Toward Robots That Reason Logic Probability Causal Laws

Author : Vaishak Belle
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-02-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031210037

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Toward Robots That Reason: Logic, Probability & Causal Laws by Vaishak Belle Pdf

This book discusses the two fundamental elements that underline the science and design of artificial intelligence (AI) systems: the learning and acquisition of knowledge from observational data, and the reasoning of that knowledge together with whatever information is available about the application at hand. It then presents a mathematical treatment of the core issues that arise when unifying first-order logic and probability, especially in the presence of dynamics, including physical actions, sensing actions and their effects. A model for expressing causal laws describing dynamics is also considered, along with computational ideas for reasoning with such laws over probabilistic logical knowledge.

Author : Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780465097616

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The Book of Why by Judea Pearl,Dana Mackenzie Pdf

A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence "Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality -- the study of cause and effect -- on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence. Anyone who wants to understand either needs The Book of Why.

Author : Ben Goertzel,Nil Geisweiller,Lucio Coelho,Predrag Janičić,Cassio Pennachin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789491216114

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Real-World Reasoning: Toward Scalable, Uncertain Spatiotemporal, Contextual and Causal Inference by Ben Goertzel,Nil Geisweiller,Lucio Coelho,Predrag Janičić,Cassio Pennachin Pdf

The general problem addressed in this book is a large and important one: how to usefully deal with huge storehouses of complex information about real-world situations. Every one of the major modes of interacting with such storehouses – querying, data mining, data analysis – is addressed by current technologies only in very limited and unsatisfactory ways. The impact of a solution to this problem would be huge and pervasive, as the domains of human pursuit to which such storehouses are acutely relevant is numerous and rapidly growing. Finally, we give a more detailed treatment of one potential solution with this class, based on our prior work with the Probabilistic Logic Networks (PLN) formalism. We show how PLN can be used to carry out realworld reasoning, by means of a number of practical examples of reasoning regarding human activities inreal-world situations.

Author : Hector Geffner,Rina Dechter,Joseph Halpern
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool
Page : 946 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781450395892

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Probabilistic and Causal Inference by Hector Geffner,Rina Dechter,Joseph Halpern Pdf

Professor Judea Pearl won the 2011 Turing Award “for fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning.” This book contains the original articles that led to the award, as well as other seminal works, divided into four parts: heuristic search, probabilistic reasoning, causality, first period (1988–2001), and causality, recent period (2002–2020). Each of these parts starts with an introduction written by Judea Pearl. The volume also contains original, contributed articles by leading researchers that analyze, extend, or assess the influence of Pearl’s work in different fields: from AI, Machine Learning, and Statistics to Cognitive Science, Philosophy, and the Social Sciences. The first part of the volume includes a biography, a transcript of his Turing Award Lecture, two interviews, and a selected bibliography annotated by him.

Author : Michael Thielscher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005-07-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1402030681

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Reasoning Robots by Michael Thielscher Pdf

The creation of intelligent robots is surely one of the most exciting and ch- lenginggoals of Arti?cial Intelligence. A robot is, ?rst of all, nothing but an inanimate machine with motors and sensors. In order to bring life to it, the machine needs to be programmed so as to make active use of its hardware c- ponents. This turns a machine into an autonomous robot. Since about the mid nineties of the past century, robot programming has made impressive progress. State-of-the-art robots are able to orient themselves and move around freely in indoor environments or negotiate di?cult outdoor terrains, they can use stereo vision to recognize objects, and they are capable of simple object manipulation with the help of arti?cial extremities. At a time where robots perform these tasks more and more reliably,weare ready to pursue the next big step, which is to turn autonomous machines into reasoning robots.Areasoning robot exhibits higher cognitive capabilities like following complex and long-term strategies, making rational decisions on a high level, drawing logical conclusions from sensor information acquired over time, devising suitable plans, and reacting sensibly in unexpected situations. All of these capabilities are characteristics of human-like intelligence and ultimately distinguish truly intelligent robots from mere autonomous machines.

Author : Vincent C. Müller
Publisher : Springer
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319264851

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Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence by Vincent C. Müller Pdf

This volume offers a look at the fundamental issues of present and future AI, especially from cognitive science, computer science, neuroscience and philosophy. This work examines the conditions for artificial intelligence, how these relate to the conditions for intelligence in humans and other natural agents, as well as ethical and societal problems that artificial intelligence raises or will raise. The key issues this volume investigates include the relation of AI and cognitive science, ethics of AI and robotics, brain emulation and simulation, hybrid systems and cyborgs, intelligence and intelligence testing, interactive systems, multi-agent systems, and super intelligence. Based on the 2nd conference on “Theory and Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence” held in Oxford, the volume includes prominent researchers within the field from around the world.

Author : Nikolai Dokuchaev
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814678056

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Probability Theory by Nikolai Dokuchaev Pdf

This book provides a systematic, self-sufficient and yet short presentation of the mainstream topics on introductory Probability Theory with some selected topics from Mathematical Statistics. It is suitable for a 10- to 14-week course for second- or third-year undergraduate students in Science, Mathematics, Statistics, Finance, or Economics, who have completed some introductory course in Calculus. There is a sufficient number of problems and solutions to cover weekly tutorials.

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : PHILOSOPHY
ISBN : 1139649361

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Causality by Judea Pearl Pdf

Written by one of the preeminent researchers in the field, this book provides a comprehensive exposition of modern analysis of causation. It shows how causality has grown from a nebulous concept into a mathematical theory with significant applications in the fields of statistics, artificial intelligence, economics, philosophy, cognitive science, and the health and social sciences. Judea Pearl presents and unifies the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual, and structural approaches to causation and devises simple mathematical tools for studying the relationships between causal connections and statistical associations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curricula of statistics, artificial intelligence, business, epidemiology, social sciences, and economics. Students in these fields will find natural models, simple inferential procedures, and precise mathematical definitions of causal concepts that traditional texts have evaded or made unduly complicated. The first edition of Causality has led to a paradigmatic change in the way that causality is treated in statistics, philosophy, computer science, social science, and economics. Cited in more than 5,000 scientific publications, it continues to liberate scientists from the traditional molds of statistical thinking. In this revised edition, Judea Pearl elucidates thorny issues, answers readers questions, and offers a panoramic view of recent advances in this field of research. Causality will be of interests to students and professionals in a wide variety of fields. Anyone who wishes to elucidate meaningful relationships from data, predict effects of actions and policies, assess explanations of reported events, or form theories of causal understanding and causal speech will find this book stimulating and invaluable."

Author : Jon Williamson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Bayesian statistical decision theory
ISBN : OCLC:437925017

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Bayesian Nets and Causality by Jon Williamson Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9491216120

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Real-World Reasoning by Anonim Pdf

Author : Rina Dechter,Hector Geffner,Joseph Y. Halpern
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 565 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1904987656

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Heuristics, Probability, and Casuality by Rina Dechter,Hector Geffner,Joseph Y. Halpern Pdf

The field of Artificial Intelligence has changed a great deal since the 80s, and arguably no one has played a larger role in that change than Judea Pearl. Judea Pearl's work made probability the prevailing language of modern AI and, perhaps more significantly, it placed the elaboration of crisp and meaningful models, and of effective computational mechanisms, at the center of AI research. This book is a collection of articles in honor of Judea Pearl, written by close colleagues and former students. Its three main parts, heuristics, probabilistic reasoning, and causality, correspond to the titles of the three ground-breaking books authored by Judea, and are followed by a section of short reminiscences. In this volume, leading authors look at the state of the art in the fields of heuristic, probabilistic, and causal reasoning, in light of Judea's seminal contributors. The authors list include Blai Bonet, Eric Hansen, Robert Holte, Jonathan Schaeffer, Ariel Felner, Richard Korf, Austin Parker, Dana Nau, V. S. Subrahmanian, Hector Geffner, Ira Pohl, Adnan Darwiche, Thomas Dean, Rina Dechter, Bozhena Bidyuk, Robert Matescu, Emma Rollon, Michael I. Jordan, Michael Kearns, Daphne Koller, Brian Milch, Stuart Russell, Azaria Paz, David Poole, Ingrid Zukerman, Carlos Brito, Philip Dawid, Felix Elwert, Christopher Winship, Michael Gelfond, Nelson Rushton, Moises Goldszmidt, Sander Greenland, Joseph Y. Halpern, Christopher Hitchcock, David Heckerman, Ross Shachter, Vladimir Lifschitz, Thomas Richardson, James Robins, Yoav Shoham, Peter Spirtes, Clark Glymour, Richard Scheines, Robert Tillman, Wolfgang Spohn, Jian Tian, Ilya Shpitser, Nils Nilsson, Edward T. Purcell, and David Spiegelhalter.

Author : Andrea Woody,Robin Findlay Hendry,Paul Needham
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 561 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780444516756

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Philosophy of Chemistry by Andrea Woody,Robin Findlay Hendry,Paul Needham Pdf

Philosophy of Chemistry investigates the foundational concepts and methods of chemistry, the science of the nature of substances and their transformations. This groundbreaking collection, the most thorough treatment of the philosophy of chemistry ever published, brings together philosophers, scientists and historians to map out the central topics in the field. The 33 articles address the history of the philosophy of chemistry and the philosophical importance of some central figures in the history of chemistry; the nature of chemical substances; central chemical concepts and methods, including the chemical bond, the periodic table and reaction mechanisms; and chemistry's relationship to other disciplines such as physics, molecular biology, pharmacy and chemical engineering. This volume serves as a detailed introduction for those new to the field as well as a rich source of new insights and potential research agendas for those already engaged with the philosophy of chemistry. Provides a bridge between philosophy and current scientific findings Encourages multi-disciplinary dialogue Covers theory and applications

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 952 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0080931227

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Philosophy of Complex Systems by Anonim Pdf

The domain of nonlinear dynamical systems and its mathematical underpinnings has been developing exponentially for a century, the last 35 years seeing an outpouring of new ideas and applications and a concomitant confluence with ideas of complex systems and their applications from irreversible thermodynamics. A few examples are in meteorology, ecological dynamics, and social and economic dynamics. These new ideas have profound implications for our understanding and practice in domains involving complexity, predictability and determinism, equilibrium, control, planning, individuality, responsibility and so on. Our intention is to draw together in this volume, we believe for the first time, a comprehensive picture of the manifold philosophically interesting impacts of recent developments in understanding nonlinear systems and the unique aspects of their complexity. The book will focus specifically on the philosophical concepts, principles, judgments and problems distinctly raised by work in the domain of complex nonlinear dynamical systems, especially in recent years. -Comprehensive coverage of all main theories in the philosophy of Complex Systems -Clearly written expositions of fundamental ideas and concepts -Definitive discussions by leading researchers in the field -Summaries of leading-edge research in related fields are also included

Author : Joachim von Braun,Margaret S. Archer,Gregory M. Reichberg,Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 3030541754

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Robotics, AI, and Humanity by Joachim von Braun,Margaret S. Archer,Gregory M. Reichberg,Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo Pdf

This open access book examines recent advances in how artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have elicited widespread debate over their benefits and drawbacks for humanity. The emergent technologies have for instance implications within medicine and health care, employment, transport, manufacturing, agriculture, and armed conflict. While there has been considerable attention devoted to robotics/AI applications in each of these domains, a fuller picture of their connections and the possible consequences for our shared humanity seems needed. This volume covers multidisciplinary research, examines current research frontiers in AI/robotics and likely impacts on societal well-being, human – robot relationships, as well as the opportunities and risks for sustainable development and peace. The attendant ethical and religious dimensions of these technologies are addressed and implications for regulatory policies on the use and future development of AI/robotics technologies are elaborated.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 724 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Automatic control
ISBN : UCSD:31822018838425

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Proceedings of the Third IEEE Conference on Fuzzy Systems by Anonim Pdf