Thematic Distinction Between Essence And Existence

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Thematic Distinction Between Essence and Existence

James Alabi
Thematic Distinction Between Essence and Existence Book PDF

Author : James Alabi
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 10 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783668777507

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Thematic Distinction Between Essence and Existence by James Alabi Pdf

Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Philosophy - Miscellaneous, , language: English, abstract: The terms essence and existence have dominated philosophical discussions for centuries, at least from the era of Plato up to the contemporary times. The central issue at the heart of this discourse in the preliminary stage had to do with the question of what actually makes an essence of an existing entity. For example, if you say God, philosophers will probe further to ask: what is the essence of God? In other words, ‘what are those characteristics that are truly exclusive to God? If, again, you say a Satsuma (a type of orange) exists, then one will be prompted to ask as to what features distinguish it from a tangerine. That is, what are those distinctive qualities - essentially immaterial - that will not make me call an existential Satsuma a tangerine? What the inquirer is demanding is simply something more than mere the Satsuma or any of the accidental features like colour, taste, etc. Questions have also been raised in terms of what actually exists as against what is believed to exist. The discourse quickly like wild fire moved from the level of mere conceptualizing the terms to the level of philosophers trying to find out which of essence and existence precedes each other. In other words, granted, at least, at level of assumption that both human and objects exist, philosophers are asking whether their essence precedes their existence. The battle to resolve this crisis of concepts pitted modern Christian philosophers like Bishop George Berkeley and Immanuel Kant against contemporary existentialists like Jean Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger. The former school, led by Berkeley in its submission had argued that essence precedes existence, while the latter, championed by extensively by Sartre disagrees, saying existence precedes essence. However, there are other variations to the discourse but it is sufficient for the scope of this paper to limit discussion to these two, with more emphasis on Sartre.

The Ultimate Reducibility of Essence to Existence in Existential Metaphysics

William E. Carlo
The Ultimate Reducibility of Essence to Existence in Existential Metaphysics Book PDF

Author : William E. Carlo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Essentialism (Philosophy)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105033594404

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The Ultimate Reducibility of Essence to Existence in Existential Metaphysics by William E. Carlo Pdf

"This is an exciting book - at least it should be to those who already know something about the Thomistic metaphysics of essence and existence and who are interested in the basic seminal ideas in philosophy." W. Norris Clark, editor of the 'International Philosophical Quarterly,' thus describes Professor Carlo's book in the Preface. He adds that this interpretation of existence would provide metaphysics with the most powerfully unified vision of the world in the whole of Western thought. Impressive in its research and breadth of vision, this study searches into controversies which have plagued the meaning and function of existence from the time of Parmenides. The author is both provocative and controversial, forcing the reader by cogency of argument alone to rethink much of what he already knows and to modify his basic understanding of the problem.Continuing and advancing the thought of Gilson and Maritain, Professor Carlo reduces essence to a model of existence, and matter itself - Merleau-Ponty's "weakness at the heart of being" and Heidegger's "horizon of being" - to a deficiency of being. In a brilliant exposition, touched with grace, skill, and scrupulous fairness, Professor Carlo breaks down the stubborn tradition of Scholasticism's disregard of Aquinas' revolutionary understanding of existence by disentangling fact from fiction and setting the record straight. The author states that the primacy of existence demands as a logical and natural corollary, the subordination of essence to existence, since not only the very existence of essence but all its perfection comes from existence, including that last cherished inheritance of which no one ever thought it could be dispossessed, the very knowability and intelligibility of essence itself. The role of essence as an Aristotelian reciprocal cause or as the extrinsic principle of limitation is revolutionized by the author. Instead, essence arises out of the flood of existence, as a 'mode of existence,' as the 'intrinsic limitation of existence.' Thus the doctrine of the primacy of existence, historically, has served as a "halfway house" to the doctrine of the 'ultimate reducibility of essence to existence."--From cover flaps.

Essence and Existence

Bob Hale
Essence and Existence Book PDF

Author : Bob Hale
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192596239

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Essence and Existence by Bob Hale Pdf

Essays on Existence and Essence presents a series of writings—including several previously unpublished—by Bob Hale on the topics of ontology and modality. The essays develop and consolidate a number of themes central to his work and to contemporary metaphysics, logic, and philosophy of language. They display Hale's innovative approach to some of the most fundamental issues in philosophy, in dialogue (and, in some cases, in collaboration) with other leading philosophers. The notion of a definition is examined as it applies both to words—verbal definitions-and to things—real definitions—and the relations between these are brought out in order to address problems in the metaphysics of necessity and the semantics and epistemology of modality. Hale argues for an essentialist theory of the source of necessity and our knowledge of it, and provides rigorous and inventive responses to problems such a theory might face. This theoretical framework is applied to the recently influential truthmaking approach to semantics and logic, developing an exact truthmaker account of universal quantification and modal statements. Other topics covered include the Fregean theory of ontological categories, the status of second-order logic, the metaphysics of numbers, and the nature of analytic propositions. The volume opens with a substantial introduction by Kit Fine, providing a critical examination of Hale's philosophy, and closes with a complete bibliography of Hale's writings.

Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas

John F. Wippel
Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas Book PDF

Author : John F. Wippel
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780813208398

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Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas by John F. Wippel Pdf

Discusses the generic problem of "Christian philosophy" and considers Aquinas's views on the nature and methodology of metaphysics, and on metaphysics of created and uncreated being.

Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas III

John F. Wippel
Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas III Book PDF

Author : John F. Wippel
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780813233550

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Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas III by John F. Wippel Pdf

Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas III is Msgr. John Wippel’s third volume dedicated to the metaphysical thought of Thomas Aquinas. After an introduction, this volume of collected essays begins with Wippel’s interpretation of the discovery of the subject of metaphysics by a special kind of judgment (“separation”). In subsequent chapters, Wippel turns to the relationship between faith and reason, exploring what are known as the preambles of faith. This is followed by two chapters on the important contributions by Cornelio Fabro on Aquinas’s distinction between essence and esse and on participation. The volume continues with articles on Aquinas’s view of creation as a preamble of faith, Aquinas’s much-disputed defense of unicity of substantial form in creatures, his account of the separated soul’s natural knowledge, and Aquinas’s understanding of evil in his De Malo 1. The volume concludes with an article comparing Bonaventure, Aquinas, and Godfrey of Fontaines on the metaphysical composition of angelic beings. Most of these issues were disputed during Aquinas’s time by some of his contemporaries, and the proper understanding of each continues to be debated by various students of his thought today. Wippel’s purpose, therefore, is to help clarify our understanding of Aquinas’s thought on each of these topics, a task that requires the careful analysis of primary sources and of secondary literature and attention to the relative chronology of his writing.

Individuals, Essence and Identity

A. Bottani,Massimiliano Carrara,P. Giaretta
Individuals Essence and Identity Book PDF

Author : A. Bottani,Massimiliano Carrara,P. Giaretta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401718660

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Individuals, Essence and Identity by A. Bottani,Massimiliano Carrara,P. Giaretta Pdf

Andrea Bottani Massimiliano Carrara Pierdaniele Giaretta What do we do when we do metaphysics? The aim of this introduction is to give a provisional answer to this question, and then to explain the subtitle of the volume. It is easy to observe that when we do meta physics we engage in a linguistic activity, mainly consisting of uttering declarative sentences that are not very clear to most people. That is true, but, of course, it is not very informative. What do we speak of when we do metaphysics? A traditional answer could be: we speak of what things really are, so suggesting that things can appear in a way that is different from the way they really are. So understood, meta physics is about the sense, or the senses, of "real being". A question that immediately arises is whether the sense of being is unique or is different for different types of things. Another question is whether it is possible that something could appear to be, but really not be. Modem analytic metaphysicians usually answer that the sense of being is unique, while acknowledging that there are different kinds of things, and that to say that something could appear to be but really not be is a plain contradiction, unless what is understood is that it could appear to us that there is something having such and such features, but viii Individuals, Essence, and Identity really there is no such a thing.

Being and Time

Martin Heidegger
Being and Time Book PDF

Author : Martin Heidegger
Publisher : Newcomb Livraria Press
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783989882904

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Being and Time by Martin Heidegger Pdf

A new 2024 translation of Martin Heidegger's major work "Being and Time" (Sein und Zeit), originally published in 1927 in multiple publications. This edition contains a new afterword by the Translator, a timeline of Heidegger's life and works, a philosophic index of core Heideggerian concepts and a guide for terminology across 19th and 20th century Existentialists. This translation is designed for readability and accessibility to Heidegger's enigmatic and dense philosophy. Complex and specific philosophic terms are translated as literally as possible and academic footnotes have been removed to ensure easy reading. Being and Time presents a complex philosophical discourse on the nature of being (Sein) and time (Zeit), focusing in particular on the temporal-existentialist concept of Dasein, a term that combines the German words for "to be" (sein) and "there" (da). This classic philosophic work examines the traditional metaphysical understanding of being, arguing that this understanding, typically based on the idea of a constant presence, fails to account for the temporal and existential dimensions of being. Heidegger proposes that an understanding of being requires an analysis of Dasein, which is characterized not only by its existence, but also by its being in the world and its temporal existence. The concept of Dasein is central to the his argument, emphasizing that Dasein is always already situated in a world, and its understanding of being is shaped by its temporal existence. This perspective challenges traditional metaphysical notions of being as static and unchanging, proposing instead that being is fundamentally temporal and connected to human existence and understanding. As the title suggests, Heidegger sees the question of Being as indistinguishable from Time, arguing that Newtonian conceptions of time as a series of now-points are inadequate for understanding the being of Dasein. His Ontochronology argues that the existential and ontological analysis of Dasein reveals a more fundamental concept of time, one that is integral to the structure of Being itself. The text further elaborates on the idea of "thrownness" and several other existentialist themes. Thrownness is one of the three conditions that signifies Dasein's immersion in the world, where it finds itself already entangled in a web of relations and meanings. This "thrownness", combined with Dasein's inherent being-toward-death, underscores the existential condition of human beings, framing their existence as a continual engagement with their own finitude and the possibilities of their being. Heidegger posits that understanding the nature of being requires a fundamental rethinking of both being and time, dogmatically stating that the true nature of being can only be grasped through an understanding of the temporality that characterizes the existence of being.

Of Essence and Context

Rūta Stanevičiūtė,Nick Zangwill,Rima Povilionienė
Of Essence and Context Book PDF

Author : Rūta Stanevičiūtė,Nick Zangwill,Rima Povilionienė
Publisher : Springer
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-01
Category : Music
ISBN : 9783030144715

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Of Essence and Context by Rūta Stanevičiūtė,Nick Zangwill,Rima Povilionienė Pdf

This book provides a new approach to the intersections between music and philosophy. It features articles that rethink the concepts of musical work and performance from ontological and epistemological perspectives and discuss issues of performing practices that involve the performer’s and listener’s perceptions. In philosophy, the notion of essence has enjoyed a renaissance. However, in the humanities in general, it is still viewed with suspicion. This collection examines the ideas of essence and context as they apply to music. A common concern when thinking of music in terms of essence is the plurality of music. There is also the worry that thinking in terms of essence might be an overly conservative way of imposing fixity on something that evolves. Some contend that we must take into account the varying historical and cultural contexts of music, and that the idea of an essence of music is therefore a fantasy. This book puts forward an innovative approach that effectively addresses these concerns. It shows that it is, in fact, possible to find commonalities among the many kinds of music. The coverage combines philosophical and musicological approaches with bioethics, biology, linguistics, communication theory, phenomenology, and cognitive science. The respective chapters, written by leading musicologists and philosophers, reconsider the fundamental essentialist and contextualist approaches to music creation and experience in light of twenty-first century paradigm shifts in music philosophy.

The Absolute and the Event

Emilio Carlo Corriero
The Absolute and the Event Book PDF

Author : Emilio Carlo Corriero
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350111691

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The Absolute and the Event by Emilio Carlo Corriero Pdf

What does Heidegger's controversial notion of the Event mean? Can it be read as an historical prophecy connected to his political affinity with Nazism? And what has this concept to do with the possibility of a new beginning for Western philosophy after Schelling and Nietzsche? This book highlights the theoretical affinity between the results of Schelling's speculations and Heidegger's later theories. Heidegger dedicated a seminar to Schelling's Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom in 1927-28, immediately after the publication of his Sein und Zeit. He then returned to this work during the courses he taught in 1936 and again in 1941, with lectures dedicated to the Metaphysics of German Idealism. Heidegger's introduction of the Event is reminiscent of Schelling's effort to think of “being” in its organic connection to time, and is such a new form of Schelling's positive philosophy. Thanks to a concept of being intimately linked to that of time, these latter of Heidegger's theories culminate in a form of positive, historical philosophy as well as with a definition of a post-metaphysical Absolute that, in close connection with primal Nothingness, is beyond any form of onto-theology. It also reveals close connections to Nietzsche's introduction of the eternal recurrence, which rethinks being as a never-ending becoming.

The Philosophy, Theology, and Rhetoric of Marius Victorinus

Stephen A. Cooper,Václav Němec
The Philosophy Theology and Rhetoric of Marius Victorinus Book PDF

Author : Stephen A. Cooper,Václav Němec
Publisher : SBL Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-07
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781628375299

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The Philosophy, Theology, and Rhetoric of Marius Victorinus by Stephen A. Cooper,Václav Němec Pdf

Pagan rhetor, (Neo-)Platonist philosopher, Christian theologian This collection of essays is devoted to the rhetoric, Neoplatonic philosophy, and Christian theology of Marius Victorinus, a mid-fourth-century professor of rhetoric and philosopher who converted to Christianity late in life. Scholars from eight different countries, some of whom have not previously published in English, reflect on debates about his writings and theological development. These topics include Victorinus's deployment of philosophical sources for trinitarian theology, possible connections in his work to Origen, Augustine, Plotinus, Porphyry, and Gnosticism, as well as his contributions to Latin rhetoric and dialectic. Contributors include Jan Dominik Bogataj, Michael Chase, Nello Cipriani, Stephen A. Cooper, Volker Henning Drecoll, Lenka Karfíková, Josef Lössl, Václav Němec, Thomas Riesenweber, Guadalupe Lopetegui Semperena, Miran Špelič, Chiara O. Tommasi, John D. Turner, and Florian Zacher. The chapters in this volume are of great interest to students of late antique philosophy, Christian theology, and Latin rhetoric.

Classical Islamic Philosophy

Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Classical Islamic Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Luis Xavier López-Farjeat
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2021-08-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315389264

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Classical Islamic Philosophy by Luis Xavier López-Farjeat Pdf

This thematic introduction to classical Islamic philosophy focuses on the most prevalent philosophical debates of the medieval Islamic world and their importance within the history of philosophy. Approaching the topics in a comprehensive and accessible way in this new volume, Luis Xavier Lopez-Farjeat, one of the co-editors of The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy, makes classical Islamic philosophy approachable for both the new and returning student of the history of philosophy, medieval philosophy, the history of ideas, classical Islamic intellectual history, and the history of religion. Providing readers with a complete view of the most hotly contested debates in the Islamic philosophical tradition, Lopez-Farjeat discusses the development of theology (kalām) and philosophy ( falsafa) during the ʿAbbāsid period, including the translation of Aristotle into Arabic, the philosophy and theology of Islamic revelation, logic and philosophy of language, philosophy of natural science, metaphysics, psychology and cognition, and ethics and political philosophy. This volume serves as an indispensable tool for teachers, students, and independent learners aiming to discover the philosophical problems and ideas that defined the classical Islamic world. Key Features • Offers readers a broad, thorough view of the history of Islamic philosophy by using a thematic approach. • Traces the dialogues between philosophers and theologians about important and controversial topics. • Offers both historical descriptions of the key debates in classical Islamic philosophy and current interpretations by contemporary scholars. • Includes extensive lists for further reading at the end of each chapter, directing curious students to the best avenues for further research.

Being, Essence and Substance in Plato and Aristotle

Paul Ricoeur
Being Essence and Substance in Plato and Aristotle Book PDF

Author : Paul Ricoeur
Publisher : Polity
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0745660541

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Being, Essence and Substance in Plato and Aristotle by Paul Ricoeur Pdf

Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005) was one of the outstanding French philosophers of the 20th century and his work is widely read in the English-speaking world. This unique volume comprises the lectures that Ricoeur gave on Plato and Aristotle at the University of Strasbourg in 1953-54. The aim of these lectures is to analyse the metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle and to discern in their work the ontological foundations of Western philosophy. The relation between Plato and Aristotle is commonly portrayed as a contrast between a philosophy of essence and a philosophy of substance, but Ricoeur shows that this opposition is too simple. Aristotelian ontology is not a simple antithesis to Platonism: the radical ontology of Aristotle stands in a far more subtle relation of continuity and opposition to that of Plato and it is this relation we have to reconstruct and understand. Ricoeur’s lectures offer a brilliant analysis of the great works of Plato and Aristotle which has withstood the test of time. They also provide a unique insight into the development of Ricoeur’s thinking in the early 1950s, revealing that, even at this early stage of his work, Ricoeur was focused sharply on issues of language and the text.

The Thomist

Anonim
The Thomist Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 778 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Neo-Scholasticism
ISBN : UCAL:B4401069

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The Thomist by Anonim Pdf

A speculative quarterly review.

The Spiritual Automaton

Eugene Marshall
The Spiritual Automaton Book PDF

Author : Eugene Marshall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199675531

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The Spiritual Automaton by Eugene Marshall Pdf

Eugene Marshall presents an original, systematic account of Spinoza's philosophy of mind, in which the mind is presented as an affective mechanism that, when rational, behaves as a spiritual automaton. He explores key themes in Spinoza's thought, and illuminates his philosophical and ethical project in a striking new way.

Philosophy: Themes and Thinkers

J. W. Phelan
Philosophy Themes and Thinkers Book PDF

Author : J. W. Phelan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2005-04-14
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780521537421

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Philosophy: Themes and Thinkers by J. W. Phelan Pdf

Philosophy: Themes and Thinkers is becoming an increasingly popular subject choice at AS and A Level. This textbook has been written for students studying the AQA AS and A Level Philosophy syllabus. As well as meeting the needs of these students, the book is also suitable for students studying the IB Diploma, and is an excellent introductory text for undergraduates.The book covers key philosophical concepts, themes, and philosophy texts. As well as gaining a thorough grounding in these areas, students will develop the ability to analyse and assess philosophical writings, form their own judgements and contribute effectively to the process of debate.