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Surprisingly little known, the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-20 was to change the course of twentieth-century history. In White Eagle, Red Star, Norman Davies gives a full account of the War, with its dramatic climax in August 1920 when the Red Army - sure of victory and pledged to carry the Revolution across Europe to 'water our horses on the Rhine' - was crushed by a devastating Polish attack. Since known as the 'miracle on the Vistula', it remains one of the most decisive battles of the Western world. Drawing on both Polish and Russian sources, Norman Davies illustrates the narrative with documentary material which hitherto has not been readily available and shows how the War was far more an 'episode' in East European affairs, but largely determined the course of European history for the next twenty years or more.
'The White Eagle of Poland' by E.F. Benson is a comprehensive analysis of the complex issue of reconstructing a free Polish state after World War I. The book explores how Poland can act as a crucial barrier to prevent Germany from expanding eastward and dominating the world. The author describes the partitions of Poland and the nationalities it was composed of before the war, to show why Poland's independence is crucial. The book also delves into the internal conditions of the Russian Kingdom of Poland during the war, which the occupying powers complicated.
Poland, Land of the White Eagle by Capt. Edward C. Corsi Pdf
“UNTIL the Treaty of Versailles the Polish nation was without a country. For more than a century the buffer-state of Central Europe had no representation on the map. Today when the area, population and resources must be recognized and her strategic position taken into account, Poland remains to many people of the Western world merely the name of a country. That is the reason for this book. It is not intended as a history of Poland nor yet is it an exhaustive treatise on the cultural or economic conditions of the country. It is written rather to bring before the reader data and facts about Poland, interesting facts about a country that is both ancient and new; facts about a people whose history goes back to the twilight of fable; facts about a people who left an indelible mark on the pages of European history. “From her earliest days Poland possessed a world of folklore and legends which with her growth as a nation closely united with her history, have become a part of the everyday life of her people. These legends, to some extent, explain the patriotism and love of their country which is one of the chief characteristics of the Poles. “It is the hope of the author that this book will prove as interesting and entertaining to the reader as was his contact with this fascinating country and its people.”
In 1944, the Nazis razed Warsaw’s historic Cathedral of St. John the Baptist. “They knew that the strength of the Polish nation was rooted in the Cross, Christ’s Passion, the spirit of the Gospels, and the invincible Church,” argued Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński in a letter celebrating the building’s subsequent reconstruction. “To weaken and destroy the nation, they knew they must first deprive it of its Christian spirit.” Wyszynski insisted that Catholicism was an integral component of Polish history, culture, and national identity. The faithfulness of the Polish people fortified them during times of trial and inspired much that was noble and good in their endeavors. Filling a sizable gap in the literature, White Eagle, Black Madonna is a systematic study of the Catholic Church in Poland and among the Polish diaspora. Polish Catholicism has not been particularly well understood outside of Poland, and certainly not in the Anglophone world, until now. Demonstrating an unparalleled mastery of the topic, Robert E. Alvis offers an illuminating vantage point on the dynamic tension between centralization and diversity that long has characterized the Catholic Church’s history. Written in clear, concise, accessible language, the book sheds light on the relevance of the Polish Catholic tradition for the global Catholic Church, a phenomenon that has been greatly enhanced by Pope John Paul II, whose theology, ecclesiology, and piety were shaped profoundly by his experiences in Poland, and those experiences in turn shaped the course of his long and influential pontificate. Offering a new resource for understanding the historical development of Polish Catholicism, White Eagle, Black Madonna emphasizes the people, places, events, and ritual actions that have animated the tradition and that still resonate among Polish Catholics today. From the baptism of Duke Mieszko in 966 to the controversial burial of President Lech Kaczyński in 2010, the Church has accompanied the Polish people during their long and often tumultuous history. While often controversial, Catholicism’s influence over Poland’s political, social, and cultural life has been indisputably profound.
White Eagles by Bartłomiej Belcarz,Robert Peczkowski Pdf
Polish fliers had to fight for their existence from the chaotic beginnings in the aftermath of World War I, through the Nazi and Soviet juggernauts in September 1939. In White Eagles the authors describe, squadron by squadron in enormous detail, exactly how the well trained but isolated Poles fought bitterly against their invaders. Using outdated tactics and old equipment, they proved to be the most successful and courageous airmen to defend England during the summer of 1940.
Sons of the White Eagle in the American Civil War by Mark F. Bielski Pdf
A chronicle of battle and bravery in the Civil War, as Polish officers who had lost their own country remained determined to fight for their new one, and for the ideals they had always upheld, whether freedom or independence, or whether North or South . . .
The Second World War gripped Poland as it did no other country in Europe. Invaded by both Germany and the Soviet Union, it remained under occupation by foreign armies from the first day of the war to the last. The conflict was brutal, as Polish armies battled the enemy on four different fronts. It was on Polish soil that the architects of the Final Solution assembled their most elaborate network of extermination camps, culminating in the deliberate destruction of millions of lives, including three million Polish Jews. In The Eagle Unbowed, Halik Kochanski tells, for the first time, the story of Poland's war in its entirety, a story that captures both the diversity and the depth of the lives of those who endured its horrors. Most histories of the European war focus on the Allies' determination to liberate the continent from the fascist onslaught. Yet the "good war" looks quite different when viewed from Lodz or Krakow than from London or Washington, D.C. Poland emerged from the war trapped behind the Iron Curtain, and it would be nearly a half-century until Poland gained the freedom that its partners had secured with the defeat of Hitler. Rescuing the stories of those who died and those who vanished, those who fought and those who escaped, Kochanski deftly reconstructs the world of wartime Poland in all its complexity-from collaboration to resistance, from expulsion to exile, from Warsaw to Treblinka. The Eagle Unbowed provides in a single volume the first truly comprehensive account of one of the most harrowing periods in modern history.
The Crowned White Eagle by Anthony P. Kowalski Pdf
After eight centuries of growth, the Polish nation was annihilated by its neighbors from east, south and west. Two centuries of repression, enslavement and barbaric abuse followed. Yet the aspiration for freedom and democracy endured in the hearts of its people. Today the crowned white eagle again soars. Kowalski interweaves personal stories of his family and friends in a unique testimony to courage, bravery, and renewed hope.
The White Eagle of Poland by E. F. (Edward Frederic) 1867-19 Benson Pdf
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Sons of the White Eagle in the American Civil War by Mark F. Bielski Pdf
The untold stories of nine Polish Americans who bravely fought in the Civil War—includes photographs, maps, and illustrations. This unique history chronicles the lives of nine Polish American immigrants who fought in the Civil War. Spanning three generations, they are connected by the White Eagle—the Polish coat of arms—and by a shared history in which their home country fell to ruin at the end of the previous century. Still, each carried a belief in freedom that they inherited from their forefathers. More highly trained in warfare than their American brethren—and more inured to struggles for nationhood—the Poles made significant contributions to the armies they served. The first group had fought in the 1830 war for freedom from the Russian Empire. The European revolutionary struggles of the 1840s molded the next generation. The two youngest came of age just as the Civil War began, entering military service as enlisted men and finishing as officers. Of the group, four sided with the North and four with the South, and the ninth began in the Confederate cavalry and finished fighting for the Union side. Whether for the North or the South, they fought for their ideals in America’s greatest conflict. Nominated for the Gilder Lehrman Prize.
Legacy of the White Eagle by Julian Eugene Kulski,Gary Rowe,Krzysztof Wojciechowski,Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie Pdf
Legacy of the White Eagle is the true story of author Julian E. Kulski's childhood resistance to Germany's occupation of his native Poland in World War II. When the Nazi invasion in 1939 shattered Poland's democratic government and Kulski's Christian family, Kulski swore an oath of secrecy and became a freedom fighter at the age of 12. He struggled against the occupation and survived as a prisoner of war until American soldiers rescued him from a German prison camp at age 16. A handful of maps and black-and-white illustrations enhance Legacy of the White Eagle, as does an accompanying DVD with videotaped interviews with Kulski and surviving freedom fighters in Warsaw, and also a teacher's guide recommending topics for students' research.
‘The White Eagle’ is a work of historical fiction in the backdrop of wartime Poland, specifically the ghettos of World War II. As a work of historical fiction, there is serious historical research involved on matters such as the genesis of Soviet-Polish antagonism and the events that led to the invasion of Poland in 1939. But ultimately, this is a story of ultimate human courage and sacrifice. The protagonist, Irena Sendler, was a hero of the Polish Resistance. She was a Polish Catholic social worker who along with nine of her associates smuggled Jewish children out of the ghetto and placed them with convents and foster families. She risked her life and saved the lives of more than 2,500 children from imminent death and gave them a new life. The children saved by her are known as “Irena Sendler’s Children”. Using the known historical facts about her life as a scaffolding, the author fills in the blanks. The result is a gripping story – an adventure story of magnificent, operatic proportions.
