Topics In Logic Philosophy And Foundations Of Mathematics And Computer Science

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Topics in Logic, Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics, and Computer Science

Stanisław Krajewski,Stephen Krajewski
Topics in Logic Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics and Computer Science Book PDF

Author : Stanisław Krajewski,Stephen Krajewski
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1586038141

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Topics in Logic, Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics, and Computer Science by Stanisław Krajewski,Stephen Krajewski Pdf

This volume honors Professor Andrzej Grzegorczyk, the nestor of Polish logicians, on his 85th anniversary. The editors would like to express the respect and sympathy they have for him. His textbook The Outline of Mathematical Logic has been published in many editions and translated into several languages. It was this textbook that introduced many of us into the world of mathematical logic. Professor Grzegorczyk has made fundamental contributions to logic and to philosophy. His results, mainly on hierarchy of primitive recursive functions, known as the Grzegorczyk hierarchy, are of fundamental importance to theoretical computer science. In particular, they were precursory for the computational complexity theory. The editors would like to stress that this special publication celebrates a scientist who is still actively pursuing genuinely innovative directions of research. Quite recently, Andrzej Grzegorczyk gave a new proof of undecidability of the first order functional calculus. His proof does not use the arithmetization of Kurt Gödel. In recognition of his merits, the University of Clermont-Ferrand conferred to Professor Andrzej Grzegorczyk the Doctorat Honoris Causa. The work and life of Professor Andrzej Grzegorczyk is presented in the article by Professors Stanislaw Krajewski and Jan Wolenski. The papers in this collection have been submitted on invitational basis.

Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics

Alexandru Baltag,Sonja Smets
Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Alexandru Baltag,Sonja Smets
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1027 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319060255

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Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics by Alexandru Baltag,Sonja Smets Pdf

This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, and often stressing Johan van Benthem's pioneering work in establishing this program. However, this is not a Festschrift, but a rich tapestry for a field with a wealth of strands of its own. The reader will see the state of the art in such topics as information update, belief change, preference, learning over time, and strategic interaction in games. Moreover, no tight boundary has been enforced, and some chapters add more general mathematical or philosophical foundations or links to current trends in computer science. The theme of this book lies at the interface of many disciplines. Logic is the main methodology, but the various chapters cross easily between mathematics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social sciences, while also ranging from pure theory to empirical work. Accordingly, the authors of this book represent a wide variety of original thinkers from different research communities. And their interconnected themes challenge at the same time how we think of logic, philosophy and computation. Thus, very much in line with van Benthem's work over many decades, the volume shows how all these disciplines form a natural unity in the perspective of dynamic logicians (broadly conceived) exploring their new themes today. And at the same time, in doing so, it offers a broader conception of logic with a certain grandeur, moving its horizons beyond the traditional study of consequence relations.

LOGIC: Lecture Notes for Philosophy, Mathematics, and Computer Science

Andrea Iacona
LOGIC Lecture Notes for Philosophy Mathematics and Computer Science Book PDF

Author : Andrea Iacona
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030648114

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LOGIC: Lecture Notes for Philosophy, Mathematics, and Computer Science by Andrea Iacona Pdf

This textbook is a logic manual which includes an elementary course and an advanced course. It covers more than most introductory logic textbooks, while maintaining a comfortable pace that students can follow. The technical exposition is clear, precise and follows a paced increase in complexity, allowing the reader to get comfortable with previous definitions and procedures before facing more difficult material. The book also presents an interesting overall balance between formal and philosophical discussion, making it suitable for both philosophy and more formal/science oriented students. This textbook is of great use to undergraduate philosophy students, graduate philosophy students, logic teachers, undergraduates and graduates in mathematics, computer science or related fields in which logic is required.

Logicism Renewed

Paul C. Gilmore
Logicism Renewed Book PDF

Author : Paul C. Gilmore
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781108676939

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Logicism Renewed by Paul C. Gilmore Pdf

Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. Logicism, as put forward by Bertrand Russell, was predicated on a belief that all of mathematics can be deduced from a very small number of fundamental logical principles. In this volume, the twenty-third publication in the Lecture Notes in Logic series, Paul C. Gilmore revisits logicism in light of recent advances in mathematical logic and theoretical computer science. Gilmore addresses the need for languages which can be understood by both humans and computers and, using Intensional Type Theory (ITT), provides a unified basis for mathematics and computer science. This yields much simpler foundations for recursion theory and the semantics of computer programs than those currently provided by category theory.

Three Views of Logic

Donald W. Loveland,Richard E. Hodel,S. G. Sterrett
Three Views of Logic Book PDF

Author : Donald W. Loveland,Richard E. Hodel,S. G. Sterrett
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-26
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781400848751

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Three Views of Logic by Donald W. Loveland,Richard E. Hodel,S. G. Sterrett Pdf

Demonstrating the different roles that logic plays in the disciplines of computer science, mathematics, and philosophy, this concise undergraduate textbook covers select topics from three different areas of logic: proof theory, computability theory, and nonclassical logic. The book balances accessibility, breadth, and rigor, and is designed so that its materials will fit into a single semester. Its distinctive presentation of traditional logic material will enhance readers' capabilities and mathematical maturity. The proof theory portion presents classical propositional logic and first-order logic using a computer-oriented (resolution) formal system. Linear resolution and its connection to the programming language Prolog are also treated. The computability component offers a machine model and mathematical model for computation, proves the equivalence of the two approaches, and includes famous decision problems unsolvable by an algorithm. The section on nonclassical logic discusses the shortcomings of classical logic in its treatment of implication and an alternate approach that improves upon it: Anderson and Belnap's relevance logic. Applications are included in each section. The material on a four-valued semantics for relevance logic is presented in textbook form for the first time. Aimed at upper-level undergraduates of moderate analytical background, Three Views of Logic will be useful in a variety of classroom settings. Gives an exceptionally broad view of logic Treats traditional logic in a modern format Presents relevance logic with applications Provides an ideal text for a variety of one-semester upper-level undergraduate courses

Feferman on Foundations

Gerhard Jäger,Wilfried Sieg
Feferman on Foundations Book PDF

Author : Gerhard Jäger,Wilfried Sieg
Publisher : Springer
Page : 551 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-04-04
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319633343

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Feferman on Foundations by Gerhard Jäger,Wilfried Sieg Pdf

This volume honours the life and work of Solomon Feferman, one of the most prominent mathematical logicians of the latter half of the 20th century. In the collection of essays presented here, researchers examine Feferman’s work on mathematical as well as specific methodological and philosophical issues that tie into mathematics. Feferman’s work was largely based in mathematical logic (namely model theory, set theory, proof theory and computability theory), but also branched out into methodological and philosophical issues, making it well known beyond the borders of the mathematics community. With regard to methodological issues, Feferman supported concrete projects. On the one hand, these projects calibrate the proof theoretic strength of subsystems of analysis and set theory and provide ways of overcoming the limitations imposed by Gödel’s incompleteness theorems through appropriate conceptual expansions. On the other, they seek to identify novel axiomatic foundations for mathematical practice, truth theories, and category theory. In his philosophical research, Feferman explored questions such as “What is logic?” and proposed particular positions regarding the foundations of mathematics including, for example, his “conceptual structuralism.” The contributing authors of the volume examine all of the above issues. Their papers are accompanied by an autobiography presented by Feferman that reflects on the evolution and intellectual contexts of his work. The contributing authors critically examine Feferman’s work and, in part, actively expand on his concrete mathematical projects. The volume illuminates Feferman’s distinctive work and, in the process, provides an enlightening perspective on the foundations of mathematics and logic.

On the Foundations of Computing

Giuseppe Primiero
On the Foundations of Computing Book PDF

Author : Giuseppe Primiero
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780198835646

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On the Foundations of Computing by Giuseppe Primiero Pdf

Computing, today more than ever before, is a multi-faceted discipline which collates several methodologies, areas of interest, and approaches: mathematics, engineering, programming, and applications. Given its enormous impact on everyday life, it is essential that its debated origins are understood, and that its different foundations are explained. On the Foundations of Computing offers a comprehensive and critical overview of the birth and evolution of computing, and it presents some of the most important technical results and philosophical problems of the discipline, combining both historical and systematic analyses. The debates this text surveys are among the latest and most urgent ones: the crisis of foundations in mathematics and the birth of the decision problem, the nature of algorithms, the debates on computational artefacts and malfunctioning, and the analysis of computational experiments. By covering these topics, On the Foundations of Computing provides a much-needed resource to contextualize these foundational issues. For practitioners, researchers, and students alike, a historical and philosophical approach such as what this volume offers becomes essential to understand the past of the discipline and to figure out the challenges of its future.

Martin Davis on Computability, Computational Logic, and Mathematical Foundations

Eugenio G. Omodeo,Alberto Policriti
Martin Davis on Computability Computational Logic and Mathematical Foundations Book PDF

Author : Eugenio G. Omodeo,Alberto Policriti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-01-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319418421

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Martin Davis on Computability, Computational Logic, and Mathematical Foundations by Eugenio G. Omodeo,Alberto Policriti Pdf

This book presents a set of historical recollections on the work of Martin Davis and his role in advancing our understanding of the connections between logic, computing, and unsolvability. The individual contributions touch on most of the core aspects of Davis’ work and set it in a contemporary context. They analyse, discuss and develop many of the ideas and concepts that Davis put forward, including such issues as contemporary satisfiability solvers, essential unification, quantum computing and generalisations of Hilbert’s tenth problem. The book starts out with a scientific autobiography by Davis, and ends with his responses to comments included in the contributions. In addition, it includes two previously unpublished original historical papers in which Davis and Putnam investigate the decidable and the undecidable side of Logic, as well as a full bibliography of Davis’ work. As a whole, this book shows how Davis’ scientific work lies at the intersection of computability, theoretical computer science, foundations of mathematics, and philosophy, and draws its unifying vision from his deep involvement in Logic.

Reflections on the Foundations of Mathematics

Stefania Centrone,Deborah Kant,Deniz Sarikaya
Reflections on the Foundations of Mathematics Book PDF

Author : Stefania Centrone,Deborah Kant,Deniz Sarikaya
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-11
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783030156558

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Reflections on the Foundations of Mathematics by Stefania Centrone,Deborah Kant,Deniz Sarikaya Pdf

This edited work presents contemporary mathematical practice in the foundational mathematical theories, in particular set theory and the univalent foundations. It shares the work of significant scholars across the disciplines of mathematics, philosophy and computer science. Readers will discover systematic thought on criteria for a suitable foundation in mathematics and philosophical reflections around the mathematical perspectives. The volume is divided into three sections, the first two of which focus on the two most prominent candidate theories for a foundation of mathematics. Readers may trace current research in set theory, which has widely been assumed to serve as a framework for foundational issues, as well as new material elaborating on the univalent foundations, considering an approach based on homotopy type theory (HoTT). The third section then builds on this and is centred on philosophical questions connected to the foundations of mathematics. Here, the authors contribute to discussions on foundational criteria with more general thoughts on the foundations of mathematics which are not connected to particular theories. This book shares the work of some of the most important scholars in the fields of set theory (S. Friedman), non-classical logic (G. Priest) and the philosophy of mathematics (P. Maddy). The reader will become aware of the advantages of each theory and objections to it as a foundation, following the latest and best work across the disciplines and it is therefore a valuable read for anyone working on the foundations of mathematics or in the philosophy of mathematics.

Mathematics, Computer Science and Logic - A Never Ending Story

Peter Paule
Mathematics Computer Science and Logic A Never Ending Story Book PDF

Author : Peter Paule
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319009667

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Mathematics, Computer Science and Logic - A Never Ending Story by Peter Paule Pdf

This book presents four mathematical essays which explore the foundations of mathematics and related topics ranging from philosophy and logic to modern computer mathematics. While connected to the historical evolution of these concepts, the essays place strong emphasis on developments still to come. The book originated in a 2002 symposium celebrating the work of Bruno Buchberger, Professor of Computer Mathematics at Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria, on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Among many other accomplishments, Professor Buchberger in 1985 was the founding editor of the Journal of Symbolic Computation; the founder of the Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (RISC) and its chairman from 1987-2000; the founder in 1990 of the Softwarepark Hagenberg, Austria, and since then its director. More than a decade in the making, Mathematics, Computer Science and Logic - A Never Ending Story includes essays by leading authorities, on such topics as mathematical foundations from the perspective of computer verification; a symbolic-computational philosophy and methodology for mathematics; the role of logic and algebra in software engineering; and new directions in the foundations of mathematics. These inspiring essays invite general, mathematically interested readers to share state-of-the-art ideas which advance the never ending story of mathematics, computer science and logic. Mathematics, Computer Science and Logic - A Never Ending Story is edited by Professor Peter Paule, Bruno Buchberger’s successor as director of the Research Institute for Symbolic Computation.

Concepts of Proof in Mathematics, Philosophy, and Computer Science

Dieter Probst,Peter Schuster
Concepts of Proof in Mathematics Philosophy and Computer Science Book PDF

Author : Dieter Probst,Peter Schuster
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781501502620

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Concepts of Proof in Mathematics, Philosophy, and Computer Science by Dieter Probst,Peter Schuster Pdf

A proof is a successful demonstration that a conclusion necessarily follows by logical reasoning from axioms which are considered evident for the given context and agreed upon by the community. It is this concept that sets mathematics apart from other disciplines and distinguishes it as the prototype of a deductive science. Proofs thus are utterly relevant for research, teaching and communication in mathematics and of particular interest for the philosophy of mathematics. In computer science, moreover, proofs have proved to be a rich source for already certified algorithms. This book provides the reader with a collection of articles covering relevant current research topics circled around the concept 'proof'. It tries to give due consideration to the depth and breadth of the subject by discussing its philosophical and methodological aspects, addressing foundational issues induced by Hilbert's Programme and the benefits of the arising formal notions of proof, without neglecting reasoning in natural language proofs and applications in computer science such as program extraction.

Logic for Computer Scientists

Uwe Schöning
Logic for Computer Scientists Book PDF

Author : Uwe Schöning
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780817647636

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Logic for Computer Scientists by Uwe Schöning Pdf

This book introduces the notions and methods of formal logic from a computer science standpoint, covering propositional logic, predicate logic, and foundations of logic programming. The classic text is replete with illustrative examples and exercises. It presents applications and themes of computer science research such as resolution, automated deduction, and logic programming in a rigorous but readable way. The style and scope of the work, rounded out by the inclusion of exercises, make this an excellent textbook for an advanced undergraduate course in logic for computer scientists.

Knowledge, Proof and Dynamics

Fenrong Liu,Hiroakira Ono,Junhua Yu
Knowledge Proof and Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Fenrong Liu,Hiroakira Ono,Junhua Yu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789811522215

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Knowledge, Proof and Dynamics by Fenrong Liu,Hiroakira Ono,Junhua Yu Pdf

This volume gathers selected papers presented at the Fourth Asian Workshop on Philosophical Logic, held in Beijing in October 2018. The contributions cover a wide variety of topics in modal logic (epistemic logic, temporal logic and dynamic logic), proof theory, algebraic logic, game logics, and philosophical foundations of logic. They also reflect the interdisciplinary nature of logic – a subject that has been studied in fields as diverse as philosophy, linguistics, mathematics, computer science and artificial intelligence. More specifically. The book also presents the latest developments in logic both in Asia and beyond.

Philosophy of Mathematics

Ahmet Cevik
Philosophy of Mathematics Book PDF

Author : Ahmet Cevik
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781000468809

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Philosophy of Mathematics by Ahmet Cevik Pdf

The philosophy of mathematics is an exciting subject. Philosophy of Mathematics: Classic and Contemporary Studies explores the foundations of mathematical thought. The aim of this book is to encourage young mathematicians to think about the philosophical issues behind fundamental concepts and about different views on mathematical objects and mathematical knowledge. With this new approach, the author rekindles an interest in philosophical subjects surrounding the foundations of mathematics. He offers the mathematical motivations behind the topics under debate. He introduces various philosophical positions ranging from the classic views to more contemporary ones, including subjects which are more engaged with mathematical logic. Most books on philosophy of mathematics have little to no focus on the effects of philosophical views on mathematical practice, and no concern on giving crucial mathematical results and their philosophical relevance, consequences, reasons, etc. This book fills this gap. The book can be used as a textbook for a one-semester or even one-year course on philosophy of mathematics. "Other textbooks on the philosophy of mathematics are aimed at philosophers. This book is aimed at mathematicians. Since the author is a mathematician, it is a valuable addition to the literature." - Mark Balaguer, California State University, Los Angeles "There are not many such texts available for mathematics students. I applaud efforts to foster the dialogue between mathematics and philosophy." - Michele Friend, George Washington University and CNRS, Lille, France

Contemporary Logic and Computing

Adrian Rezus
Contemporary Logic and Computing Book PDF

Author : Adrian Rezus
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 738 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1848903405

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Contemporary Logic and Computing by Adrian Rezus Pdf

The present volume stems from a book-proposal made about two years ago to College Publications, London. The main idea was that of illustrating the interplay between the contemporary work in logic and the mainstream mathematics. The division of the volume in two sections - topics in 'logic' vs topics in 'computing' - is more or less conventional. Some contributions are focussed on historical and technical details meant to put in perspective the impact of the work of some outstanding mathematicians and philosophers on the contemporary research in logic and computing science. Some other papers, also with a historical flavour, were supposed to evidentiate punctual methods of research and specific concepts or topics, as, e.g., decidability, computability, randomness, and computational or descriptive complexity. In general, the papers were intended as specific surveys of results. Other volumes - to be issued subsequently in the same series - will hopefully delineate aspects of the contemporary logic landscape that have not been illustrated here. The intended audience of the book includes graduate students in mathematical logic, foundations of matematics, and computing science, as well as philosophers, mathematicians, and, possibly, other scientists interested in the recent research on logic and computing.