Theoretical Models Of Skeletal Muscle

Author : Marcelo Epstein,W. Herzog
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1998-06-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015045634659

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Theoretical Models of Skeletal Muscle by Marcelo Epstein,W. Herzog Pdf

Examines the structural, mechanical and neurophysiological properties of skeletal muscle as they relate to force and movement and translates these properties into rigorous and mechanically consistent models of skeletal muscle. Including a chapter on modelling skeletal muscle using simple shapes and a comprehensive discussion of the molecular events of muscular force production. Theoretical Models of Skeletal Muscle will be invaluable reading for professionals and students within the fields of biomechanics, kinesiology, sports science and physiotherapy. The workings of the "cross-bridge model," the "Hill model," the "energetics model," and a model based on continuum mechanics are evaluated in detail.

Author : W. Herzog
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2000-10-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 0471492388

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Skeletal Muscle Mechanics by W. Herzog Pdf

Dieses Teilgebiet der Biomechanik ist für Sportwissenschaftler und Physiologen von großer Bedeutung! Die umfassende, aktuelle Abhandlung der Skelettmuskelmechanik beschäftigt sich mit drei Themenkreisen: den Mechanismen der Skelettmuskelkontraktion, der Muskelfunktion in vivo und theoretischen Modellen der Muskelfunktion. Auch ein knapper historischer Abriß und ein Ausblick auf noch offene Fragen fehlen nicht. (08/00)

Author : Herbert Hatze
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Biological control systems
ISBN : UCLA:31158008382979

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Myocybernetic Control Models of Skeletal Muscle by Herbert Hatze Pdf

Author : David Aitchison Smith
Publisher : Springer
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030035266

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The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction by David Aitchison Smith Pdf

Understanding the molecular mechanism of muscle contraction started with the discovery that striated muscle is composed of interdigitating filaments which slide against each other. Sliding filaments and the working-stroke mechanism provide the framework for individual myosin motors to act in parallel, generating tension and loaded shortening with an efficient use of chemical energy. Our knowledge of this exquisitely structured molecular machine has exploded in the last four decades, thanks to a bewildering array of techniques for studying intact muscle, muscle fibres, myofibrils and single myosin molecules. After reviewing the mechanical and biochemical background, this monograph shows how old and new experimental discoveries can be modelled, interpreted and incorporated into a coherent mathematical theory of contractility at the molecular level. The theory is applied to steady-state and transient phenomena in muscle fibres, wing-beat oscillations in insect flight muscle, motility assays and single-molecule experiments with optical trapping. Such a synthesis addresses major issues, most notably whether a single myosin motor is driven by a working stroke or a ratchet mechanism, how the working stroke is coupled to phosphate release, and whether one cycle of attachment is driven by the hydrolysis of one molecule of ATP. Ways in which the theory can be extended are explored in appendices. A separate theory is required for the cooperative regulation of muscle by calcium via tropomyosin and troponin on actin filaments. The book reviews the evolution of models for actin-based regulation, culminating in a model motivated by cryo-EM studies where tropomyosin protomers are linked to form a continuous flexible chain. It also explores muscle behaviour as a function of calcium level, including emergent phenomena such as spontaneous oscillatory contractions and direct myosin regulation by its regulatory light chains. Contraction models can be extended to all levels of calcium-activation by embedding them in a cooperative theory of thin-filament regulation, and a method for achieving this grand synthesis is proposed. Dr. David Aitchison Smith is a theoretical physicist with thirty years of research experience in modelling muscle contractility, in collaboration with experimental groups in different laboratories.

Author : Brian R. MacIntosh,Phillip F. Gardiner,Alan J. McComas
Publisher : Human Kinetics
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Mechanoreceptors
ISBN : 0736045171

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Skeletal Muscle by Brian R. MacIntosh,Phillip F. Gardiner,Alan J. McComas Pdf

Provides readers with a detailed understanding of the different facets of muscle physiology. Examines motoneuron and muscle structure and function. It is intended for those need to know about skeletal muscle--from undergraduate and graduate students gaining advanced knowledge in kinesiology to physiotherapists, physiatrists, and other professionals whose work demands understanding of muscle form and function.

Author : Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky,Boris I. Prilutsky
Publisher : Human Kinetics
Page : 571 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781492582106

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Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles by Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky,Boris I. Prilutsky Pdf

Richly illustrated and presented in clear, concise language, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles is an essential resource for those seeking advanced knowledge of muscle biomechanics. Written by leading experts Vladimir Zatsiorsky and Boris Prilutsky, the text is one of the few to look at muscle biomechanics in its entirety—from muscle fibers to muscle coordination—making it a unique contribution to the field. Using a blend of experimental evidence and mechanical models, Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles provides an explanation of whole muscle biomechanics at work in the body in motion. The book first addresses the mechanical behavior of single muscles—from the sarcomere level up to the entire muscle. The architecture of human muscle, the mechanical properties of tendons and passive muscles, the biomechanics of active muscles, and the force transmission and shock absorption aspects of muscle are explored in detail. Next, the various issues of muscle functioning during human motion are addressed. The transformation from muscle force to joint movements, two-joint muscle function, eccentric muscle action, and muscle coordination are analyzed. This advanced text assumes some knowledge of algebra and calculus; however, the emphasis is on understanding physical concepts. Higher-level computational descriptions are placed in special sections in the later chapters of the book, allowing those with a strong mathematical background to explore this material in more detail. Readers who choose to skip over these sections will find that the book still provides a strong conceptual understanding of advanced topics. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles also contains numerous special features that facilitate readers’ comprehension of the topics presented. More than 300 illustrations and accompanying explanations provide an extensive visual representation of muscle biomechanics. Refresher sidebars offer brief reminders of mathematical and biomechanical concepts, and From the Literature sidebars present practical examples that illustrate the concepts under discussion. Chapter summaries and review questions provide an opportunity for reflection and self-testing, and reference lists at the end of each chapter provide a starting point for further study. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles offers a thorough explanation of whole muscle biomechanics, bridging the gap between foundational biomechanics texts and scientific literature. With the information found in this text, readers can prepare themselves to better understand the latest in cutting-edge research. Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles is the third volume in the Biomechanics of Human Motion series. Advanced readers in human movement science gain a comprehensive understanding of the biomechanics of human motion as presented by one of the world’s foremost researchers on the subject, Dr. Vladimir Zatsiorsky. The series begins with Kinematics of Human Motion, which details human body positioning and movement in three dimensions; continues with Kinetics of Human Motion, which examines the forces that create body motion and their effects; and concludes with Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscles, which explains the action of the biological motors that exert force and produce mechanical work during human movement.

Author : Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 818 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461390305

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Multiple Muscle Systems by Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo Pdf

The picture on the front cover of this book depicts a young man pulling a fishnet, a task of practical relevance for many centuries. It is a complex task, involving load transmission throughout the body, intricate balance, and eye head-hand coordination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable pertur bations, has a long history. However, despite a history of magnificent sculptures and drawings of the human body which vividly depict muscle ac tivity and interaction, until more recent times our state of knowledge of human movement was rather primitive. During the past century this has changed; we now have developed a considerable database regarding the com position and basic properties of muscle and nerve tissue and the basic causal relations between neural function and biomechanical movement. Over the last few decades we have also seen an increased appreciation of the impor tance of musculoskeletal biomechanics: the neuromotor system must control movement within a world governed by mechanical laws. We have now col lected quantitative data for a wealth of human movements. Our capacity to understand the data we collect has been enhanced by our continually evolving modeling capabilities and by the availability of computational power. What have we learned? This book is designed to help synthesize our current knowledge regarding the role of muscles in human movement. The study of human movement is not a mature discipline.

Author : Ian S. Longmuir
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 627 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468451887

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Oxygen Transport to Tissue VIII by Ian S. Longmuir Pdf

In this volume the policy of review by anonymous referees and minor correction by the editor has been continued, but perhaps should not be extended without an agreed policy statement by the Society. Our choice is minimal revision with rapid publication or proper review with some delay in publication. The editor wishes to express his gratitude to Ann Richardson, Joann Fish, Lance Johnson, and Philip Weinbrecht for their invaluable help in the preparation of this volume. Ian S. Longmuir v BRIEF HISTORY OF ISOTT The Society endured a long gestation period. During the 1960s its formation was discussed at a number of international meetings devoted to oxygen in biological systems. Prominent among a great number of such gatherings were those held at the Institute of Diseases of the Chest, London 1960; Bedford College, London 1963; Queen Elizabeth College, London 1963; and the Seventh Bad Oeynhausen Conference, 1967. At first, reservations were expressed about the desirability of forming a highly specialized society which might not achieve the "critical mass" necessary for its continued existence. However, the 1971 meeting in the Max Planck Institut fur Arbeitsphysiologie, Dortmund, answered these doubts, and Dr. Melvin Knisely commenced planning a very successful inaugural meeting in South Carolina. At this meeting in 1973 in Charleston and Clemson, the Society was formed with the customary remit of the promotion of scientific exchanges.

Author : Yuehong Yin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781000640007

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Biomechanical Principles on Force Generation and Control of Skeletal Muscle and their Applications in Robotic Exoskeleton by Yuehong Yin Pdf

This book systematically introduces the bionic nature of force sensing and control, the biomechanical principle on mechanism of force generation and control of skeletal muscle, and related applications in robotic exoskeleton. The book focuses on three main aspects: muscle force generation principle and biomechanical model, exoskeleton robot technology based on skeletal muscle biomechanical model, and SMA-based bionic skeletal muscle technology. This comprehensive and in-depth book presents the author's research experience and achievements of many years to readers in an effort to promote academic exchanges in this field. About the Author Yuehong Yin received his B.E. , M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, in 1990, 1995 and 1997, respectively, all in mechanical engineering. From December 1997 to December 1999, he was a Postdoctoral Fellow with Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, where he became an Associate Professor in July 1999. Since December 1999, he has been with the Robotics Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, where he became a Professor and a Tenure Professor in December 2005 and January 2016, respectively. His research interests include robotics, force control, exoskeleton robot, molecular motor, artificial limb, robotic assembly, reconfigurable assembly system, and augmented reality. Dr. Yin is a fellow of the International Academy of Production Engineering (CIRP).

Author : Walter Maurel,Yin Wu,Nadia Magnenat Thalmann,Daniel Thalmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-22
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783662035894

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Biomechanical Models for Soft Tissue Simulation by Walter Maurel,Yin Wu,Nadia Magnenat Thalmann,Daniel Thalmann Pdf

An overview of biomechanical modeling of human soft tissue using nonlinear theoretical mechanics and incremental finite element methods, useful for computer simulation of the human musculoskeletal system.

Author : David A. Jones,Joan M. Round
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Muscles
ISBN : 0719031648

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Skeletal Muscle in Health and Disease by David A. Jones,Joan M. Round Pdf

An understanding of muscle structure and function, and its control in health and failure in disease is a basis for a full understanding of human physiology. This book combines basic but up-to-date information about the structure, biochemistry and physiology of muscle with discussions on the use of muscle in everyday life, in sport and in disease.

Author : Rassier Dilson J.E
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441963666

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Muscle Biophysics by Rassier Dilson J.E Pdf

Muscle contraction has been the focus of scientific investigation for more than two centuries, and major discoveries have changed the field over the years. Early in the twentieth century, Fenn (1924, 1923) showed that the total energy liberated during a contraction (heat + work) was increased when the muscle was allowed to shorten and perform work. The result implied that chemical reactions during contractions were load-dependent. The observation underlying the “Fenn effect” was taken to a greater extent when Hill (1938) published a pivotal study showing in details the relation between heat production and the amount of muscle shortening, providing investigators with the force-velocity relation for skeletal muscles. Subsequently, two papers paved the way for the current paradigm in the field of muscle contraction. Huxley and Niedergerke (1954), and Huxley and Hanson (1954) showed that the width of the A-bands did not change during muscle stretch or activation. Contraction, previously believed to be caused by shortening of muscle filaments, was associated with sliding of the thick and thin filaments. These studies were followed by the classic paper by Huxley (1957), in which he conceptualized for the first time the cross-bridge theory; filament sliding was driven by the cyclical interactions of myosin heads (cross-bridges) with actin. The original cross-bridge theory has been revised over the years but the basic features have remained mostly intact. It now influences studies performed with molecular motors responsible for tasks as diverse as muscle contraction, cell division and vesicle transport.

Author : Peter Martin Klauss,Stanford University Stanford Electronics Laboratories
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Muscle contraction
ISBN : STANFORD:36105046379884

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A Model of Skeletal Muscular Contraction by Peter Martin Klauss,Stanford University Stanford Electronics Laboratories Pdf

A model of skeletal muscular contraction is developed from a diverse group of previously published experimental results. The model attempts to describe the events which take place within a single sarcomere during contraction. Included in the model are a number of separate process models which are new. These include a model for calcium release and reabsorption by the longitudinal vesicles, a model for binding of calcium to troponin, a model for determining the active state from the amount of calcium bound to troponin, a model relating the active state to cross-bridge formation, a model for breakdown of cross-bridges, and a model relating the existing cross-bridges at any time to the active force they generate. The cross-bridges are referred to as the contractile component. The model is completed by a damping element and an elastic element in parallel with the contractile component and another elastic element in series. (Modified author abstract).

Author : Marcelo Epstein
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119999232

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The Elements of Continuum Biomechanics by Marcelo Epstein Pdf

An appealing and engaging introduction to Continuum Mechanics in Biosciences This book presents the elements of Continuum Mechanics to people interested in applications to biological systems. It is divided into two parts, the first of which introduces the basic concepts within a strictly one-dimensional spatial context. This policy has been adopted so as to allow the newcomer to Continuum Mechanics to appreciate how the theory can be applied to important issues in Biomechanics from the very beginning. These include mechanical and thermodynamical balance, materials with fading memory and chemically reacting mixtures. In the second part of the book, the fully fledged three-dimensional theory is presented and applied to hyperelasticity of soft tissue, and to theories of remodeling, aging and growth. The book closes with a chapter devoted to Finite Element analysis. These and other topics are illustrated with case studies motivated by biomedical applications, such as vibration of air in the air canal, hyperthermia treatment of tumours, striated muscle memory, biphasic model of cartilage and adaptive elasticity of bone. The book offers a challenging and appealing introduction to Continuum Mechanics for students and researchers of biomechanics, and other engineering and scientific disciplines. Key features: Explains continuum mechanics using examples from biomechanics for a uniquely accessible introduction to the topic Moves from foundation topics, such as kinematics and balance laws, to more advanced areas such as theories of growth and the finite element method.. Transition from a one-dimensional approach to the general theory gives the book broad coverage, providing a clear introduction for beginners new to the topic, as well as an excellent foundation for those considering moving to more advanced application

Author : Arnold Baca,Jürgen Perl
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 9781351670746

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Modelling and Simulation in Sport and Exercise by Arnold Baca,Jürgen Perl Pdf

Modelling and simulation techniques are of central importance to conducting research in sport and exercise science, informing data collection and helping to analyze patterns of movement and physical performance. Modelling and Simulation in Sport and Exercise is the first book to offer an instructive reference for modelling and simulation methods for researchers and sport and exercise scientists. Based around a series of research cases, describing core theories in applied, practical settings, the book draws on examples of modelling and simulation in ball games, biomechanical analysis, physiological testing and monitoring, predictive analysis and sports engineering and product design. Each research case presents a central problem, discusses different modelling approaches that could be used to deal with the issue, analysis of results and a reflection on the methodology and an exercise for students to put the techniques discussed into practice. This is an important reference for any active researcher or upper-level student in sport and exercise science with an interest in mathematical modelling, computer science or simulation techniques.