Theory Of Thermodynamic Measurements Of Quantum Systems Far From Equilibrium

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Theory of Thermodynamic Measurements of Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium

Abhay Shastry
Theory of Thermodynamic Measurements of Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium Book PDF

Author : Abhay Shastry
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030335748

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Theory of Thermodynamic Measurements of Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium by Abhay Shastry Pdf

This thesis presents several related advances in the field of nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics. The central result is an ingenious proof that the local temperature and voltage measurement in a nonequilibrium system of fermions exists and is unique, placing the concept of local temperature on a rigorous mathematical footing for the first time. As an intermediate step, a proof of the positivity of the Onsager matrix of linear response theory is given -- a statement of the second law of thermodynamics that had lacked an independent proof for 85 years. A new experimental method to measure the local temperature of an electron system using purely electrical techniques is also proposed, which could enable improvements to the spatial resolution of thermometry by several orders of magnitude. Finally, a new mathematically-exact definition for the local entropy of a quantum system in a nonequilibrium steady state is derived. Several different measures of the local entropy are discussed, relating to the thermodynamics of processes that a local observer with varying degrees of information about the microstates of the system could carry out, and it is shown that they satisfy a hierarchy of inequalities. Proofs of the third law of thermodynamics for generic open quantum systems are presented, taking into account the entropic contribution due to localized states. Appropriately normalized (per-state) local entropies are defined and are used to quantify the departure from local equilibrium.

Quantum Thermodynamics

Jochen Gemmer,M. Michel,Günter Mahler
Quantum Thermodynamics Book PDF

Author : Jochen Gemmer,M. Michel,Günter Mahler
Publisher : Springer
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2009-07-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540705109

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Quantum Thermodynamics by Jochen Gemmer,M. Michel,Günter Mahler Pdf

Over the years enormous effort was invested in proving ergodicity, but for a number of reasons, con?dence in the fruitfulness of this approach has waned. — Y. Ben-Menahem and I. Pitowsky [1] Abstract The basic motivation behind the present text is threefold: To give a new explanation for the emergence of thermodynamics, to investigate the interplay between quantum mechanics and thermodynamics, and to explore possible ext- sions of the common validity range of thermodynamics. Originally, thermodynamics has been a purely phenomenological science. Early s- entists (Galileo, Santorio, Celsius, Fahrenheit) tried to give de?nitions for quantities which were intuitively obvious to the observer, like pressure or temperature, and studied their interconnections. The idea that these phenomena might be linked to other ?elds of physics, like classical mechanics, e.g., was not common in those days. Such a connection was basically introduced when Joule calculated the heat equ- alent in 1840 showing that heat was a form of energy, just like kinetic or potential energy in the theory of mechanics. At the end of the 19th century, when the atomic theory became popular, researchers began to think of a gas as a huge amount of bouncing balls inside a box.

Thermodynamics in the Quantum Regime

Felix Binder,Luis A. Correa,Christian Gogolin,Janet Anders,Gerardo Adesso
Thermodynamics in the Quantum Regime Book PDF

Author : Felix Binder,Luis A. Correa,Christian Gogolin,Janet Anders,Gerardo Adesso
Publisher : Springer
Page : 998 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319990460

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Thermodynamics in the Quantum Regime by Felix Binder,Luis A. Correa,Christian Gogolin,Janet Anders,Gerardo Adesso Pdf

Quantum Thermodynamics is a novel research field which explores the emergence of thermodynamics from quantum theory and addresses thermodynamic phenomena which appear in finite-size, non-equilibrium and finite-time contexts. Blending together elements from open quantum systems, statistical mechanics, quantum many-body physics, and quantum information theory, it pinpoints thermodynamic advantages and barriers emerging from genuinely quantum properties such as quantum coherence and correlations. Owing to recent experimental efforts, the field is moving quickly towards practical applications, such as nano-scale heat devices, or thermodynamically optimised protocols for emergent quantum technologies. Starting from the basics, the present volume reviews some of the most recent developments, as well as some of the most important open problems in quantum thermodynamics. The self-contained chapters provide concise and topical introductions to researchers who are new to the field. Experts will find them useful as a reference for the current state-of-the-art. In six sections the book covers topics such as quantum heat engines and refrigerators, fluctuation theorems, the emergence of thermodynamic equilibrium, thermodynamics of strongly coupled systems, as well as various information theoretic approaches including Landauer's principle and thermal operations. It concludes with a section dedicated to recent quantum thermodynamics experiments and experimental prospects on a variety of platforms ranging from cold atoms to photonic systems, and NV centres.

Thermodynamics and Control of Open Quantum Systems

Gershon Kurizki,Abraham G. Kofman
Thermodynamics and Control of Open Quantum Systems Book PDF

Author : Gershon Kurizki,Abraham G. Kofman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107175419

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Thermodynamics and Control of Open Quantum Systems by Gershon Kurizki,Abraham G. Kofman Pdf

The theory of open quantum systems is developed from first principles, and a detailed discussion of real quantum devices is also covered. This unique and self-contained book is accessible to graduate students and researchers working in atomic physics, quantum information, condensed matter physics, and quantum chemistry.

Quantum Thermodynamic Processes

Guenter Mahler
Quantum Thermodynamic Processes Book PDF

Author : Guenter Mahler
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814463744

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Quantum Thermodynamic Processes by Guenter Mahler Pdf

The point of departure of this book is a triad of themes: information theory, thermodynamics, and quantum mechanics. These are related: thermodynamics and quantum mechanics form the basis of quantum thermodynamics; information and quantum mechanics underly, inter alia, the notorious quantum measurement problem; and information and thermodynamics ha

Thermodynamics and Synchronization in Open Quantum Systems

Gonzalo Manzano Paule
Thermodynamics and Synchronization in Open Quantum Systems Book PDF

Author : Gonzalo Manzano Paule
Publisher : Springer
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319939643

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Thermodynamics and Synchronization in Open Quantum Systems by Gonzalo Manzano Paule Pdf

This book explores some of the connections between dissipative and quantum effects from a theoretical point of view. It focuses on three main topics: the relation between synchronization and quantum correlations, the thermodynamical properties of fluctuations, and the performance of quantum thermal machines. Dissipation effects have a profound impact on the behavior and properties of quantum systems, and the unavoidable interaction with the surrounding environment, with which systems continuously exchange information, energy, angular momentum and matter, is ultimately responsible for decoherence phenomena and the emergence of classical behavior. However, there is a wide intermediate regime in which the interplay between dissipative and quantum effects gives rise to a plethora of rich and striking phenomena that has just started to be understood. In addition, the recent breakthrough techniques in controlling and manipulating quantum systems in the laboratory have made this phenomenology accessible in experiments and potentially applicable.

Quantum Mechanical Irreversibility and Measurement

Paolo Grigolini
Quantum Mechanical Irreversibility and Measurement Book PDF

Author : Paolo Grigolini
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810213174

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Quantum Mechanical Irreversibility and Measurement by Paolo Grigolini Pdf

The subject of this book emerged from a series of lectures that the author gave at the Department of Physics of the University of North Texas during the 1992 Spring Semester, and reflects the vivacious discussions that he has been having with the students and the co-workers attending this course. The main conclusion of these discussions was that the major tenet of the "conservative" physicists, that classical physics must be recovered from quantum mechanics by adopting the statistical perspective of Gibbs, implying by necessity a Gibbs ensemble of Universes as well as a Gibbs ensemble of observers, is not satisfactory. It is actually as unsatisfactory as the dominant approaches to irreversibility. The book examines the current approaches to irreversibility, in classical and quantum physics, and shows that an objective theory of irreversibility does not exist yet, and that all the current theories of irreversibility share with quantum mechanics elements of subjectivity, making crucial the role played by the observer. In addition to the traditional quantum mechanical paradoxes, concerning the quantum theory of measurement, the book also discusses the new difficulties that the physics of chaos is causing to the widely accepted correspondence principle, and suggests that the Boltzmann dream, the dream that the fracture between dynamics and thermodynamics might be healed, cannot become true within the framework of the current physics, and that the establishment of a new physics is necessary for that ambitious purpose to be achieved.

Quantum Dissipative Systems

Ulrich Weiss
Quantum Dissipative Systems Book PDF

Author : Ulrich Weiss
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812791795

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Quantum Dissipative Systems by Ulrich Weiss Pdf

Major advances in the quantum theory of macroscopic systems, in combination with stunning experimental achievements, have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Today, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book OCo originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 as an enlarged second edition OCo delves much deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods, and applications of quantum dissipative systems, including the most recent developments. In this third edition, 26 chapters from the second edition contain additional material and several chapters are completely rewritten. It deals with the phenomena and theory of decoherence, relaxation, and dissipation in quantum mechanics that arise from the interaction with the environment. In so doing, a general path integral description of equilibrium thermodynamics and nonequilibrium dynamics is developed. Sample Chapter(s). Introduction (262 KB). Contents: General Theory of Open Quantum Systems; Few Sample Applications; Quantum Statistical Decay; The Dissipative Two-State System; The Dissipative Multi-State System. Readership: Advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in quantum-statistical and condensed matter physics, quantum/classical mechanics, quantum information and computation, and quantum optics."

Quantum Mechanics and Its Emergent Macrophysics

Geoffrey Sewell
Quantum Mechanics and Its Emergent Macrophysics Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey Sewell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691221274

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Quantum Mechanics and Its Emergent Macrophysics by Geoffrey Sewell Pdf

The quantum theory of macroscopic systems is a vast, ever-developing area of science that serves to relate the properties of complex physical objects to those of their constituent particles. Its essential challenge is that of finding the conceptual structures needed for the description of the various states of organization of many-particle quantum systems. In this book, Geoffrey Sewell provides a new approach to the subject, based on a "macrostatistical mechanics," which contrasts sharply with the standard microscopic treatments of many-body problems. Sewell begins by presenting the operator algebraic framework for the theory. He then undertakes a macrostatistical treatment of both equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics, which yields a major new characterization of a complete set of thermodynamic variables and a nonlinear generalization of the Onsager theory. The remainder of the book focuses on ordered and chaotic structures that arise in some key areas of condensed matter physics. This includes a general derivation of superconductive electrodynamics from the assumptions of off-diagonal long-range order, gauge covariance, and thermodynamic stability, which avoids the enormous complications of the microscopic treatments. Sewell also unveils a theoretical framework for phase transitions far from thermal equilibrium. Throughout, the mathematics is kept clear without sacrificing rigor. Representing a coherent approach to the vast problem of the emergence of macroscopic phenomena from quantum mechanics, this well-written book is addressed to physicists, mathematicians, and other scientists interested in quantum theory, statistical physics, thermodynamics, and general questions of order and chaos.

Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Vladislav Capek,Daniel P. Sheehan
Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics Book PDF

Author : Vladislav Capek,Daniel P. Sheehan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402030161

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Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics by Vladislav Capek,Daniel P. Sheehan Pdf

The advance of scienti?c thought in ways resembles biological and geologic transformation: long periods of gradual change punctuated by episodes of radical upheaval. Twentieth century physics witnessed at least three major shifts — relativity, quantum mechanics and chaos theory — as well many lesser ones. Now, st early in the 21 , another shift appears imminent, this one involving the second law of thermodynamics. Over the last 20 years the absolute status of the second law has come under increased scrutiny, more than during any other period its 180-year history. Since the early 1980’s, roughly 50 papers representing over 20 challenges have appeared in the refereed scienti?c literature. In July 2002, the ?rst conference on its status was convened at the University of San Diego, attended by 120 researchers from 25 countries (QLSL2002) [1]. In 2003, the second edition of Le?’s and Rex’s classic anthology on Maxwell demons appeared [2], further raising interest in this emerging ?eld. In 2004, the mainstream scienti?c journal Entropy published a special edition devoted to second law challenges [3]. And, in July 2004, an echo of QLSL2002 was held in Prague, Czech Republic [4]. Modern second law challenges began in the early 1980’s with the theoretical proposals of Gordon and Denur. Starting in the mid-1990’s, several proposals for experimentally testable challenges were advanced by Sheehan, et al. By the late 1990’s and early 2000’s, a rapid succession of theoretical quantum mechanical ? challenges were being advanced by C ́ apek, et al.

Open Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium

Gernot Schaller
Open Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium Book PDF

Author : Gernot Schaller
Publisher : Springer
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319038773

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Open Quantum Systems Far from Equilibrium by Gernot Schaller Pdf

This monograph provides graduate students and also professional researchers aiming to understand the dynamics of open quantum systems with a valuable and self-contained toolbox. Special focus is laid on the link between microscopic models and the resulting open-system dynamics. This includes how to derive the celebrated Lindblad master equation without applying the rotating wave approximation. As typical representatives for non-equilibrium configurations it treats systems coupled to multiple reservoirs (including the description of quantum transport), driven systems and feedback-controlled quantum systems. Each method is illustrated with easy-to-follow examples from recent research. Exercises and short summaries at the end of every chapter enable the reader to approach the frontiers of current research quickly and make the book useful for quick reference.

Mathematical Modeling of Shock-Wave Processes in Condensed Matter

Tatiana Aleksandrovna Khantuleva
Mathematical Modeling of Shock Wave Processes in Condensed Matter Book PDF

Author : Tatiana Aleksandrovna Khantuleva
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811924040

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Mathematical Modeling of Shock-Wave Processes in Condensed Matter by Tatiana Aleksandrovna Khantuleva Pdf

This book offers an interdisciplinary theoretical approach based on non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics and control theory for mathematically modeling shock-induced out-of-equilibrium processes in condensed matter. The book comprises two parts. The first half of the book establishes the theoretical approach, reviewing fundamentals of non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics and control theory of adaptive systems. The latter half applies the presented approach to a problem on shock-induced plane wave propagation in condensed matter. The result successfully reproduces the observed feature of waveform propagation in experiments, which conventional continuous mechanics cannot access. Further, the consequent stress–strain relationships derived with relaxation and inertia effect in elastic–plastic transition determines material properties in transient regimes.

Entropy and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics

Antonio M. Scarfone,Sumiyoshi Abe,Róbert Kovács
Entropy and Non Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics Book PDF

Author : Antonio M. Scarfone,Sumiyoshi Abe,Róbert Kovács
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039362325

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Entropy and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics by Antonio M. Scarfone,Sumiyoshi Abe,Róbert Kovács Pdf

Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics has a long history featuring diverse aspects. It has been a major research field in physics and will remain so in the future. Even regarding the concept of entropy, there exists a longstanding problem concerning its definition for a system in a state far from equilibrium. In this Special Issue, we offered the possibility to discuss and present up-to-date problems that were not necessarily restricted to statistical mechanics. Theoretical and experimental papers are both presented, in addition to unifying research works. As the entropy itself is the central element of nonequilibrium processes, papers discuss various formulations of the second law and its consequences. In this Special Issue, recent progress in kinetic approaches to hydrodynamics, rational extended thermodynamics, entropy in a strongly nonequilibrium stationary state, and related topics are reported as both review articles as well as original research works.

Quantum Stochastic Thermodynamics

Philipp Strasberg
Quantum Stochastic Thermodynamics Book PDF

Author : Philipp Strasberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780192648143

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Quantum Stochastic Thermodynamics by Philipp Strasberg Pdf

The theory of thermodynamics has been one of the bedrocks of 19th-century physics, and thermodynamic problems have inspired Planck's quantum hypothesis. One hundred years later, in an era where we design increasingly sophisticated nanotechnologies, researchers in quantum physics have been 'returning to their roots', attempting to reconcile modern nanoscale devices with the theory of thermodynamics. This textbook explains how it is possible to unify the two opposite pictures of microscopic quantum physics and macroscopic thermodynamics in one consistent framework, proving that the ancient theory of thermodynamics still offers many remarkable insights into present-day problems. This textbook focuses on the microscopic derivation and understanding of key principles and concepts and their interrelation. The topics covered in this book include (quantum) stochastic processes, (quantum) master equations, local detailed balance, classical stochastic thermodynamics, (quantum) fluctuation theorems, strong coupling and non-Markovian effects, thermodynamic uncertainty relations, operational approaches, Maxwell's demon, and time-reversal symmetry, among other topics. The textbook also explores several practical applications of the theory in more detail, including single-molecule pulling experiments, quantum transport and thermoelectric effects in quantum dots, the micromaser, and related setups in quantum optics. The aim of this book is to inspire readers to investigate a plethora of modern nanoscale devices from a thermodynamic point of view, allowing them to address their dissipation, efficiency, reliability, and power based on a conceptually clear understanding about the microscopic origin of heat, entropy, and the second law. The book is accessible to graduate students, post-docs, and lecturers, but will also be of interest to all researchers striving for a deeper understanding of the laws of thermodynamics beyond their traditional realm of applicability.

Quantum Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics

Peter Hertel
Quantum Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics Book PDF

Author : Peter Hertel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-08-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319585956

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Quantum Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics by Peter Hertel Pdf

This textbook presents a concise yet detailed introduction to quantum physics. Concise, because it condenses the essentials to a few principles. Detailed, because these few principles – necessarily rather abstract – are illustrated by several telling examples. A fairly complete overview of the conventional quantum mechanics curriculum is the primary focus, but the huge field of statistical thermodynamics is covered as well. The text explains why a few key discoveries shattered the prevailing broadly accepted classical view of physics. First, matter appears to consist of particles which, when propagating, resemble waves. Consequently, some observable properties cannot be measured simultaneously with arbitrary precision. Second, events with single particles are not determined, but are more or less probable. The essence of this is that the observable properties of a physical system are to be represented by non-commuting mathematical objects instead of real numbers. Chapters on exceptionally simple, but highly instructive examples illustrate this abstract formulation of quantum physics. The simplest atoms, ions, and molecules are explained, describing their interaction with electromagnetic radiation as well as the scattering of particles. A short introduction to many particle physics with an outlook on quantum fields follows. There is a chapter on maximally mixed states of very large systems, that is statistical thermodynamics. The following chapter on the linear response to perturbations provides a link to the material equations of continuum physics. Mathematical details which would hinder the flow of the main text have been deferred to an appendix. The book addresses university students of physics and related fields. It will attract graduate students and professionals in particular who wish to systematize or refresh their knowledge of quantum physics when studying specialized texts on solid state and materials physics, advanced optics, and other modern fields.