Tombs Temples And Their Orientations

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Tombs, Temples and Their Orientations

Michael A. Hoskin
Tombs Temples and Their Orientations Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Hoskin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015055098134

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Tombs, Temples and Their Orientations by Michael A. Hoskin Pdf

This study of archaeoastronomy looks at more than 2,500 communal tombs and sanctuaries from around the Mediterranean. After a brief discussion of Hoskin's aims and the methodology for his fieldwork, individual chapters focus on evidence from particular regions: Malta, Gozo, the Balearics, Iberia, southern France, Corsica and Sardinia, Sicily and Pantelleria, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. The author concludes that in most of these regions the monuments faced sunrise, or more generally the sun when it was rising or climbing in the sky. Along the Mediterranean coast of France, however, there is a reverse sunset custom; in North Africa tombs faced downhill and in a Minoan cemetery on Crete all the tombs faced moonrise and look towards a mountain on whose peak was a sanctuary probably sacred to a lunar god. 264p, b/w figs and photos throughout, tables (Ocarina Books 2001) ` adorned with dozens of beautiful photographs, technical diagrams, and an extraordinary Corpus Mensurarum.....a living masterpiece in the field of archaeoastronomy ' - Juan Antonio Belmonte, Instituto de Astroficia de Canarias `

Stonehenge

Clive Ruggles,Amanda Chadburn
Stonehenge Book PDF

Author : Clive Ruggles,Amanda Chadburn
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781835538227

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Stonehenge by Clive Ruggles,Amanda Chadburn Pdf

Stonehenge is one of the most famous ancient monuments in the world and its solar alignment is one of its most important features. Yet although archaeologists have learned a huge amount about this iconic monument and its development, a sense of mystery continues about its purpose. This helps fuel numerous theories and common misconceptions, particularly concerning its relationship to the sky and the heavenly bodies. A desire to cut through this confusion was the inspiration for this book, and it fills a gaping hole in the existing literature. The book provides both an introduction to Stonehenge and its landscape and an introduction to archaeoastronomy—the study of how ancient peoples understood phenomena in the sky, and what role the sky played in their cultures. Archaeoastronomy is a specialism critical to explaining the relationship of Stonehenge and nearby monuments to the heavens, but interpreting archaeoastronomical evidence has often proved highly controversial in the past. Stonehenge: Sighting the Sun explains why. It makes clear which ideas about Stonehenge are generally accepted and which are not, with clear graphics to explain complicated concepts. This beautifully illustrated book shines new light on this most famous of ancient monuments, and is the first in-depth study of this fascinating topic suitable both for specialists and for anyone with a general interest.

Exploring Archaeoastronomy

Liz Henty
Exploring Archaeoastronomy Book PDF

Author : Liz Henty
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781789257885

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Exploring Archaeoastronomy by Liz Henty Pdf

Archaeoastronomy and archaeology are two distinct fields of study which examine the cultural aspect of societies, but from different perspectives. Archaeoastronomy seeks to discover how the impact of the skyscape is materialized in culture, by alignments to celestial events or sky-based symbolism; yet by contrast, archaeology's approach examines all aspects of culture, but rarely considers the sky. Despite this omission, archaeology is the dominant discipline while archaeoastronomy is relegated to the sidelines. The reasons for archaeoastronomy’s marginalized status may be found by assessing its history. For such an exploration to be useful, archaeoastronomy cannot just be investigated in a vacuum but must be contextualized by exploring other contemporaneous developments, particularly in archaeology. On the periphery of both, there are various strands of esoteric thought and pseudoscientific theories which paint an alternative view of monumental remains and these also play a part in the background. The discipline of archaeology has had an unbroken lineage from the late 19th century to the present. On the other hand, archaeoastronomy has not been consistently titled, having adopted various different names such as alignment studies, orientation theory, astro-archaeology, megalithic science, archaeotopography, archaeoastronomy and cultural astronomy: names which depict variants of its methods and theory, sometimes in tandem with those of archaeology and sometimes in opposition. Similarly, its academic status has always been unclear so to bring it closer to archaeology there was a proposal in 2015 to integrate archaeoastronomy research with that of archaeology and call it skyscape archaeology. This volume will examine how all these different variants came about and consider archaeoastronomy's often troubled relationship with archaeology and its appropriation by esotericism to shed light on its position today.

Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures

Helaine Selin
Encyclopaedia of the History of Science Technology and Medicine in Non Western Cultures Book PDF

Author : Helaine Selin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2428 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2008-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402045592

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Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures by Helaine Selin Pdf

Here, at last, is the massively updated and augmented second edition of this landmark encyclopedia. It contains approximately 1000 entries dealing in depth with the history of the scientific, technological and medical accomplishments of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. The entries consist of fully updated articles together with hundreds of entirely new topics. This unique reference work includes intercultural articles on broad topics such as mathematics and astronomy as well as thoughtful philosophical articles on concepts and ideas related to the study of non-Western Science, such as rationality, objectivity, and method. You’ll also find material on religion and science, East and West, and magic and science.

Ancient Astronomy

Clive L.N. Ruggles
Ancient Astronomy Book PDF

Author : Clive L.N. Ruggles
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2005-10-21
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781851096169

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Ancient Astronomy by Clive L.N. Ruggles Pdf

An authoritative introduction to the fascinating topic of archaeoastronomy—ancient peoples' understanding and use of the skies. Ancient Astronomy: An Encyclopedia of Cosmologies and Myth draws on archaeological evidence and oral traditions to reveal how prehistoric humans perceived the skies and celestial phenomena. With over 200 entries, it offers a number of ways to approach ancient astronomy, from key examples and case studies worldwide (Stonehenge; Mexican and Egyptian pyramids; Chaco Canyon, New Mexico; the Nazca lines in Peru) to general themes (cosmologies, calendars, ancient ideas of space and time, origin myths), to fundamental concepts and methods (how the sky has changed over the centuries, how to survey a site), and to the field's most frequently asked questions (How did ancient peoples navigate the ocean using the stars? How does astrology relate to ancient astronomy? Can ancient sites be dated astronomically?) By revealing the astronomical significance of some of the world's most famous ancient landmarks and enduring myths and by showing how different themes and concepts are connected, Ancient Astronomy: An Encyclopedia of Cosmologies and Myth brings a unique authoritative perspective to an area too often left to speculation and sensationalism.

The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe

Chris Fowler,Jan Harding,Daniela Hofmann
The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe Book PDF

Author : Chris Fowler,Jan Harding,Daniela Hofmann
Publisher : Oxford Handbooks
Page : 1201 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199545841

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The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe by Chris Fowler,Jan Harding,Daniela Hofmann Pdf

'The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe' provides a comprehensive, geographically extensive, thematic overview of the European Neolithic - from Iberia to Russia and from Norway to Malta - offering both a general introduction and a clear exploration of key issues and current debates surrounding evidence and interpretation.

Science and Technology in World History [2 volumes]

William E. Burns
Science and Technology in World History 2 volumes Book PDF

Author : William E. Burns
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 709 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9798216142270

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Science and Technology in World History [2 volumes] by William E. Burns Pdf

This encyclopedia offers an interdisciplinary approach to studying science and technology within the context of world history. With balanced coverage, a logical organization, and in-depth entries, readers of all inclinations will find useful and interesting information in its contents. Science and Technology in World History takes a truly global approach to the subjects of science and technology and spans the entirety of recorded human history. Topical articles and entries on the subjects are arranged under thematic categories, which are divided further into chronological periods. This format, along with the encyclopedia's integrative approach, offers an array of perspectives that collectively contribute to the understanding of numerous fields across the world and over eras of development. Entries cover discussions of scientific and technological innovations and theories, historical vignettes, and important texts and individuals throughout the world. From the discovery of fire and the innovation of agricultural methods in China to the establishment of surgical practices in France and the invention of Quantum Theory, this encyclopedia offers comprehensive coverage of fascinating topics in science and technology through a straightforward, historical lens.

Archaeoastronomy

Giulio Magli
Archaeoastronomy Book PDF

Author : Giulio Magli
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030451479

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Archaeoastronomy by Giulio Magli Pdf

This is a second edition of a textbook that provides the first comprehensive, easy-to-read, and up-to-date account of the fascinating discipline of archaeoastronomy, in which the relationship between ancient constructions and the sky is studied in order to gain a better understanding of the ideas of the architects of the past and of their religious and symbolic worlds. The book is divided into three sections, the first of which explores the past relations between astronomy and people, power, the afterworld, architecture, and landscape. The second part then discusses in detail the fundamentals of archaeoastronomy, including the celestial coordinates; the apparent motion of the sun, moon, stars, and planets; observation of celestial bodies at the horizon; the use of astronomical software in archaeoastronomy; and current methods for making and analyzing measurements. The final section reviews what archaeoastronomy can now tell us about the nature and purpose of such sites and structures as Stonehenge, the Pyramids of Giza, Chichen Itza, the Angkor Temples, the Campus Martius, and the Valley of the Temples of Agrigento. In addition, it provides a set of exercises that can be performed using non-commercial free software, e.g., Google Earth and Stellarium, and that will equip readers to conduct their own research. This new edition features a completely new chapter on archaeoastronomy in Asia and an “augmented reality” framework, which on the one hand enhances the didactic value of the book using direct links to the relevant sections of the author’s MOOC (online) lessons and, on the other, allows readers to directly experience – albeit virtually –many of the spectacular archaeological sites described in the book. This is an ideal introduction to what has become a wide-ranging multidisciplinary science.

The Oxford Handbook of Light in Archaeology

Costas Papadopoulos,Holley Moyes
The Oxford Handbook of Light in Archaeology Book PDF

Author : Costas Papadopoulos,Holley Moyes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780191092329

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The Oxford Handbook of Light in Archaeology by Costas Papadopoulos,Holley Moyes Pdf

Light has a fundamental role to play in our perception of the world. Natural or artificial lightscapes orchestrate uses and experiences of space and, in turn, influence how people construct and negotiate their identities, form social relationships, and attribute meaning to (im)material practices. Archaeological practice seeks to analyse the material culture of past societies by examining the interaction between people, things, and spaces. As light is a crucial factor that mediates these relationships, understanding its principles and addressing illumination's impact on sensory experience and perception should be a fundamental pursuit in archaeology. However, in archaeological reasoning, studies of lightscapes have remained largely neglected and understudied. This volume provides a comprehensive and accessible consideration of light in archaeology and beyond by including dedicated and fully illustrated chapters covering diverse aspects of illumination in different spatial and temporal contexts, from prehistory to the present. Written by leading international scholars, it interrogates the qualities and affordances of light in different contexts and (im)material environments, explores its manipulation, and problematises its elusive properties. The result is a synthesis of invaluable insights into sensory experience and perception, demonstrating illumination's vital impact on social, cultural, and artistic contexts.

Archaeology: The Key Concepts

Colin Renfrew,Paul Bahn
Archaeology The Key Concepts Book PDF

Author : Colin Renfrew,Paul Bahn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134370412

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Archaeology: The Key Concepts by Colin Renfrew,Paul Bahn Pdf

An invaluable resource, providing an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the key terms used in this discipline today.

Megalithic Tombs in Western Iberia

Chris Scarre,Luiz Oosterbeek
Megalithic Tombs in Western Iberia Book PDF

Author : Chris Scarre,Luiz Oosterbeek
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785709838

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Megalithic Tombs in Western Iberia by Chris Scarre,Luiz Oosterbeek Pdf

Western Iberia has one of the richest inventories of Neolithic chambered tombs in Atlantic Europe, with particular concentrations in Galicia, northern Portugal and the Alentejo. Less well known is the major concentration of tombs along the Tagus valley, straddling the Portuguese-Spanish frontier. Within this cluster is the Anta da Lajinha, a small megalithic tomb in the hill-country north of the River Tagus. Badly damaged by forest fire and stone removal, it was the subject of joint British-Portuguese excavations in 2006-2008, accompanied by environmental investigations and OSL dating. This volume takes the recent excavations at Lajinha and the adjacent site of Cabeço dos Pendentes as the starting point for a broader consideration of the megalithic tombs of western Iberia. Key themes addressed are relevant to megalithic tombs more generally, including landscape, chronology, settlement and interregional relationships. Over what period of time were these tombs built and used? Do they form a horizon of intensive monument construction, or were the tombs the product of a persistent, long-lived tradition? How do they relate to the famous rock art of the Tagus valley, and to the cave burials and open-air settlements of the region, in terms of chronology and landscape? A final section considers the Iberian tombs within the broader family of west European megalithic monuments, focusing on chronologies, parallels and patterns of contact. Did the Iberian tombs emerge through connections with older established megalithic traditions in other regions such as Brittany, or were they are the outcome of more general processes operating among Atlantic Neolithic societies?

MATHKNOW

Alfio Quarteroni
MATHKNOW Book PDF

Author : Alfio Quarteroni
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2009-12-24
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9788847011229

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MATHKNOW by Alfio Quarteroni Pdf

Mathematics forms bridges between knowledge, tradition, and contemporary life. The continuous development and growth of its many branches, both classical and modern, permeates and fertilizes all aspects of applied science and technology, and so has a vital impact on our modern society. The book will focus on these aspects and will benefit from the contribution of several world-famous scientists from mathematics and related sciences, such as: Ralph Abraham, Andrew Crumey, Peter Markowich, Claudio Procesi, Clive Ruggles, Ismail Serageldin, Amin Shokrollahi, Tobias Wallisser.

The Egypt Code

Robert Bauval
The Egypt Code Book PDF

Author : Robert Bauval
Publisher : Red Wheel Weiser
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-10-01
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9781934708217

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The Egypt Code by Robert Bauval Pdf

Why did the ancients align their monuments so precisely with the stars? What were the practical and symbolic reasons behind these mysterious configurations? From the author of The Orion Mystery, the best-selling book that introduced the revolutionary star-correlation theory about the Giza pyramids, The Egypt Code reveals an amazing Grand Unified Plan behind the legendary temples of upper Egypt. Robert Bauval, one of the world’s most prominent and controversial Egyptologists, completes his groundbreaking investigation of astronomy as related to Egyptian monuments and related religious texts. The Egypt Code revisits the Pyramid Age and the Old Kingdom, proposing a vast sky-ground correlation for the Memphite-Heliopolis region, and presenting the possibility of a grand plan spanning three thousand years of Pharaonic civilization and involving pyramids and major temple sites along the Nile. The central idea of the book is that the cosmic order, which the ancients referred to as "Maat," was comprised of the observable cycles of the sun and stars, in particular the star Sirius, and that the changes that took place due to the precession of the equinoxes and the so-called Sothic Cycle are reflected in the orientation and location of religious sites.

Visualising Skyscapes

Liz Henty,Daniel Brown
Visualising Skyscapes Book PDF

Author : Liz Henty,Daniel Brown
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351398787

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Visualising Skyscapes by Liz Henty,Daniel Brown Pdf

Above the land and its horizon lies the celestial sphere, that great dome of the sky which governs light and darkness, critical to life itself, yet its influence is often neglected in the archaeological narrative. Visualising Skyscapes captures a growing interest in the emerging field of skyscape archaeology. This powerful and innovative book returns the sky to its rightful place as a central consideration in archaeological thought and can be regarded as a handbook for further research. Bookended by a foreword by archaeologist Gabriel Cooney and an afterword by astronomer Andrew Newsam, its contents have a wide-reaching relevance for the fields of archaeology, anthropology, ethnography, archaeoastronomy, astronomy, heritage and cultural studies. The volume balances six chapters on theory and methodology which elaborate on the history and practice of the field with six other chapters focused on case studies from around the world. Visualising Skyscapes captures the growing interest in the multidisciplinary study of skyscapes and will be of interest to academics, students and the general public, as well as having international appeal. It is topical, timely and relevant to current debates and will hopefully stimulate further interest in this exciting and relatively new area of investigation. The contributions showcase the work of distinguished academics in the field and the chapters are all enhanced by numerous photographs and images.

Solarizing the Moon: Essays in honour of Lionel Sims

Fabio Silva,Liz Henty
Solarizing the Moon Essays in honour of Lionel Sims Book PDF

Author : Fabio Silva,Liz Henty
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781803271132

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Solarizing the Moon: Essays in honour of Lionel Sims by Fabio Silva,Liz Henty Pdf

Lionel Sims has produced an influential body of work that has challenged existing narratives about British prehistoric monuments and provided innovative ways to approach and think about skyscapes. This book, in his honour, is divided into three parts: Anthropology and Human Origins, Prehistory and Megalithic Monuments, and Theory.