Thinking Through Analogies

Author : Bonnie Risby
Publisher : Prufrock Pr
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2005-06-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 159363143X

Get Book

Thinking Through Analogies by Bonnie Risby Pdf

An analogy is a comparison between two things. It points out the similarities between two things that might be different in all other respects. Analogies cause us to think analytically about forms, uses, structures, and relationships. This all-time favorite resource not only gives students a chance to practice solving analogies, but also invites them to open their minds to a completely new way of analyzing the elements of analogies. Each page introduces several categories of analogies. Each category expands students' way of viewing the world and contrasting and comparing elements. Thinking Through Analogies also instills the tools whereby students can create relationships to enhance their creative and formal writing, as well as to heighten their critical thinking in test taking.

Author : Douglas R Hofstadter,Emmanuel Sander
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780465021581

Get Book

Surfaces and Essences by Douglas R Hofstadter,Emmanuel Sander Pdf

Analogy is the core of all thinking. This is the simple but unorthodox premise that Pulitzer Prize -- winning author Douglas Hofstadter and French psychologist Emmanuel Sander defend in their new work. Hofstadter has been grappling with the mysteries of human thought for over thirty years. Now, with his trademark wit and special talent for making complex ideas vivid, he has partnered with Sander to put forth a highly novel perspective on cognition. We are constantly faced with a swirling and intermingling multitude of ill-defined situations. Our brain's job is to try to make sense of this unpredictable, swarming chaos of stimuli. How does it do so? The ceaseless hail of input triggers analogies galore, helping us to pinpoint the essence of what is going on. Often this means the spontaneous evocation of words, sometimes idioms, sometimes the triggering of nameless, long-buried memories. Why did two-year-old Camille proudly exclaim, "I undressed the banana!"? Why do people who hear a story often blurt out, "Exactly the same thing happened to me!" when it was a completely different event? How do we recognize an aggressive driver from a split-second glance in our rearview mirror? What in a friend's remark triggers the offhand reply, "That's just sour grapes"? What did Albert Einstein see that made him suspect that light consists of particles when a century of research had driven the final nail in the coffin of that long-dead idea? The answer to all these questions, of course, is analogy-making -- the meat and potatoes, the heart and soul, the fuel and fire, the gist and the crux, the lifeblood and the wellsprings of thought. Analogy-making, far from happening at rare intervals, occurs at all moments, defining thinking from top to toe, from the tiniest and most fleeting thoughts to the most creative scientific insights. Like Gö, Escher, Bach before it, Surfaces and Essences will profoundly enrich our understanding of our own minds. By plunging the reader into an extraordinary variety of colorful situations involving language, thought, and memory, by revealing bit by bit the constantly churning cognitive mechanisms normally completely hidden from view, and by discovering in them one central, invariant core -- the incessant, unconscious quest for strong analogical links to past experiences -- this book puts forth a radical and deeply surprising new vision of the act of thinking.

Author : Ruth Foster
Publisher : Teacher Created Resources
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781420631685

Get Book

Analogies for Critical Thinking Grade 5 by Ruth Foster Pdf

Approach analogies as puzzles. To solve them, students need to use cognitive processes and critical-thinking skills. These exercises present word and/or picture relationships in several different ways. The goal is to develop skills in visual imagery, reading comprehension, vocabulary development, reasoning and test-taking.

Author : Cheryl Block,Critical Thinki
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-05
Category : Analogy
ISBN : 0894557912

Get Book

Think Analogies A1 by Cheryl Block,Critical Thinki Pdf

Teaches how to distinguish between correct and incorrect analogies, such as "mouth is related to eat as teeth are related to chew" (correct) versus "mouth is related to eat as stomach is related to liver" (incorrect).

Author : Keith J. Holyoak,Paul Thagard
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1996-01-31
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262581442

Get Book

Mental Leaps by Keith J. Holyoak,Paul Thagard Pdf

Analogy—recalling familiar past situations to deal with novel ones—is a mental tool that everyone uses. Analogy can provide invaluable creative insights, but it can also lead to dangerous errors. In Mental Leaps two leading cognitive scientists show how analogy works and how it can be used most effectively. Keith Holyoak and Paul Thagard provide a unified, comprehensive account of the diverse operations and applications of analogy, including problem solving, decision making, explanation, and communication. Holyoak and Thagard present their own theory of analogy, considering its implications for cognitive science in general, and survey examples from many other domains. These include animal cognition, developmental and social psychology, political science, philosophy, history of science, anthropology, and literature. Understanding how we draw analogies is important for people interested in the evolution of thinking in animals and in children; for those whose focus is on either creative thinking or errors of everyday reasoning; for those concerned with how decisions are made in law, business, and politics; and for those striving to improve education. Mental Leaps covers all of this ground, emphasizing the principles that govern the use of analogy and keeping technical matters to a minimum. A Bradford Book

Author : Bonnie L. Risby
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000489941

Get Book

Thinking Through Analogies by Bonnie L. Risby Pdf

An analogy is a comparison between two things. It points out the similarities between two things that might be different in all other respects. Analogies cause us to think analytically about forms, uses, structures, and relationships. This all-time favorite resource not only gives students a chance to practice solving analogies, but also invites them to open their minds to a completely new way of analyzing the elements of analogies. Each page introduces several categories of analogies. Each category expands students' way of viewing the world and contrasting and comparing elements. Thinking Through Analogies also instills the tools whereby students can create relationships to enhance their creative and formal writing, as well as to heighten their critical thinking in test taking. Other books that teach analogies are Analogies for Beginners and Analogies for the 21st Century. Grades 3-6

Author : Dianne Draze,Lynne Chatham
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 1593630433

Get Book

Advancing Through Analogies by Dianne Draze,Lynne Chatham Pdf

You can easily build your students' critical thinking and vocabulary skills with these fun analogy activities. Teaching students to solve analogies not only develops analogical thinking, it also helps students learn and apply vocabulary skills. An analogy is a comparison between two things. It points out the similarities or likenesses between things that might be different in all other respects. The exercises included in this resource not only build thinking skills and make students more flexible and analytical, they also enhance vocabulary and writing skills. Each illustrated page presents several analogy types, along with examples of each type. Review pages give students an opportunity to identify and then solve a variety of analogies. The activities in this book will challenge students to think more critically and apply advanced vocabulary. This book introduces 16 different types of analogies, including: synonyms (calm : serene), part to whole (ring : jewelry), place or location (Peru : South America), cause and effect (fire : smoke), action to object (cut : scissors), and characteristics (ruby : red). These challenging activities are perfect for teaching analytical thinking, enhancing vocabulary, and improving writing skills. Advancing Through Analogies is the most advanced book in a series from Prufrock Press that introduces analogies to young thinkers. Although the activity books in the series for younger students emphasize visual and symbolic analogies, this book for older students emphasizes verbal analogies.

Author : Ruth Foster
Publisher : Teacher Created Resources
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2011-05
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781420631678

Get Book

Analogies for Critical Thinking Grade 4 by Ruth Foster Pdf

Approach analogies as puzzles. To solve them, students need to use cognitive processes and critical-thinking skills. These exercises present word and/or picture relationships in several different ways. The goal is to develop skills in visual imagery, reading comprehension, vocabulary development, reasoning and test-taking.

Author : Lyn D. English
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781136491078

Get Book

Mathematical Reasoning by Lyn D. English Pdf

How we reason with mathematical ideas continues to be a fascinating and challenging topic of research--particularly with the rapid and diverse developments in the field of cognitive science that have taken place in recent years. Because it draws on multiple disciplines, including psychology, philosophy, computer science, linguistics, and anthropology, cognitive science provides rich scope for addressing issues that are at the core of mathematical learning. Drawing upon the interdisciplinary nature of cognitive science, this book presents a broadened perspective on mathematics and mathematical reasoning. It represents a move away from the traditional notion of reasoning as "abstract" and "disembodied", to the contemporary view that it is "embodied" and "imaginative." From this perspective, mathematical reasoning involves reasoning with structures that emerge from our bodily experiences as we interact with the environment; these structures extend beyond finitary propositional representations. Mathematical reasoning is imaginative in the sense that it utilizes a number of powerful, illuminating devices that structure these concrete experiences and transform them into models for abstract thought. These "thinking tools"--analogy, metaphor, metonymy, and imagery--play an important role in mathematical reasoning, as the chapters in this book demonstrate, yet their potential for enhancing learning in the domain has received little recognition. This book is an attempt to fill this void. Drawing upon backgrounds in mathematics education, educational psychology, philosophy, linguistics, and cognitive science, the chapter authors provide a rich and comprehensive analysis of mathematical reasoning. New and exciting perspectives are presented on the nature of mathematics (e.g., "mind-based mathematics"), on the array of powerful cognitive tools for reasoning (e.g., "analogy and metaphor"), and on the different ways these tools can facilitate mathematical reasoning. Examples are drawn from the reasoning of the preschool child to that of the adult learner.

Author : Dedre Gentner,Keith J. Holyoak,Boicho N. Kokinov
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2001-03-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262571390

Get Book

The Analogical Mind by Dedre Gentner,Keith J. Holyoak,Boicho N. Kokinov Pdf

Analogy has been the focus of extensive research in cognitive science over the past two decades. Through analogy, novel situations and problems can be understood in terms of familiar ones. Indeed, a case can be made for analogical processing as the very core of cognition. This is the first book to span the full range of disciplines concerned with analogy. Its contributors represent cognitive, developmental, and comparative psychology; neuroscience; artificial intelligence; linguistics; and philosophy. The book is divided into three parts. The first part describes computational models of analogy as well as their relation to computational models of other cognitive processes. The second part addresses the role of analogy in a wide range of cognitive tasks, such as forming complex cognitive structures, conveying emotion, making decisions, and solving problems. The third part looks at the development of analogy in children and the possible use of analogy in nonhuman primates. Contributors Miriam Bassok, Consuelo B. Boronat, Brian Bowdle, Fintan Costello, Kevin Dunbar, Gilles Fauconnier, Kenneth D. Forbus, Dedre Gentner, Usha Goswami, Brett Gray, Graeme S. Halford, Douglas Hofstadter, Keith J. Holyoak, John E. Hummel, Mark T. Keane, Boicho N. Kokinov, Arthur B. Markman, C. Page Moreau, David L. Oden, Alexander A. Petrov, Steven Phillips, David Premack, Cameron Shelley, Paul Thagard, Roger K.R. Thompson, William H. Wilson, Phillip Wolff

Author : Ruth Foster
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05
Category : Analogy
ISBN : 1420631659

Get Book

Analogies for Critical Thinking Grade 1-2 by Ruth Foster Pdf

Approach analogies as puzzles. To solve them, students need to use cognitive processes and critical-thinking skills. These exercises present word and/or picture relationships in several different ways. The goal is to develop skills in visual imagery, reading comprehension, vocabulary development, reasoning and test-taking.

Author : Dianne Draze
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-09
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000493009

Get Book

First Time Analogies by Dianne Draze Pdf

An analogy is a comparison between two things. It points out the similarities between two things that might be different in all other respects. Analogies cause us to think analytically about forms, uses, structures, and relationships. First Time Analogies is the ideal launching pad to start nonreaders on the road to real thinking experiences with these pictorial and symbolic analogies that are both challenging and motivating. The book is divided into four sections that let you introduce analogies in a developmental way. The levels are: recognizing relationships; choosing one item to complete the analogy; given two items, choosing two other items that have the same relationships; and pairing up four items to complete two related pairs. Exercises are presented on worksheets that require circling the correct answer, as well as cutting out pictures and pasting them in the correct spaces. Attractive illustrations will draw students into the engaging exercises. Although they think they are just solving fun puzzles, they will be doing serious thinking and building a basis for future experiences in critical thinking. This is the first in a series of books that introduce analogies at varying difficulties and formats. The other books are Analogies for Beginners, Analogies for the 21st Century, Thinking Through Analogies, and Advancing Though Analogies. Grades K-2

Author : Alan Bleakley
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781315389431

Get Book

Thinking with Metaphors in Medicine by Alan Bleakley Pdf

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Forewords -- Preface: forewarned -- Acknowledgements -- 1 The recovery of metaphor in medicine -- 2 Metaphors, once down and out, make a comeback -- 3 What do we know about metaphors in medicine and what are the consequences of resisting metaphor? -- 4 'Medicine as war' and other didactic metaphors -- 5 Medical metaphors as resemblances: putting aesthetics to work -- 6 Functions of resemblances in medicine: 'food for thought' -- 7 Metaphors in psychiatry: the embodied mind at its limits -- 8 Metaphors in medical education: the pedagogic imagination -- 9 Poetry, metaphor and the medical imagination -- 10 'Thinking with metaphors in medicine: the state of the art': Part I: the odyssey -- 11 'Thinking with metaphors in medicine: the state of the art': Part II: the tournament joust -- Summary -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- Bibliography -- Index

Author : Linda Brumbaugh,Douglas K. Brumbaugh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-11
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1601441975

Get Book

Math Analogies Level 1 by Linda Brumbaugh,Douglas K. Brumbaugh Pdf

Author : Rick Wormeli
Publisher : Stenhouse Publishers
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781571107589

Get Book

Metaphors & Analogies by Rick Wormeli Pdf

Metaphors show students how to make connections between the concrete and the abstract, prior knowledge and unfamiliar concepts, and language and image. But teachers must learn how to use metaphors and analogies strategically and for specific purposes, helping students discover and deconstruct effective comparisons. Metaphors & Analogies is filled with provocative illustrations of metaphors in action and practical tips.