emerged from World War I, to a policy of equal opportunity and integration. Most writers point to 1954 or later as the origin of the Negro Revolution; however, this history of what was in the past an important issue for black Americans sheds light on the 'forgotten years' of the Negro Revolution, particularly World War II. The war's democratic rhetoric had a great impact on the nation's largest minority, a fact overlooked by most scholars. The hypocritical position of the United States - fighting with a racially segregated armed forces to uphold the four freedoms and to defeat an enemy preaching a master race ideology - provided Negro Americans with a clear illustration of the difference between the American creed and practice, and a powerful argument in their struggle for equality. The postwar era made it impossible for the Federal Government and the American people to ignore the race issue any longer. The Truman Administrations' legislative proposals and actions in the field of Negro rights set the pattern for a continuing federal improvement. No longer was it the Federal Government's policy to condone or extend segregation. Of the Truman Administrations' precedent-breaking actions in this area, desegregation of the armed forces was among the first. The President, as Commander-in-chief, could move in this area without legislation from a reluctant Congress. Truman's Executive Order 9981 of July, 1948, which established the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, was one of the first federal actions against the separate-but-equal doctrine, coming six years before the 1954 school desegregation decision of the Supreme Court. A reluctant Army was finally convinced of the wisdom of desegregation when the new policy proved a success in the Korean War, a success that provided a powerful argument for those who sought an end to segregation in the United States. This was truly a social revolution, and the result is indicated by the fact that to this day the armed forces remain the most integrated institution in American society"--Jacket.

Author : Edwin S. Redkey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1992-11-27
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9781107782464

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A Grand Army of Black Men by Edwin S. Redkey Pdf

The Civil War stands vivid in the collective memory of the American public. There has always been a profound interest in the subject, and specifically the participation of black Americans in and reactions to the war and the war's outcome. Almost 200,000 African-American soldiers fought for the Union in the Civil War. Although most were illiterate ex-slaves, several thousand were well-educated, free black men from the northern states. The 176 letters in this collection were written by black soldiers in the Union army during the Civil War to black and abolitionist newspapers. They provide a unique expression of the black voice that was meant for a public forum. The letters tell of the men's experiences, their fears and their hopes. They describe in detail their army days - the excitement of combat and the drudgery of digging trenches. Some letters give vivid descriptions of battle; others protest against racism; still others call eloquently for civil rights. Many describe their conviction that they are fighting not only to free the slaves but to earn equal rights as citizens. These letters give an extraordinary picture of the war and also reveal the bright expectations, hopes, and ultimately the demands that black soldiers had for the future - for themselves and for their race. As first-person documents of the Civil War, the letters are strong statements of the American dream of justice and equality, and of the human spirit.