The Workshop And The World What Ten Thinkers Can Teach Us About Science And Authority

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The Workshop and the World: What Ten Thinkers Can Teach Us About Science and Authority

Robert P. Crease
The Workshop and the World What Ten Thinkers Can Teach Us About Science and Authority Book PDF

Author : Robert P. Crease
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780393292442

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The Workshop and the World: What Ten Thinkers Can Teach Us About Science and Authority by Robert P. Crease Pdf

A fascinating look at key thinkers throughout history who have shaped public perception of science and the role of authority. When does a scientific discovery become accepted fact? Why have scientific facts become easy to deny? And what can we do about it? In The Workshop and the World, philosopher and science historian Robert P. Crease answers these questions by describing the origins of our scientific infrastructure—the “workshop”—and the role of ten of the world’s greatest thinkers in shaping it. At a time when the Catholic Church assumed total authority, Francis Bacon, Galileo Galilei, and René Descartes were the first to articulate the worldly authority of science, while writers such as Mary Shelley and Auguste Comte told cautionary tales of divorcing science from the humanities. The provocative leaders and thinkers Kemal Atatürk and Hannah Arendt addressed the relationship between the scientific community and the public in in times of deep distrust. As today’s politicians and government officials increasingly accuse scientists of dishonesty, conspiracy, and even hoaxes, engaged citizens can’t help but wonder how we got to this level of distrust and how we can emerge from it. This book tells dramatic stories of individuals who confronted fierce opposition—and sometimes risked their lives—in describing the proper authority of science, and it examines how ignorance and misuse of science constitute the preeminent threat to human life and culture. An essential, timely exploration of what it means to practice science for the common good as well as the danger of political action divorced from science, The Workshop and the World helps us understand both the origins of our current moment of great anti-science rhetoric and what we can do to help keep the modern world from falling apart.

Shaping the Future with STEM Instruction

Dennis Adams,Mary Hamm
Shaping the Future with STEM Instruction Book PDF

Author : Dennis Adams,Mary Hamm
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-15
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781475856736

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Shaping the Future with STEM Instruction by Dennis Adams,Mary Hamm Pdf

This book builds on an interdisciplinary approach that combines two or more of the STEM subjects. The goal is to help students see the relationship among science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Useful ideas, activities, and lesson plans are part of the package. It is up to the teachers to encourage students to apply STEM knowledge to interesting real-world problems. Motivating ideas and activities are presented in this book. Teacher/student friendly suggestions build on collaboration, communication, critical thinking, and creativity. Creating a STEM culture in the classroom can help students learn the qualities that must be cultivated in a technology-intensive world. Innovations that radiate from the STEM subjects are driven by intellectual curiosity and the ability to act on beliefs. The future is something we can and should influence. Understanding of the STEM subjects is key to making a positive difference.

The State of Science

Marc Zimmer
The State of Science Book PDF

Author : Marc Zimmer
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781633886407

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The State of Science by Marc Zimmer Pdf

New research and innovations in the field of science are leading to life-changing and world-altering discoveries like never before. What does the horizon of science look like? Who are the scientists that are making it happen? And, how are we to introduce these revolutions to a society in which a segment of the population has become more and more skeptical of science? Climate change is the biggest challenge facing our nation, and scientists are working on renewable energy sources, meat alternatives, and carbon dioxide sequestration. At the same time, climate change deniers and the politicization of funding threaten their work. CRISPR, (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) repurposes bacterial defense systems to edit genes, which can change the way we live, but also presents real ethical problems. Optogenetics will help neuroscientists map complicated neural circuitry deep inside the brain, shedding light on treating Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Zimmer also investigates phony science ranging from questionable “health” products to the fervent anti-vaccination movement. Zimmer introduces readers to the real people making these breakthroughs. Concluding with chapters on the rise of women in STEM fields, the importance of US immigration policies to science, and new, unorthodox ways of DIY science and crowdsource funding, The State of Science shows where science is, where it is heading, and the scientists who are at the forefront of progress.

The Blind Spot

Adam Frank,Marcelo Gleiser,Evan Thompson
The Blind Spot Book PDF

Author : Adam Frank,Marcelo Gleiser,Evan Thompson
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2024-03-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262048804

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The Blind Spot by Adam Frank,Marcelo Gleiser,Evan Thompson Pdf

A compelling argument for including the human perspective within science, and for how human experience makes science possible. It’s tempting to think that science gives us a God’s-eye view of reality. But we neglect the place of human experience at our peril. In The Blind Spot, astrophysicist Adam Frank, theoretical physicist Marcelo Gleiser, and philosopher Evan Thompson call for a revolutionary scientific worldview, where science includes—rather than ignores or tries not to see—humanity’s lived experience as an inescapable part of our search for objective truth. The authors present science not as discovering an absolute reality but rather as a highly refined, constantly evolving form of human experience. They urge practitioners to reframe how science works for the sake of our future in the face of the planetary climate crisis and increasing science denialism. Since the dawn of the Enlightenment, humanity has looked to science to tell us who we are, where we come from, and where we’re going, but we’ve gotten stuck thinking we can know the universe from outside our position in it. When we try to understand reality only through external physical things imagined from this outside position, we lose sight of the necessity of experience. This is the Blind Spot, which the authors show lies behind our scientific conundrums about time and the origin of the universe, quantum physics, life, AI and the mind, consciousness, and Earth as a planetary system. The authors propose an alternative vision: scientific knowledge is a self-correcting narrative made from the world and our experience of it evolving together. To finally “see” the Blind Spot is to awaken from a delusion of absolute knowledge and to see how reality and experience intertwine. The Blind Spot goes where no science book goes, urging us to create a new scientific culture that views ourselves both as an expression of nature and as a source of nature’s self-understanding, so that humanity can flourish in the new millennium.

The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics

Gil Eyal,Thomas Medvetz
The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics Book PDF

Author : Gil Eyal,Thomas Medvetz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780190848927

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The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics by Gil Eyal,Thomas Medvetz Pdf

In the last several decades, there has been a surge of interest in expertise in the social scientific, philosophical, and legal literatures. While it is tempting to attribute this surge of interest in expertise to the emergence and consolidation of a "knowledge society," "post-industrial society," or "network society," it is more likely that the debates about expertise are symptomatic of significant change and upheaval. As the number of contenders for expert status has increased, as the bases for their claims have become more diverse, and as the struggles between these would-be experts intensified, expertise became problematic and contested. In The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics, Gil Eyal and Thomas Medvetz have brought together a broad group of scholars who have engaged substantively and theoretically with debates regarding the nature of expertise and the social roles of experts to examine these areas within sociology and allied disciplines. The analyses take an historical and relational approach to the topic and are motivated by the sense that growing mistrust in experts represents a danger to democratic politics today. The chapters will be organized into three general parts: key theoretical and historical debates, the politics of expertise, and expertise within and across professional, disciplinary, legal, and intellectual spheres. Among the topics considered here are the value and relevance of the boundary between experts and laypeople; the causes and consequences of mistrust in experts; the meanings and social uses of objectivity; and the significance of recent transformations in the organization of the professions. Bringing together investigations from social scientists, philosophers, and legal scholars into the political dimensions of expertise, this Handbook connects interdisciplinary work done in science and technology studies with the more classic concerns, topics, and concepts of sociologists of professions and intellectuals.

Rethinking Environmental Law

Laitos, Jan G.
Rethinking Environmental Law Book PDF

Author : Laitos, Jan G.
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781788976039

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Rethinking Environmental Law by Laitos, Jan G. Pdf

Challenging historic assumptions about human relationships with nature, Jan G. Laitos examines how environmental laws have addressed environmental problems in the past, and the reasons for the laws' inability to successfully prevent environmental contamination and alterations of critical environmental systems. This forward-thinking book offers a creative and organic alternative to traditional but ultimately unsuccessful environmental rules. It explains the need for a new generation of environmental laws grounded in the universal laws of nature which might succeed where past and current approaches have largely failed.

How Social Science Got Better

Matt Grossmann
How Social Science Got Better Book PDF

Author : Matt Grossmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : SOCIAL SCIENCE
ISBN : 9780197518977

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How Social Science Got Better by Matt Grossmann Pdf

"Social science research is facing mounting criticism, as canonical studies fail to replicate, questionable research practices abound, and researcher social and political biases come under fire. Far from crisis, however, social science is undergoing an unparalleled renaissance of ever-broader and deeper understanding and application-made possible by close attention to criticism of our biases and open public engagement. Wars between scientists and their humanist critics, methodological disputes over statistical practice and qualitative research, and disciplinary battles over grand theories of human nature have all quietly died down as new generations of scholars have integrated the insights of multiple sides. Rather than deny that researcher biases affect results, scholars now closely analyze how our racial, gender, geographic, methodological, political, and ideological differences impact our research questions, how the incentives of academia influence our research practices, and how universal human desires to avoid uncomfortable truths and easily solve problems affect our conclusions. To be sure, misaligned incentive structures remain, but a messy, collective deliberation across the research community is boosting self-knowledge and improving practice. Ours is an unprecedented age of theoretical diversity, open and connected data, and public scholarship. How Social Science Got Better documents and explains recent transformations, crediting both internal and public critics for strengthening social science. Applying insights from the philosophy, history, and sociology of science and providing new data on trends in social science research and scholarly views, it demonstrates that social science has never been more relevant, rigorous, or self-reflective"--

Between Making And Knowing: Tools In The History Of Materials Research

Joseph D Martin,Cyrus Mody
Between Making And Knowing Tools In The History Of Materials Research Book PDF

Author : Joseph D Martin,Cyrus Mody
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 621 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811207648

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Between Making And Knowing: Tools In The History Of Materials Research by Joseph D Martin,Cyrus Mody Pdf

This book is indexed in Chemical Abstracts ServiceThis book offers a comprehensive sketch of the tools used in material research and the rich and diverse stories of how those tools came to be. We aim to give readers a sense of what tools materials researchers required in the late 20th century, and how those tools were developed and became accessible. The book is in a sense a collective biography of the components of what the philosopher of science, Ian Hacking, calls the 'instrumentarium' of materials research. Readers should gain an appreciation of the work materials researchers put into developing and using such tools, and of the tremendous variety of such tools. They should also gain some insight into the material (and hence financial) prerequisites for materials research. Materials research requires funding for the availability and maintenance of its tools; and the category of tools encompasses a broad range of substances, apparatus, institutions, and infrastructure.Between Nature and Society: Biographies of Materials (Part of A World Scientific Encyclopedia of the Development and History of Materials Science)

Postphenomenology and Imaging

Samantha J. Fried,Robert Rosenberger
Postphenomenology and Imaging Book PDF

Author : Samantha J. Fried,Robert Rosenberger
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-07-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781793604569

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Postphenomenology and Imaging by Samantha J. Fried,Robert Rosenberger Pdf

How should we understand the experience of encountering and interpreting images? What are their roles in science and medicine? How do they shape everyday life? Postphenomenology and Imaging: How to Read Technology brings together scholars from multiple disciplines to investigate these questions. The contributors make use of the “postphenomenological” philosophical perspective, applying its distinctive ideas to the study of how images are experienced. These essays offer both philosophical analysis of our conception of images and empirical studies of imaging practice. Edited by Samantha J. Fried and Robert Rosenberger, this collection includes an extensive “primer” chapter introducing and expanding the postphenomenological account of imaging, as well as a set of short pieces by “critical respondents”: prominent scholars who may not self-identify as doing postphenomenology but whose adjacent work is illuminating.

Editing for Sensitivity, Diversity and Inclusion

Renée Otmar
Editing for Sensitivity Diversity and Inclusion Book PDF

Author : Renée Otmar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009154659

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Editing for Sensitivity, Diversity and Inclusion by Renée Otmar Pdf

Editors should approach their work with an informed worldview, ensuring that harmful stereotypes, cultural insensitivities and inaccurate information are avoided. Knowing how to do so - and what to replace them with - can be tricky. Editing for Sensitivity, Diversity and Inclusion is a guide for professional editors, providing evidence-based definitions, recommendations and support for emerging and experienced editors working with fiction and non-fiction genres. Part One introduces the foundations of professional editing and what editors need to know to conduct themselves well in professional contexts. Part Two applies this knowledge to professional practice, covering topics such as plagiarism, literary and cultural appropriation, critical appraisal, and developing a workplace policy and style guide. Part Three explores an extensive range of topics relevant to editing for sensitivity, diversity and inclusion, including addiction, dependence and recovery; class and socio-economic status; indigeneity; religious, spiritual and other belief systems; sex and gender identity; and trauma and torture.

Bedeviled

Jimena Canales
Bedeviled Book PDF

Author : Jimena Canales
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691241685

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Bedeviled by Jimena Canales Pdf

How scientists through the ages have conducted thought experiments using imaginary entities—demons—to test the laws of nature and push the frontiers of what is possible Science may be known for banishing the demons of superstition from the modern world. Yet just as the demon-haunted world was being exorcized by the enlightening power of reason, a new kind of demon mischievously materialized in the scientific imagination itself. Scientists began to employ hypothetical beings to perform certain roles in thought experiments—experiments that can only be done in the imagination—and these impish assistants helped scientists achieve major breakthroughs that pushed forward the frontiers of science and technology. Spanning four centuries of discovery—from René Descartes, whose demon could hijack sensorial reality, to James Clerk Maxwell, whose molecular-sized demon deftly broke the second law of thermodynamics, to Darwin, Einstein, Feynman, and beyond—Jimena Canales tells a shadow history of science and the demons that bedevil it. She reveals how the greatest scientific thinkers used demons to explore problems, test the limits of what is possible, and better understand nature. Their imaginary familiars helped unlock the secrets of entropy, heredity, relativity, quantum mechanics, and other scientific wonders—and continue to inspire breakthroughs in the realms of computer science, artificial intelligence, and economics today. The world may no longer be haunted as it once was, but the demons of the scientific imagination are alive and well, continuing to play a vital role in scientists' efforts to explore the unknown and make the impossible real.

Galileo

Mario Livio
Galileo Book PDF

Author : Mario Livio
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-25
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781501194740

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Galileo by Mario Livio Pdf

An “intriguing and accessible” (Publishers Weekly) interpretation of the life of Galileo Galilei, one of history’s greatest and most fascinating scientists, that sheds new light on his discoveries and how he was challenged by science deniers. “We really need this story now, because we’re living through the next chapter of science denial” (Bill McKibben). Galileo’s story may be more relevant today than ever before. At present, we face enormous crises—such as minimizing the dangers of climate change—because the science behind these threats is erroneously questioned or ignored. Galileo encountered this problem 400 years ago. His discoveries, based on careful observations and ingenious experiments, contradicted conventional wisdom and the teachings of the church at the time. Consequently, in a blatant assault on freedom of thought, his books were forbidden by church authorities. Astrophysicist and bestselling author Mario Livio draws on his own scientific expertise and uses his “gifts as a great storyteller” (The Washington Post) to provide a “refreshing perspective” (Booklist) into how Galileo reached his bold new conclusions about the cosmos and the laws of nature. A freethinker who followed the evidence wherever it led him, Galileo was one of the most significant figures behind the scientific revolution. He believed that every educated person should know science as well as literature, and insisted on reaching the widest audience possible, publishing his books in Italian rather than Latin. Galileo was put on trial with his life in the balance for refusing to renounce his scientific convictions. He remains a hero and inspiration to scientists and all of those who respect science—which, as Livio reminds us in this “admirably clear and concise” (The Times, London) book, remains threatened everyday.

The Entanglement

Alva Noë
The Entanglement Book PDF

Author : Alva Noë
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-27
Category : Art
ISBN : 9780691188812

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The Entanglement by Alva Noë Pdf

"In The Entanglement, philosopher Alva Noë explores the inseparability of life, art, and philosophy, and argues that we have radically underestimated the significance of this long recognized but underappreciated reality, what he refers to as the "entanglement." The core of The Entanglement is the idea that human existence is inextricably aesthetic and philosophical. In the first half of the book, Noë offers a detailed examination of pictures and seeing, writing and speech, and choreography and dancing, which serve as case studies and the base in which the phenomenon of entanglement is set. In later chapters, Noë deepens this analysis by exploring the nature of the aesthetic itself, and its place in our lives, examining what the entanglement can teach us about science, and, in particular, the project of applying science in the domain of the human. In these later chapters he covers a range of topics, including sex, gender, and the body, psychology and AI, the problem of style, and the nature of 'nature.' Drawing on his work in perception, consciousness, and the philosophy of art, Noë offers a new model for thinking about the nature of the human, the limits to what a natural science of the human can do on its own, and the irreplaceable importance of art and philosophy for the larger project of studying and understanding ourselves"--

How to Talk to a Science Denier

Lee McIntyre
How to Talk to a Science Denier Book PDF

Author : Lee McIntyre
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262545051

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How to Talk to a Science Denier by Lee McIntyre Pdf

Can we change the minds of science deniers? Encounters with flat earthers, anti-vaxxers, coronavirus truthers, and others. "Climate change is a hoax--and so is coronavirus." "Vaccines are bad for you." These days, many of our fellow citizens reject scientific expertise and prefer ideology to facts. They are not merely uninformed--they are misinformed. They cite cherry-picked evidence, rely on fake experts, and believe conspiracy theories. How can we convince such people otherwise? How can we get them to change their minds and accept the facts when they don't believe in facts? In this book, Lee McIntyre shows that anyone can fight back against science deniers, and argues that it's important to do so. Science denial can kill. Drawing on his own experience--including a visit to a Flat Earth convention--as well as academic research, McIntyre outlines the common themes of science denialism, present in misinformation campaigns ranging from tobacco companies' denial in the 1950s that smoking causes lung cancer to today's anti-vaxxers. He describes attempts to use his persuasive powers as a philosopher to convert Flat Earthers; surprising discussions with coal miners; and conversations with a scientist friend about genetically modified organisms in food. McIntyre offers tools and techniques for communicating the truth and values of science, emphasizing that the most important way to reach science deniers is to talk to them calmly and respectfully--to put ourselves out there, and meet them face to face.

On Trial for Reason

Maurice A. Finocchiaro
On Trial for Reason Book PDF

Author : Maurice A. Finocchiaro
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198797920

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On Trial for Reason by Maurice A. Finocchiaro Pdf

In 1633, the Roman Inquisition condemned Galileo as a suspected heretic for defending the astronomical theory that the earth moves, and implicitly assuming the theological principle that Scripture is not scientific authority. This controversial event has sent ripples down the centuries, embodying the struggle between a thinker who came to be regarded as the Father of Modern Science, and an institution that is both one of the world's greatest religions and most ancient organizations. The trial has been cited both as a clear demonstration of the incompatibility between science and religion, and also a stunning exemplar of rationality, scientific method, and critical thinking. Much has been written about Galileo's trial, but most works argue from a particular point of view - that of secular science against the Church, or justifying the religious position. Maurice Finocchiaro aims to provide a balanced historical account that draws out the cultural nuances. Unfolding the intriguing narrative of Galileo's trial, he sets it against its contemporary intellectual and philosophical background. In particular, Finocchiaro focuses on the contemporary arguments and evidence for and against the Earth's motion, which were based on astronomical observation, the physics of motion, philosophical principles about the nature of knowledge, and theological principles about the authority and the interpretation of Scripture. Following both sides of the controversy and its far-reaching philosophical impact, Finocchiaro unravels the complex relationship between science and religion, and demonstrates how Galileo came to be recognised as a model of logical reasoning.