Topological And Non Topological Solitons In Scalar Field Theories
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Topological and Non-Topological Solitons in Scalar Field Theories by Yakov M. Shnir Pdf
An introduction to integrable and non-integrable scalar field models, with topological and non-topological soliton solutions. Focusing on both topological and non-topological solitons, this book brings together discussion of solitary waves and construction of soliton solutions and provides a discussion of solitons using simple model examples.
Successful modeling of quantum chromodynamics with a relativistic quark-soliton field theory has been developed over the past decade. As introduced by R Freidberg and T D Lee, the foundation of the model involves the chromodielectric properties of the physical vacuum, which yield absolute color confinement. The model allows for the consistent calculation of the dynamics of hadrons and hadronic reactions. The book summarizes and expands upon the extensive literature on the subject, concentrating on the Friedberg-Lee model and variations thereof. New results and future directions are included. Theory, mathematical methods and numerical results are emphasized. Contents:IntroductionThe ModelsThe Mean Field Approximation: Classical and QuantalProjection and BoostThe Generator Coordinate MethodOne Gluon ExchangeParameter Sets and ResultsA Chirally-Invariant Chromo-Dielectric Soliton ModelQuantum Corrections and RenormalizationMany Bag ProblemRestrospect & ProspectsAppendix: Numerical Methods Readership: High energy and nuclear physicists.
Topological Solitons by Nicholas Manton,Paul Sutcliffe Pdf
Topological solitons occur in many nonlinear classical field theories. They are stable, particle-like objects, with finite mass and a smooth structure. Examples are monopoles and Skyrmions, Ginzburg-Landau vortices and sigma-model lumps, and Yang-Mills instantons. This book is a comprehensive survey of static topological solitons and their dynamical interactions. Particular emphasis is placed on the solitons which satisfy first-order Bogomolny equations. For these, the soliton dynamics can be investigated by finding the geodesics on the moduli space of static multi-soliton solutions. Remarkable scattering processes can be understood this way. The book starts with an introduction to classical field theory, and a survey of several mathematical techniques useful for understanding many types of topological soliton. Subsequent chapters explore key examples of solitons in one, two, three and four dimensions. The final chapter discusses the unstable sphaleron solutions which exist in several field theories.
Héctor J. De Vega,Isaak M. Khalatnikov,Norma G. Sànchez
Author : Héctor J. De Vega,Isaak M. Khalatnikov,Norma G. Sànchez Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 589 pages File Size : 40,8 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Science ISBN : 9789401009973
Phase Transitions in the Early Universe: Theory and Observations by Héctor J. De Vega,Isaak M. Khalatnikov,Norma G. Sànchez Pdf
A fundamental, profound review of the key issues relating to the early universe and the physical processes that occurred in it. The interplay between cosmic microwave background radiation, large scale structure, and the dark matter problem are stressed, with a central focus on the crucial issue of the phase transitions in the early universe and their observable consequences: baryon symmetry, baryogenesis and cosmological fluctuations. There is an interplay between cosmology, statistical physics and particle physics in studying these problems, both at the theoretical and the experimental / observational levels. Special contributions are devoted to primordial and astrophysical black holes and to high energy cosmic rays and neutrino astrophysics. There is also a special section devoted to the International Space Station and its scientific utilization.
Fourteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, The: On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity, Astrophysics, And Relativistic Field Theories - Proceedings Of The Mg14 Meeting On General Relativity (In 4 Parts) by Massimo Bianchi,Robert T Jantzen,Remo Ruffini Pdf
The four volumes of the proceedings of MG14 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 35 morning plenary talks over 6 days, 6 evening popular talks and 100 parallel sessions on 84 topics over 4 afternoons.Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string theory, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics, including topics such as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star, pulsar and white dwarf astrophysics.The remaining volumes include parallel sessions which touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, white dwarfs, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasars, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, quantum gravity and loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, strings and branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, cosmic rays and the history of general relativity.
The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time by Stephen W. Hawking,George F. R. Ellis Pdf
First published in 1973, this influential work discusses Einstein's General Theory of Relativity to show how two of its predictions arise: first, that the ultimate fate of many massive stars is to undergo gravitational collapse to form 'black holes'; and second, that there was a singularity in the past at the beginning of the universe. Starting with a precise formulation of the theory, including the necessary differential geometry, the authors discuss the significance of space-time curvature and examine the properties of a number of exact solutions of Einstein's field equations. They develop the theory of the causal structure of a general space-time, and use it to prove a number of theorems establishing the inevitability of singularities under certain conditions. A Foreword contributed by Abhay Ashtekar and a new Preface from George Ellis help put the volume into context of the developments in the field over the past fifty years.
Formulations of General Relativity by Kirill Krasnov Pdf
Carefully documenting the different formulations of general relativity, the author reveals valuable insight into the nature of the gravitational force and its interaction with matter. This book will interest graduate students and researchers in the fields of general relativity, gravitational physics and differential geometry.
Extensions of f(R) Gravity by Tiberiu Harko,Francisco S. N. Lobo Pdf
Recent cosmological observations have posed a challenge for traditional theories of gravity: what is the force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe? What if dark energy or dark matter do not exist and what we observe is a modification of the gravitational interaction that dominates the universe at large scales? Various extensions to Einstein's General Theory of Relativity have been proposed, and this book presents a detailed theoretical and phenomenological analysis of several leading, modified theories of gravity. Theories with generalised curvature-matter couplings are first explored, followed by hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. This timely book first discusses key motivations behind the development of these modified gravitational theories, before presenting a detailed overview of their subsequent development, mathematical structure, and cosmological and astrophysical implications. Covering recent developments and with an emphasis on astrophysical and cosmological applications, this is the perfect text for graduate students and researchers.
Relativistic Fluid Dynamics in and out of Equilibrium by Paul Romatschke,Ulrike Romatschke Pdf
Presents a powerful new framework for out-of-equilibrium hydrodynamics, with connections to kinetic theory, AdS/CFT and applications to high-energy particle collisions.
Tensor-Valued Random Fields for Continuum Physics by Anatoliy Malyarenko,Martin Ostoja-Starzewski Pdf
Presents a complete description of homogenous and isotropic tensor-valued random fields, including the problems of continuum physics, mathematical tools and applications.